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Losing Control: Evaluative Access and the Limits of Attributability In Angela Smith’s Theory of Moral Responsibility
No full textThe unwilling addict agent archetype–who wholeheartedly resolves to abstain from taking a drug but takes it regardless–is important to moral responsibility theorists for many reasons, but two in particular stand head-and-shoulders above the rest. The first is the frequency with which the archetype must be reckoned with through our everyday practices of moral assessment. It is not an idle thought experiment, pushing nothing but the theoretical limits of a particular theory. It is a near-ubiquitous presence in real, practical moral assessment. The second reason is a consequence of the first. Because we deal with the archetype frequently, we morally assess agents that fit the archetype frequently: And, in our everyday practice, we succeed in doing so. Our frequent moral assessments are largely made with no great difficulty. Indeed, I would go so far as to say that our assessments of unwilling addicts don’t involve much critical thought at all.
The most common characterization is something like the following:
- There is an agent, call him A.
- A has a powerful first-order desire to take a drug.
- A also has a higher-order evaluative standpoint that says, “I have decisive reasons not to take the drug. I don’t want my desire to take the drug to be effective in moving me to action. I judge it best that I abstain from taking the drug.”
- Despite this standpoint, A repeatedly takes the drug when the desire arises.
Theorists have argued what our moral reaction to the UA ought to be, but there is a general consensus that our reaction to the UA should be different and less harsh than our reaction to the willing addict. Whether or not the UA is fully, partially, or not at all responsible for his action, our moral appraisal is that he deserves less blame – he is ‘less bad’ – than the wholehearted, willing addict. This is, I take it, the intuition that makes responsibility theories that ground moral responsibility in an agent’s evaluative activity appealing
Special Issue on the continued impact of neoliberalism on urban education: Introduction Part 2
No full textThe second part of the Special Issue on the continued impact of neoliberalism on urban education brings six articles forth to add further clarification on these complex issues. Each of these perspectives adds much needed detail to the ways in which neoliberal logic has taken hold in education and will not be dislodged easily. Further, these articles provide perspectives on future strategies, tools, concepts and action needed to undo the negative impacts of neoliberalism on urban schooling and beyond, with the intention of moving our educational institutions toward more communitarian, egalitarian and democratic ideals
Richmond\u27s Mysterious Heroin Epidemic and What it Means for Cities Across America
Full text linkHeroin has become one of America\u27s fastest growing addictions over the last decade and a half. According to the American Society of Addiction Medicine, since 1999 the heroin overdose rate has quadrupled. Richmond has not avoided this problem. The city of Richmond has the most overdose deaths in the state of Virginia, amounting to 18 fatal and 99 non -fatal heroin overdoses this year. Richmond \u27s problems reflect the obstacles that are being faced around the country
Is Birth Control Harming the Environment?
Full text linkIn recent years the go green mentality that more and more people are adopting has led to concern about the environmental impacts of contraceptives, especially birth control pills, on aquatic life and drinking water supplies
Letter from the Editor
Full text linkDear Reader,
Thanks for picking up the fifth - yes, fifth! issue of Osmosis Magazine. I am so proud of how far Osmosis has come! The articles in this issue are more relevant than ever, and ifs inspiring to see so many passionate people coming together to write about them.
We have welcomed so many new faces-shout out to my new design team - as well as some loyal returners. I would like to personally thank Sanitra Desai for sticking this out with me, especially the early days when it was a design team party of two. It\u27s going to be hard to find someone as creative and hardworking as you! Good luck in the great beyond! (Post-graduation)
Through Osmosis we hope to spread scientific literacy to the rest of campus, and not just locked it away in Gottwald. From scientific policy to vaping, we believe there\u27s something for everyone in this issue. Happy reading, and remember to share this with a friend! Only you can prevent scientific ignorance!
Your editor,
Micke
The Unhappy Triad
Full text linkGrowing up, sports are a central fixture in many people’s lives. A 2019 study showed that in America alone over half of youths aged 6-17 report participating in organized sports (Sports & Fitness Industry Association, 2020). Sports teach leadership, teamwork, dedication, and tenacity. But, with these valuable life lessons come injuries that have the potential to leave lasting impact. Knee injuries are particularly well known - and for good reason. These nasty impairments can leave a player recovering for, at the very least, the better half of a year. A particularly infamous group of sprains, known as the unhappy triad, occurs when the ACL, MCL, and meniscus are all torn simultaneously. Their interconnectedness is both the gateway to knee’s mobility and the reason for its vulnerability
Being the Best You, in Space Out of this World Self-Care
Full text linkThe world we live in is a dangerous place, full of uncertainties that fill us with anxiety and stress. Beyond our world, space is also full of dangers: UV radiation, microgravity, and, potentially the worst of all, being stuck in a small space doing the same thing with the same handful of people for months. Astronauts undergo years of mental and physical training for the chance to go beyond the world as we know it. How do astronauts take care of themselves amidst all these dangers
