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The Effects of Social, Psychological, and Physical Factors on Healthcare: Examining Healthcare Disparities in Asian and AAPI Populations in the United States and How to Address Them
No full textAsian population is the fastest-growing racial and ethnic group in the United States, yet there is a severe lack of understanding regarding the health disparities in Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) and Asian populations. This paper examines specific healthcare barriers experienced by Asian people and addresses the social, mental, and physical health disparities in the access, quality, and coverage of care for Asian populations. Many of the current healthcare disparities in Asian populations are less from socioeconomic status but rather from many fundamental and complex factors inherent to Asian populations that require acknowledgment and understanding. Recognizing and attempting to address these healthcare disparities could lead to better healthcare outcomes for both the people and the healthcare system
Human population history at the crossroads of East and Southeast Asia since 11,000 years ago
Get PDFPast human genetic diversity and migration between southern China and Southeast Asia have not been well characterized, in part due to poor preservation of ancient DNA in hot and humid regions. We sequenced 31 ancient genomes from southern China (Guangxi and Fujian), including two ∼12,000- to 10,000-year-old individuals representing the oldest humans sequenced from southern China. We discovered a deeply diverged East Asian ancestry in the Guangxi region that persisted until at least 6,000 years ago. We found that ∼9,000- to 6,000-year-old Guangxi populations were a mixture of local ancestry, southern ancestry previously sampled in Fujian, and deep Asian ancestry related to Southeast Asian Hòabìnhian hunter-gatherers, showing broad admixture in the region predating the appearance of farming. Historical Guangxi populations dating to ∼1,500 to 500 years ago are closely related to Tai-Kadai and Hmong-Mien speakers. Our results show heavy interactions among three distinct ancestries at the crossroads of East and Southeast Asia
e-Museletter: March 2021
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The U.S. Labor Relations System after Janus v. AFSCME: an Early Assessment
No full textIn 2018, anti-union organizations accomplished one of their top goals by convincing the U.S. Supreme Court to overturn 40 years of precedent and declare union security clauses in the public sector unconstitutional. Many predicted such a decision would lead to the end of public sector unions, but thus far that has not occurred. Nor has the labor relations system, of which these fees were an integral part, crumbled. This article looks at what has happened in the two years since the decision came down, including the continuing efforts to deprive unions of membership and funding, and the union responses. The article also looks at other recent trends in labor relations – a significant uptick in the number of strikes and the growth of social movement unionism. The trends provide hints that the country may be on the cusp of a transformative moment in labor relations. Significant questions remain, however, about what the future will bring
Intersections between Human Trafficking and Education: Toward New Research Agendas
No full textHuman trafficking is a social issue that has gained attention in the media and in scholarship. A growing number of anti-trafficking organizations and actors have begun to use education to diverse ends. Although not often associated with human trafficking, education is a common tool used by anti-trafficking organizations, whether as a prevention tool to reduce the vulnerability of people at-risk of trafficking, or as a service to trafficking survivors to improve their lives. Lack of access to education, or to quality education, is also a factor in exposure to human trafficking, whether that be in terms of debt bondage, domestic servitude, forced labor, child marriage or other issues related to human trafficking. More explicit connections need to be made between the work being done in anti-trafficking spheres and the scholarship of education in order to better understand how to improve the quality and effectiveness of education-related efforts. This essay explores the connections between human trafficking and education
Brock on Open Borders
Get PDFJustice for People on the Move includes rich and insightful discussions of many areas of immigration policy. But, in this paper, I’ll focus on evaluating Brock’s arguments against open borders. Justice for People on the Move includes rich and insightful discussions of many areas of immigration policy. But, in this paper, I’ll focus on evaluating Brock’s arguments against open borders
Exquisite Paradise: Taste and Consumption in Hebe Uhart’s ‘El budín esponjoso’ (1977)
Get PDFFood Studies in Latin American Literature presents a timely collection of essays analyzing a wide array of Latin American narratives through the lens of food studies. Topics explored include potato and maize in colonial and contemporary global narratives; the role of cooking in Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz’s poetics; the centrality of desire in twentieth-century cooking writing by women; the relationship among food, recipes, and national identity; the role of food in travel narratives; and the impact of advertisements on domestic roles.
The contributors included here—experts in Latin American history, literature, and cultural studies—bring a novel, interdisciplinary approach to these explorations, presenting new perspectives on Latin American literature and culture
Demographic Consequences of Changing Body Size in a Terrestrial Salamander.
No full textChanges in climate can alter individual body size, and the resulting shifts in reproduction and survival are expected to impact population dynamics and viability. However, appropriate methods to account for size-dependent demographic changes are needed, especially in understudied yet threatened groups such as amphibians. We investigated individual- and population-level demographic effects of changes in body size for a terrestrial salamander using capture–mark–recapture data. For our analysis, we implemented an integral projection model parameterized with capture–recapture likelihood estimates from a Bayesian framework. Our study combines survival and growth data from a single dataset to quantify the influence of size on survival while including different sources of uncertainty around these parameters, demonstrating how selective forces can be studied in populations with limited data and incomplete recaptures. We found a strong dependency of the population growth rate on changes in individual size, mediated by potential changes in selection on mean body size and on maximum body size. Our approach of simultaneous parameter estimation can be extended across taxa to identify eco-evolutionary mechanisms acting on size-specific vital rates, and thus shaping population dynamics and viability
In Vivo Characterization of Carbon Dots-Bone Interactions: Toward the Development of Bone-Specific Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery.
No full textCurrent treatments for osteoporosis and other bone degenerative diseases predominately rely on preventing further bone erosion rather than restoring bone mass, as the latter treatments can unintentionally trigger cancer development by undiscriminatingly promoting cell proliferation. One approach to circumvent this problem is through the development of novel chemical carriers to deliver drug agents specifically to bones. We have recently shown that carbon nanodots (C-dots) synthesized from carbon nanopowder can bind with high affinity and specificity to developing bones in the larval zebrafish. Larval bones, however, are physiologically different from adult bones in their growth, repair, and regeneration properties. Here we report that C-dots can bind to adult zebrafish bones and that this binding is highly specific to areas of appositional growth. C-dots deposition occurred within 30 minutes after delivery and was highly selective, with bones undergoing regeneration and repair showing higher levels of C-dots deposition than bones undergoing normal homeostatic turnover. Importantly, C-dots deposition did not interfere with bone regeneration or the animal’s health. Together, our results establish C-dots as a potential novel vehicle for the targeted delivery of drugs to treat adult bone disease
Group 14 Central Atoms and Halogen Bonding in Different Dielectric Environments: How Germanium Outperforms Silicon.
No full textThe nature of halogen bonding under different dielectric conditions remains underexplored, especially for inorganic systems. The structural and energetic properties of model halogen bonded complexes (R3M−I—NH3 for R=H and F, and M=C, Si, and Ge) are examined computationally for relative permittivities between 1 and 109 using an implicit solvent model. We confirm and assess the exceptionally high maximum potentials at the sigma hole on I (Vs,max) in F3Ge−I relative to cases where M=C or Si. In particular, Ge far outperforms Si in mediating inductive effects. Linear relationships, typically with R2 \u3e0.97, are identified between Vs,max, the full point charge on I in R3M−I, and the interaction energy, and optimized I—N distance in the complexes. An anomalous trend is identified in which, for each M, F3M−I—NH3 becomes less stable as the optimized I—N distance gets shorter in different dielectric environments; it is explained using the F−I—NH3 complex as a reference