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Step Pools: Examining the Flow Resistance and Stability of Artificial Step Pools in Comparison with their Natural Counterparts
Get PDFThis study looked at step pool stream studies, reports, and field data in five catchment areas. The areas of interest include the Rio Cordon catchment area in Italy, the Cascade Mountain Range in Washington, the Siuslaw National Forest in Oregon, various areas in California, the University of Richmond in Virginia, and the Arkansas River Basin in Colorado. The purpose of this study was to compare the flow resistance and stability after large flooding events of artificial and natural step pool sequences to potentially provide information to improve monitoring of newly installed step pools and the design of future step pool structures. To measure flow resistance, a ratio of average height of the steps divided by the average length of the pools divided by the slope (H/L/S) was used, which was determined from a previous study by Abrahams et al. (1995) to correlate with maximum flow resistance. To compare stability of the steps following flood events, observational data was collected from studies and reports on the steps used. The average H/L/S values for the artificial and natural steps were calculated to be 3.23 and 1.22, respectively. According to the ideal maximum flow resistance range of 1-2, found by Abrahams et al., the natural step pools were found to maximize flow resistance more effectively than the artificial step pools. In analyzing the observational data, 7 out of 8 artificial and 8 out of 8 natural showed signs of instability following flood events. So, while natural step pools were better at maximizing flow resistance, they were not necessarily more stable than artificial step pools. This provides evidence that there are potentially other factors that contribute to the instability of step pools including the size of the flooding and increased sediment transport from upstream.
Paper prepared for the Environmental Studies Senior Seminar.
Faculty Advisor: Dr. Todd Lookingbil
Photo After Feminist Flash Mob Intervention with Allies
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Feminist Flash Mob Intervention in front of Gottwald Center for the Sciences
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Feminist Flash Mob with Posters at Tyler Haynes Commons
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Feminist Flash Mob Intervention at E. Claiborne Robins Statue
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Practicing Flash Mob at Visitor Parking Lot by New Fraternity Row
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Making and Unmaking Egalitarianism in Small-Scale Human Societies
No full textHumans have likely spent the vast majority of our history as a species in relatively egalitarian, small-scale societies. This does not mean humans are by nature egalitarian. Rather, the ecological and demographic conditions common to small-scale societies favored the suppression of steep, dominance-based hierarchy and incentivized relatively shallow, prestige-based hierarchy. Shifts in ecological and demographic conditions, particularly with the spread of agriculture, weakened constraints on coercion
2020 Faculty Accomplishments Reception
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2020 Faculty Accomplishments Reception
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2020 Faculty Accomplishments Reception
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