19672 research outputs found
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SMSAD: a framework for spam message and spam account detection
No full textShort message communication media, such as mobile and microblogging social networks, have become attractive platforms for spammers to disseminate unsolicited contents. However, the traditional content-based methods for spam detection degraded in performance due to many factors. For instance, unlike the contents posted on social networks like Facebook and Renren, SMS and microblogging messages have limited size with the presence of many domain specific words, such as idioms and abbreviations. In addition, microblogging messages are very unstructured and noisy. These distinguished characteristics posed challenges to existing email spam detection models for effective spam identification in short message communication media. The state-of-the-art solutions for social spam accounts detection have faced different evasion tactics in the hands of intelligent spammers. In this paper, a unified framework is proposed for both spam message and spam account detection tasks. We utilized four datasets in this study, two of which are from SMS spam message domain and the remaining two from Twitter microblog. To identify a minimal number of features for spam account detection on Twitter, this paper studied bio-inspired evolutionary search method. Using evolutionary search algorithm, a compact model for spam account detection is proposed, which is incorporated in the machine learning phase of the unified framework. The results of the various experiments conducted indicate that the proposed framework is promising for detecting both spam message and spam account with a minimal number of features. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
Experimental and modeling evaluation of droplet size in immiscible liquid-liquid stirred vessel using various impeller designs
No full textThe present study investigates the effects of impeller design and dispersed phase volume ratio on mean drop sizes (d 32 ) in immiscible liquid-liquid stirred vessel through experimental and modeling approaches. Various impeller designs including conventional and new impeller designs were employed to cover both radial and axial flow impellers. The microscopic method associated with image processing tools was used for the drop size analysis. The results showed the hydrofoil impeller produced the largest drop sizes while the double-curved blade turbine produced the smallest drop sizes, corresponding to about 37% difference. Increasing the dispersed phase volume ratio from 1% to 10%) increased the d 32 by approximately 20–40%. Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system based on fuzzy C–means (ANFIS-FCM) clustering algorithm was used to develop a model to predict drop sizes, and its validation and accuracy were examined by comparing the results to the experimental data. The results also proved the superior prediction capability of the ANFIS-FCM method over the empirical correlations for the most cases. © 201
A scene image classification technique for a ubiquitous visual surveillance system
No full textThe concept of smart cities has quickly evolved to improve the quality of life and provide public safety. Smart cities mitigate harmful environmental impacts and offences and bring energy-efficiency, cost saving and mechanisms for better use of resources based on ubiquitous monitoring systems. However, existing visual ubiquitous monitoring systems have only been developed for a specific purpose. As a result, they cannot be used for different scenarios. To overcome this challenge, this paper presents a new ubiquitous visual surveillance mechanism based on classification of scene images. The proposed mechanism supports different applications including Soil, Flood, Air, Plant growth and Garbage monitoring. To classify the scene images of the monitoring systems, we introduce a new technique, which combines edge strength and sharpness to detect focused edge components for Canny and Sobel edges of the input images. For each focused edge component, a patch that merges nearest neighbor components in Canny and Sobel edge images is defined. For each patch, the contribution of the pixels in a cluster given by k-means clustering on edge strength and sharpness is estimated in terms of the percentage of pixels. The same percentage values are considered as a feature vector for classification with the help of a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. Experimental results show that the proposed technique outperforms the state-of-the-art scene categorization methods. Our experimental results demonstrate that the SVM classifier performs better than rule and template-based methods. © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
Double-Key Secure for N-1-N Sound Record Data (SRD) by the Drive-Response of BAM NNs
No full textIn this work, the problem of N sound record data (audio) encryption based on double-key secure is proposed. The first key is the math tricks to cumulate N audio files in a single file. The second key is the values of the parameters A,B,D,A~,B~,D~, of the constructed drive-response bidirectional associative memory neural networks to be found by suitable Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional and satisfying the linear matrix inequality to obtain the dynamical signal (irregular), which are used to encrypt an audio file. Further, the key sensitivity of 1 e- 10 of the proposed method are large adequate key space to make hacker’s attack infeasible. Numerical simulations, cryptanalysis of the proposed scheme are provided to show the best performance. © 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
The Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effects of Capsaicin on an Oral Squamous Cancer Cell Line of Asian Origin, ORL-48
No full textBackground and Objectives: The antitumor activities of capsaicin on various types of cancer cell lines have been reported but the effect of capsaicin on oral cancer, which is prevalent among Asians, are very limited. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of capsaicin on ORL-48, an oral cancer cell line of Asian origin. Materials and Methods: Morphological changes of the ORL-48 cells treated with capsaicin were analyzed using fluorescence microscopy. The apoptotic-inducing activity of capsaicin was further confirmed by Annexin V-Fluorescein isothiocyanate/Propidium iodide (V-FITC/PI) staining using flow cytometry. In order to establish the pathway of apoptosis triggered by the compound on ORL-48 cells, caspase activity was determined and the mitochondrial pathway was verified by mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) assay. Cell cycle analysis was also performed to identify the cell cycle phase of ORL-48 cells being inhibited by the capsaicin compound. Results: Fluorescence microscopy exhibited the presence of apoptotic features in capsaicin-treated ORL-48 cells. Apoptosis of capsaicin-treated ORL-48 cells revealed disruption of the mitochondrial-membrane potential, activation of caspase-3,-7 and-9 through an intrinsic apoptotic pathway and subsequently, apoptotic DNA fragmentation. The cell cycle arrest occurred in the G1-phase, confirming antiproliferative effect of capsaicin in a time-dependent manner. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that capsaicin is cytotoxic against ORL-48 cells and induces apoptosis in ORL-48 cells possibly through mitochondria mediated intrinsic pathway resulting in cell cycle arrest. © 2019 by the authors
Pre-Competitive Anxiety of Malaysian Premier League and University Football Players
No full textThis study aimed to identify the level of state anxiety among football players of a Malaysian premier league and a university football players. This study involved 40 players aged between 18 to 32 years old. The questionnaire used in this study was Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 Reverse Survey (CSAI-2R) to measure the level of athlete's somatic anxiety, cognitive anxiety and self-confidence. The findings showed that the premier league players has a lower level of somatic and cognitive anxiety than the university players. Premier league players also were shown to have higher levels of self-confidence. Based on the findings, experience and achievement level are the contributing factors in determining the level of anxiety and increasing self-confidence. The more experience and skills the athlete has, the easier it is for athletes to control the level of anxiety. © BEIESP
Assessment of Nano-Indentation Method in Mechanical Characterization of Heterogeneous Nanocomposite Materials Using Experimental and Computational Approaches
No full textThis study investigates the capacity of the nano-indentation method in the mechanical characterization of a heterogeneous dental restorative nanocomposite using experimental and computational approaches. In this respect, Filtek Z350 XT was selected as a nano-particle reinforced polymer nanocomposite with a specific range of the particle size (50 nm to 4 µm), within the range of indenter contact area of the nano-indentation experiment. A Sufficient number of nano-indentation tests were performed in various locations of the nanocomposite to extract the hardness and elastic modulus properties. A hybrid computational-experimental approach was developed to examine the extracted properties by linking the internal behaviour and the global response of the nanocomposite. In the computational part, several representative models of the nanocomposite were created in a finite element environment to simulate the mechanism of elastic-plastic deformation of the nanocomposite under Berkovich indenter. Dispersed values of hardness and elastic modulus were obtained through the experiment with 26.8 and 48.5 percent average errors, respectively, in comparison to the nanocomposite properties, respectively. A disordered shape was predicted for plastic deformation of the equilateral indentation mark, representing the interaction of the particles and matrix, which caused the experiment results reflect the local behaviour of the nanocomposite instead of the real material properties. © 2019, The Author(s)
Expert panel consensus recommendations for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in Asia: The HOPE Asia Network
No full textHypertension is an important public health issue because of its association with a number of significant diseases and adverse outcomes. However, there are important ethnic differences in the pathogenesis and cardio-/cerebrovascular consequences of hypertension. Given the large populations and rapidly aging demographic in Asian regions, optimal strategies to diagnose and manage hypertension are of high importance. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is an important out-of-office blood pressure (BP) measurement tool that should play a central role in hypertension detection and management. The use of ABPM is particularly important in Asia due to the specific features of hypertension in Asian patients, including a high prevalence of masked hypertension, disrupted BP variability with marked morning BP surge, and nocturnal hypertension. This HOPE Asia Network document summarizes region-specific literature on the relationship between ABPM parameters and cardiovascular risk and target organ damage, providing a rationale for consensus-based recommendations on the use of ABPM in Asia. The aim of these recommendations is to guide and improve clinical practice to facilitate optimal BP monitoring with the goal of optimizing patient management and expediting the efficient allocation of treatment and health care resources. This should contribute to the HOPE Asia Network mission of improving the management of hypertension and organ protection toward achieving “zero” cardiovascular events in Asia. ©2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Simultaneous reduction of NOx and smoke emissions with low viscous biofuel in low heat rejection engine using selective catalytic reduction technique
No full textThe present work offered a comprehensive investigation on engine characteristics of single cylinder Direct Injection (DI) diesel engine fuelled with Lemon oil (LO) biofuel. LO was obtained from the peels of lemon using steam distillation process. The physio-chemical properties of LO were analysed based ASTM biodiesel standard and compared with diesel. The chemical composition of LO was observed with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). In-order to enhance the properties of LO, a cetane enhancer namely Pyrogallol (PY) was added. The engine combustion chamber components namely piston head, cylinder head and intake and exhaust valves were thermally coated with Partially Stabilized Zirconia (PSZ) which converted the conventional engine into low heat rejection engine. In the PSZ coated engine, enhanced performance and combustion characteristics were observed with LO and PY blend. Declined carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC) and smoke emissions were observed with LO and PY blend in coated engine. Further, the work was extended with the application of Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and Catalytic Converter (CC) as post treatment system for the reduction of NOx emission. With post treatment, LO and pyrogallol in PSZ coated engine showed lower NOx emission than diesel and LO. Consequently, LO and pyrogallol in PSZ coated engine with post treatment was considered as more advantageous than other fuel samples on account of its performance, combustion and emission characteristics. © 2019 Elsevier Lt
Liking, sharing, commenting and reacting on Facebook: User behaviors’ impact on sentiment intensity
No full textThe form of communication on Facebook is not only limited to posting and commenting, but also includes sharing, liking and reacting. This study looks into how a Facebook diabetes community uses like, comment, share and reaction in expressing themselves online and how these distinctions can be used to improve sentiment classification from text extracted from the said group. An intensity formula using those behaviors was proposed and experimentations conducted using Weka. The findings reveal a model encompassing user behaviors is able to determine sentiment more accurately compared to one without, with a 94.6 percentage of accuracy. Additional analyses reveal behaviors such as liking, commenting and sharing to contribute more to the sentiment classification compared to reacting. This further cement the need to include such behavioral aspects into sentiment polarity calculation, as it would help algorithms achieve better predictability when classifying sentiment. © 2018 Elsevier Lt