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Carry the Revolution Until the End: The role of Maoist dialectics in modern Chinese politics
Get PDFDespite the significant changes brought by reform and opening up and the apparent demise of Maoism as the Communist Party’s governing ideology, Maoism has continued to thrive in Chinese politics as a political language and dialectical theory despite theoretical weaknesses inherited from its European counterparts. An investigation into the frequency of mentions of “contradiction” and their contexts within the political reports to the 20 National People’s Congresses since the founding of the People’s Republic demonstrates that Maoist dialectical rhetoric is effective in setting policy goals, driving policy reform, and consolidating national unity. Furthermore, the patterns of frequency reflect changes in political leadership, how the central government learns from its previously enacted policies, and outliers such as the absence of Maoism before 1945 and the Maoist cult of personality during the Cultural Revolution. The usage of Maoist dialectical rhetoric by both reformist and hardline Party leaders reflects a continued salience of dialectical rhetoric in not just Party, but Chinese politics as a whole, with implications for how the Party, opposition or protest movements, and larger society interact with one another in the future
Why Do We Vote?: An Analytical and Data-Centered Approach to the Impact of Infrastructure Quality on Voter Turnout in Virginia Counties
Get PDFEveryday political discourse centers around the direction of voting far more than the choice to vote itself, despite low turnout rates in the United States overall, and especially in local and non-presidential elections. No existing model provides a complete explanation of the reasons and influences that cause individuals to participate in politics by casting a ballot, and the literature is especially fractured with regards to issue-specific activation of voters. This work expands on previous issue-focused studies by performing turnout analyses for Virginia counties alongside geographic analysis of infrastructure quality and access. The findings suggest that the quality of infrastructure has no influence on voter turnout, indicating a greater complexity in voter activation mechanisms than initially hypothesized. Interpretations of the findings suggest that individuals may not see infrastructure quality as explicitly political, or only weakly view voting as a remedy for day-to-day concerns
One Party Democracy: Explaining the LDP’s Electoral Dominance in Japan
Get PDFTwo of the essential features of a democracy are free elections and political parties. Although frequent transitions of power between parties are common in most established democracies, one notable exception is Japan. Since its formation in 1955, the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) has dominated Japanese elections and politics and has ultimately shaped much of Japan’s modern history and government. With the notable exceptions of 1993-1994 and 2009-2012, the party has either been the majority party or the largest party in the governing coalition. The LDP is often described as a center-right party, although it is also accurate to describe it as a big tent party with numerous factions ranging from liberal-centrist to right-wing. While many dominant parties or one party-states exist in the world, Japan is unique in that the LDP’s electoral success has come entirely from democratically legitimate and free elections
What Exactly Is Social And Emotional Learning And What Does It Look Like In K-12 Schools?
No full textMeeting children’s social and emotional needs is crucial to academic success and workforce preparation. Many states promote SEL policies for student health and safety
The State Of Affairs For American Children And School Gun Violence
No full textThis time of year, I always find myself holding my breath. We are wrapping up another K-12 school year and looking for some summer fun. Yet, the potential for school-based violence continues to exist every day that school is in session. Even graduation ceremonies are not immune, as seen in recent shootings in California and Missouri that left people wounded and marred forever young people’s milestone celebrations
Forgiving Stakeholders
No full textUnderstanding firm responses to breaches of trust is critical to managing relationships between firms and stakeholders. Although forgiveness is a vital link in the trust-repair process, there is so far no article that examines forgiveness research to identify factors that should influence the propensity of top managers of a transgressed firm to forgive a transgressing stakeholder. This article fills that void by integrating concepts of trust restoration, forgiveness, stakeholder culture, and transgressor power to develop a model that predicts the level of forgiveness a firm is likely to extend to a stakeholder that has breached the firm’s trust. The visibility and magnitude of a transgression—as well as transgressor intentions, reactions, history, reputation, and power—influence the firm’s response, within the context of its stakeholder culture. Our model can help managers, consultants, and investors anticipate and interpret transgressed firm reactions to a transgressing stakeholder’s breach of trust, with implications for relations with the transgressor, relations with other stakeholders, and future firm performance
The Life of International Law Is Not Logic but Experience
No full textJustice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. famously maintained that ‘the life of the law has not been logic: it has been experience.’ Holmes’ statement suggests an antecedent question: what is the life of the law? This article construes this question ontologically. What gives law life? What animates it, and in so doing warrants the claim that law contributes to the production of social order in a particular community? The answer, I contend, is that law lives, or exists, only in those societies where law rules, and law rules only when the exercise of political power is conducted under the supervision of lawyers, agents for whom realizing the rule of law is a calling or vocation. Perhaps surprisingly, I contend that the most prominent proponent of this account of law in the field of international law and legal theory is Martti Koskenniemi. While he generally eschews talk of government in accordance with the rule of law in favor of ‘a culture of formalism’ and ‘constitutionalism as a mindset,’ I demonstrate that Koskenniemi defends the same conception of law that Lon Fuller and Ronald Dworkin do. This conception identifies law not with rules or institutions but with a particular approach to the exercise of political power, one premised on actors reciprocal regard for one another as autonomous and responsible agents