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Responses of ASEAN-5 to China stock market reforms
No full textChina’s influence on the financial sector of ASEAN has been more significant as a result of the recent strengthening of China’s monetary and exchange rate policies, its growing financial sector, as well as the fast expansion of its corporate and financial investment around the world. This paper analyses the influence of the China stock market on its ASEAN counterparts over the period of 2002-2015. The extent of ASEAN stock market responses to three major stock market trading reforms in China are examined. These reforms include the liberalization of the A-shares to Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (QFII reform) starting from 5th November 2002, the split share structure reform starting from 29th April 2005, and the lifting of short sale constraints and margin-trading starting from 21st March 2010. Data on 2,166 public listed firms in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand are used to investigate if their responses, normalized to the responses of listed firms in China, are economically significant and have amplified over time with the increased influence of China’s economy in the global market. Evidence shows that firms from Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore have significant and increased relative responses to these reforms in the China market. The increase is particularly drastic in response to the short-sale reform in 2010. Listed firms from the Philippines and Thailand did not exhibit similar responses. The result is consistent with the development of bilateral trade ties between China and these ASEAN countries
MiR-378 and MiR-1827 Regulate Tumor Invasion, Migration and Angiogenesis in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma by Targeting RBX1 and CRKL, Respectively
No full textMicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been extensively studied over the decades and have been proposed as potential molecular targets for cancer treatment. Studies have shown that miR-378 participates in numerous biological processes in various cancers; whereas miR-1827 has only been reported in pediatric glioma. The mechanism of how miRNAs modulate lung cancer metastasis remains unclear. Our previous study demonstrated that miR-378 is up-regulated while miR-1827 is down-regulated in high invasive lung cancer sub-cell lines, and their biological functions have been described. Here, we report that miR-378 and miR-1827 modulate lung cancer cell invasion and migration via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We also demonstrated that cells treated with miR-378 inhibitors or miR-1827 mimics had reduced number of metastases and ectopic vessels in the zebrafish embryo model. We then showed that miR-378 promoted invasion and miR-1827 suppressed migration by targeting RBX1 and CRKL, respectively. Restored protein expression in miRNA-overexpressed/ miRNA-suppressed cells attenuated the inhibitory/ inducing effect of the miRNA on lung cancer cells. Collectively, our findings highlight that miR-378 and miR-1827 could serve as novel therapeutic targets in lung cancer
A method using uniform yellowing pigmentation to model the color perception of the elderly people
No full textAs the usage of color images in presenting information via Web sites and smartphone applications increases, the color perception loss may affect the accuracy of the information when it is presented to elderly people. The earlier study considered non-uniform yellowing pigmentation model to mimic the color perception loss of elderly people. Recently, two clinical studies have shown that uniform yellowing pigmentation occurs on the human crystalline lens. In this paper, we propose a mathematical model using uniform yellowing pigmentation to mimic the color perception experienced by elderly people. The uniform yellowing pigmentation is formed using the measured transmittance functions of the LCD display and the spectral transmission factor. The uniform yellowing pigmentation formed is in agreement with the results of the clinical studies. Moreover, subjective evaluation showed that the results from the proposed method are closer to the clinical data and showed improvement when compared to the results from the non-uniform yellowing pigmentation method
Nanoindentation creep on Cu3Sn, Cu6Sn5 and (Cu, Ni)6Sn5 intermetallic compounds grown in electrodeposited multilayered thin film
No full textTin-based multilayered thin films were fabricated for application in three dimensional microelectronic packaging as joining materials. During device fabrication and application, interconnecting materials can be fully converted to intermetallic compounds (IMCs). As known, IMCs are generally brittle and associated with void formation which can make interconnection in the microelectronic devices vulnerable. In an effort to improve the reliability of the Sn–Cu based IMC, ultra thin layers of Ni (70 nm) were inserted into Cu/Sn system. Electrochemical deposition technique was used to fabricate the samples. Isothermal aging at 150 °C for 168 h was performed to grow the IMCs at required thickness for measuring creep by nanoindentation. Creep strain rate was calculated from experimental data. Creep resistance was significantly improved after adding the small amount of Ni in Cu/Sn multilayered thin film system
Intersection and Complement Set (IACS) Method to Reduce Redundant Node in Mobile WSN Localization
No full textThe majority of the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) localization methods utilize a large number of nodes to achieve high localization accuracy. However, there are many unnecessary data redundancies that contributes to high computation, communication, and energy cost between these nodes. Therefore, we propose the Intersection and Complement Set (IACS) method to reduce these redundant data by selecting the most significant neighbor nodes for the localization process. Through duplication cleaning and average filtering steps, the proposed IACS selects the normal nodes with unique intersection and complement sets in the first and second hop neighbors to localize the unknown node. If the intersection or complement sets of the normal nodes are duplicated, IACS only selects the node with the shortest distance to the blind node and nodes that have total elements larger than the average of the intersection or complement sets. The proposed IACS is tested in various simulation settings and compared with MSL* and LCC. The performance of all methods is investigated using the default settings and a different number of degree of irregularity, normal node density, maximum velocity of sensor node and number of samples. From the simulation, IACS successfully reduced 25% of computation cost, 25% of communication cost and 6% of energy consumption compared to MSL*, while 15% of computation cost, 13% of communication cost and 3% of energy consumption compared to LCC
Black Phosphorus Saturable Absorber for Pulse Generation Using Q-switched Teachnique
No full textThis paper reported a passive Q-switched erbium doped fiber laser (EDFL) using two-dimensional (2D) material of black phosphorus saturable absorber (BP-SA). The maximum output power reached is 3.54 mW, which is generated by pump power of 42.327 mW. The results show that a stable pulse was generated with repetition rate starts at about 9.606 kHz and ends at about 44.72 kHz and very narrow pulse width between 40.01 µs and 9.84 µs and pulse energy 80 nJ. Clearly, the stability of the Q-switched pulse train was achieved because the BP-SA film was inserted in the laser ring cavity
Abscisic acid and salinity stress induced somaclonal variation and increased histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity in Ananas comosus var. MD2
No full textSomaclonal and phenotypic variation caused by genetic and/or epigenetic modifications, are a valuable source of genetic variation to improve desirable polygenetic traits in crops. In this study, we induced somaclonal variation in vitro pineapple (Ananas comosus var. MD2) through hormonal induction, NaCl, and abscisic acid (ABA) supplementation. Our results showed that supplementation of high concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine (4.0 mg/L BAP) alone or combined with indole-butyric acid (IBA) produced the highest percentage of dwarf variants (100%). Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing 4.0 mg/L BAP plus 2.0 mg/L IBA produced the shortest plantlets (1.9 ± 0.1 cm). In comparison, MS media containing 1.0% NaCl induced formation of dwarf plantlets with a mean plantlet height of 1.4 ± 0.3 cm, whereas 1.0 mg/L ABA generated plantlets with a mean plantlet height of 1.7 ± 0.1 cm. We then analyzed the histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzyme activity for dwarf and non-dwarf plantlets. In general, dwarf plantlets exhibited higher HDAC activity than non-dwarf plantlets. The highest HDAC activity (109, 333.33 ± 4.40 ng/min/mg) was recorded for dwarf plantlets grown on media supplemented with 1.0 mg/L ABA. The dwarf variants also underwent phenotypic recovery to normal phenotype within 8 months after transferred to MS basal media. No ploidy alteration was detected in these dwarf plantlets after analyzed by flow cytometry. Taken together, although the generated dwarf plantlets showed higher HDAC activity compared to non-dwarf plantlets, their capability of reverting to non-dwarf phenotype suggested that it might be due to epigenetic modulation
A new split based searching for exact pattern matching for natural texts
No full textExact pattern matching algorithms are popular and used widely in several applications, such as molecular biology, text processing, image processing, web search engines, network intrusion detection systems and operating systems. The focus of these algorithms is to achieve time efficiency according to applications but not memory consumption. In this work, we propose a novel idea to achieve both time efficiency and memory consumption by splitting query string for searching in Corpus. For a given text, the proposed algorithm split the query pattern into two equal halves and considers the second (right) half as a query string for searching in Corpus. Once the match is found with second halves, the proposed algorithm applies brute force procedure to find remaining match by referring the location of right half. Experimental results on different S1 Dataset, namely Arabic, English, Chinese, Italian and French text databases show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing S1 Algorithm in terms of time efficiency and memory consumption as the length of the query pattern increases
The biodiversity of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Indonesia
No full textIndonesia is one of the megadiversity country in the world endowed with rich and unique biodiversity insects such as blackflies species (Diptera: Simuliidae). Blackflies are found almost anywhere with running water suitable as habitat for the immature stages. This family is one of the most important groups of blood-sucking insects. This study collates the records of Simulium (Diptera: Simuliidae) in previous publications related fauna of Indonesia. Based on the results of this study, there were 124 species of blackflies in Indonesian Archipelago. All species are assigned to the genus Simulium Latreille s.l., and are placed into five subgenera, i.e. Gomphostilbia Enderlein, Morops Enderlein, Nevermannia Enderlein, Simulium Latreille s.str. and Wallacellum Takaoka. Further classification into 27 species groups within the subgenera were also made. Checklists of Indonesian Simuliidae are provided including data on the distribution of each species
Nose-Angle Bridge Piers as Alternative Countermeasures for Local Scour Reduction
No full textThis study investigates the performance nose-angle piers as countermeasures for local scour reduction around piers. Four nose angles were studied, i.e., 90°, 70°, 60° and 45° and tested in a laboratory. The sediment size was fixed at 0.39 mm whereas the flow angle of attack (or skew angle) was varied at four angles, i.e., skew angles, i.e., 0°, 10°, 20° and 30°. Scour reduction was clear when decreasing nose angles and reached maximum when the nose angle is 45°. Increasing the flow velocity and skew angle was subsequently increasing the scour profile, both in vertical and transversal directions. However, the efficiency of nose angle piers was only high at low Froude number less than 0.40 where higher Froude number gives minimal changes in the maximum scour depth reduction. At a higher skew angle, although showed promising maximum scour depth reduction, the increasing pier projected width resulted in the increase of transversal lengths