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Law versus Action: How Five Cape Town Organizations Are Combating High Rates of Sexual Assault and the Failure of Progressive Sexual Offences Legislation
Get PDFThis Independent Study Project (ISP) seeks to understand the work various Cape Town organizations are doing to help survivors of sexual assault gain access to justice. Previous research finds that social norms defining masculinity as well as rape myths and stereotypes lead to the high levels of gender-based violence (GBV) in South Africa. This research led to my hypothesis that organizations fighting GBV would target these norms to help survivors access the justice system that so frequently ignores them. Eight organizations were contacted requesting an interview to discuss their work and two agreed to participate. Participants were asked to discuss the goals, successes, and failures of their organizations work. Three additional organizations are included in this report using information from annual reports published on their websites. From the information gleaned from these interviews and annual reports, this ISP finds that while targeting social norms is an objective of some organizations, many directly support survivors in court and other post-trauma processes and still others research and analyze policy and legislation to determine how the law can be changed to support survivors. This report concludes that while progressive legislation is in place, there is still policy that must be changed for survivors to truly be able to access justice. Thus, organizations focus on law as well as social norms within communities to create real change for survivors. This report suggests future research investigating intersectional approaches to organization work to understand how they address the unequal realities of rape survivors
Khookha McQueer: Advocacy for Non-Binary Queerness and LGBTQI+ Representation in Tunisia
Get PDFIn 2018, the Tunisian government arrested 127 Tunisians on the basis of suspicions regarding non-heterosexual and non-cisgendered acts. Tunisian civil society centralizes its core missions around advocating for the rights of LGBT individuals through attempts to target the measures that allow for such unlawful imprisonment: Articles 230 and 226 of the Tunisian Constitution. But within the undiscussed gaps between laws, cultures of homo and transphobia, and civil society lies alternative measures for non-linear forms of queer advocacy. This research engages with the work of Khookha McQueer -- a Tunisian LGBTQI+ rights activist -- and documents conversations had with Khookha regarding her own advocacy, the Tunisian queer landscape, identity politics, and civil society. Ultimately, this study project is a means to document a queer minority experience that is not thought of in the conventional fight for LGBTQI+ rights
¿Quién compone la historia?: Un estudio creativo de la enseñanza y memoria de la dictadura cívico militar chilena a través de las artes y trabajos originales
No full textEsta investigación analiza la enseñanza de la dictadura cívico-militar de una manera no-tradicional en Santiago, Chile. La investigación consiste en entrevistas con personas que ocupan roles relacionados a la educación; en una práctica implementada por la investigadora en tres escuelas y en una actividad que incluye los trabajos originales de los estudiantes y los poemas originales de la autora. La historia, el arte, la creatividad son principios clave de la investigación. La investigación da importancia a la enseñanza de historia, específicamente a la de la dictadura cívico-militar en Chile y al uso del arte como una herramienta pedagógica en la construcción de la memoria. La investigación exhibe que las opiniones de los jóvenes son reflexiones de lo que se les enseña y que lo que se enseña es importante en la creación del futuro
Pasantía en Programa de Integración Escolar (PIE): Apoyando estudiantes con discapacidades en la escuela secundaria
No full textThe intent behind this internship experience was to gain insight into the relationship between an individual’s physical and mental state in the general panorama of one’s health and wellness, specifically among the adolescent population. Throughout this investigation, I actively focused on helping the individuals with whom I was working by cultivating relationships and assisting in therapies. I completed this work in the Student Integration Program (Programa de Integración Escolar), known as PIE, within Liceo A-1 Octavo Palma Pérez, a public high school in Arica, Chile. PIE is a government sponsored program that provides additional resources to students in the public-school system with mild cognitive and/or motor disabilities. The director of PIE, Arnaldo Ortega Cortez, served as my internship advisor, and he coordinated opportunities for me to work closely with various members of the team of professionals that make up PIE. During the four-week span of this internship, I achieved both my investigative and interpersonal goals through observing and actively participating in the work of the team’s kinesiologist, psychologist, and physical education teacher. I recorded and analyzed my qualitative experiences to identify central themes about the body and mind connection in the students within PIE. By way of this analysis, I determined that students benefit most from a holistic and integrated system of support because this approach addresses both the needs that result from the individual’s disability as well as their emotional needs as a sentient human. Due to the fact that both these aspects play crucial roles in one’s human development, I argue that a well-integrated PIE team ought to be available in every high school.
La intención detrás de esta pasantía era llegar a un conocimiento profundo de la relación entre el estado físico y mental en el panorama general de la salud y bienestar de una persona, específicamente en los adolecentes. A través de esta investigación, yo estaba enfocada en ayudando a los individuos con quienes trabajaba por medio de estableciendo relaciones profundas y ayudando en varias terapias. Yo realicé este trabajo en el Programa de Integración Escolar, o PIE, dentro del Liceo A-1 Octavo Palma Pérez, un colegio público en Arica-Chile. PIE es un programa patrocinado por el gobierno que proporciona recursos adicionales a estudiantes que asisten a establecimientos educativos públicos quienes tienen discapacidades cognitivas y/o motores leves. El director de PIE es Arnaldo Ortega Cortez, y él también desempeñó el papel de mi consejero para mi pasantía. Él organizó oportunidades que mi permitieron trabajar con varios miembros del equipo PIE. Durante estos cuatros semanas, yo logré mis metas investigativos e interpersonales a través de observaciones y participación en el trabajo de la kinesiología, la psicología, y la profesora de educación física. Yo grababa y analizaba mis experiencias cualitativas para identificar temas centrales sobre la relación entre el cuerpo y la mente evidentes en los niños de PIE. Usando este análisis, determiné que los estudiantes se benefician más de un sistema de apoyo bien integrado y holístico porque esta manera de cuidar a la gente aborda tanto las necesidades que vienen de la discapacidad como sus necesidades emocionales como un ser humano. Porque ambos aspectos tienen un rol central en el desarrollo humano de cada persona, yo propongo que un PIE bien integrada debe estar en cada colegio
Internamente Solo: Escuchando y Resistiendo La Soledad de Adultos Mayores en La Araucanía, Chile / Internally Alone: Hearing and Resisting the Loneliness of Seniors in La Araucanía, Chile
Get PDFResearch Question: Which current patterns drive or diminish loneliness among seniors of the Region of the Araucanía in the city of Temuco and surrounding rural communes?
Objectives: Understand and interpret the roots and the antidotes of the loneliness phenomenon experienced by seniors in Temuco and surrounding communes in the present moment.
Identify and analyze the drivers of pathological elder loneliness in structural, intermediary, and proximal factors.
Highlight the perspectives and narratives of seniors, community leaders, and health resources with respect to strategies to reduce the crisis.
Background: Currently, the population of seniors has risen and will continue to rise in Chile due to the epidemiological transition of the recently industrialized nation. The burden on state and municipal resources to support an aging population is tremendous and serious. The problem of discriminatory conceptions of health in advanced age, together with the resource burden, has limited the action of health professionals. The ubiquity and tremendous damage of loneliness which have been discovered bring to light the need to pay attention to loneliness as a powerful pathology, which deserves careful attention. Experts increasingly discuss the role of situational factors in loneliness, including internal loneliness. This study intends to theorize loneliness through the emerging dialogue about social infrastructure, hard and soft, with the purpose of situating responses elder loneliness. Considerations of the meaning of life will be used to understand the efficacy of existing and potential social infrastructure.
Methodology: A qualitative investigation was conducted in May of 2019, focused on seniors living in Temuco, the urban zone of the region, and certain surrounding rural communes. 11 interviews were conducted with seniors individually or in pairs, with a variety living situations and socioeconomic and cultural profiles. 3 focus groups were conducted with a total of 30 people. Finally, 4 interviews with professionals and local leaders who represent facets of social infrastructure. These interviews were used to thematically analyze the origins and interventions in loneliness suggested by the case studies of seniors.
Results: The internal loneliness of seniors within the identified population is provoked by the interruption of the life philosophy held by the senior. This pattern is seen in the relationships between seniors and their children, grandchildren, and outside of the familiar sphere, including in their medical attention. Therefore, this pattern is repeated in three spheres of environmental influence, structural, intermediary, and proximal. Interventions through social infrastructure, hard and soft, are a particularly promising instruments for intervention, such as guaranteeing seniors recreational, emotional, and intellectual resources which promote the realization of their values.
Conclusions: The main thrust of the results is that in the region, elder loneliness must be discussed as a public health threat, around which health and community resources have and should mobilize. Specifically, health resources, conceived holistically, must diagnose pathological loneliness and prescribe treatment, through the use of identified social infrastructure.
Problema: ¿Cuáles patrones actuales impulsan o disminuyen la soledad entre adultos mayores de Región de La Araucanía, Chile, en la cuidad de Temuco y comunas rurales de alrededor?
Objetivo: Comprender e interpretar las raíces y los antídotos del fenómeno de la soledad que experimentan los adultos mayores en Temuco y comunas circundantes, en la actualidad.
Identificar y analizar los impulsores de la soledad patológica de anciano en factores estructurales, intermedios, y próximos.
Destacar las perspectivas y narrativas de adultos mayores, líderes comunitarias, y recursos de salud con respeto a estrategias para disminuir la crisis.
Antecedentes: Actualmente, la población de adultos mayores ha aumentado y va a seguir aumentado en Chile a causa de la transición epidemiológica del país recién industrializado. La cepa en los recursos del estado y de municipalidades apoyar a una población envejeciendo es tremendo y serio. El problema de concepciones discriminatorias de la salud en la vejez, junto con la cepa en los recursos, ha limitado la acción de profesionales de salud. La ubicuidad y daño tremendo de la soledad que han sido descubiertos sacaran a la luz la necesidad prestar atención a la soledad como una patología poderosa, que se merece atención cuidadosa. Expertos discuten cada vez más el papel de los factores situacionales de la soledad, incluso la soledad interna. Este estudio pretende teorizar la soledad a través del diálogo emergente sobre la infraestructura social, dura y blanda, con el fin de situar las respuestas a la soledad de anciano. Consideraciones del sentido de la vida se utilizará entender la eficacia de infraestructura social actual y potencial.
Metodología: Se realizó una investigación cualitativo en mayo de 2019, enfocada en adultos mayores viviendo en Temuco, la zona urbana de la región, y ciertos comunas rurales circundantes. Se cumplió 11 entrevistas con adultos mayores, individuales o en pares, con varios situaciones de vida, y perfiles socioeconómicos y culturales. Se llevó a cabo 3 grupos de sondeo, con un total de 30 personas. Finalmente, se realizó 4 entrevistas con profesionales y dirigentes locales que representan elementos de infraestructura social. Estas entrevistas se utilizó para analizar temáticamente los origines e las intervenciones en la soledad surgidas por los casos de estudio de adultos mayores.
Resultados: La soledad interna de adultos mayores a dentro de la población identificada se provocó por la injerencia de la filosofía de la vida que sostiene la persona mayor. Se ve este patrón a dentro de relaciones entre adultos mayores y sus hijos, sus nietos, y, afuera del ámbito familiar, incluso en su atención médica. Por eso, este patrón se repitió a través de los tres niveles de influencia ambiental, estructural, intermedio, y próximo. Las intervenciones a través de infraestructura social, dura y blanda, son instrumentos particularmente prometedores para la intervención, como garantizar el acceso de ancianos a recursos recreativos, afectivos, e intelectuales que promuevan la realización de sus valores.
Conclusiones: El empuje principal de los resultados es que en la región, hay que discutir la soledad de anciano como una amenaza para la salud pública, alrededor de la cual los recursos de salud y comunitarios tienen y deben movilizarse. Específicamente, recursos de la salud, definida de manera holística, tienen que diagnosticar la soledad patológica y prescribir tratamiento, a través del uso de infraestructura social identificada
Bridging the gap on schistosomiasis: A cross-sectional study examining the knowledge gap and common attitudes and practices regarding S. mansoni infections among varying education levels in Luanda K’Otieno, western Kenya
Get PDFBackground: Schistosomiasis is considered one of the most prevalent neglected tropical diseases in the world. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the most effective strategy for schistosomiasis control is through preventive chemotherapy with praziquantel (PZQ). In order to successfully control morbidity rates, the WHO recommends mass treatment targeting high risk groups, such as school-age children and adults considered to be at risk.
Methods: This cross-sectional study examined the effects of the National School-Based Deworming Programme (NSBDP) on knowledge of schistosomiasis and subsequent prevalence rates and intensity. A total of 43 residents in Luanda K’Otieno were interviewed, and 34 of those participants provided stool samples for schistosomiasis diagnosis. Schistosoma mansoni eggs in the stool samples were evaluated using the Kato-Katz technique.
Results and Conclusions: Of the 34 participants who provided stool samples for diagnosis, 13 were positive for S. mansoni infection. The results did not reveal any correlation between the prevalence or intensity of infection and the level of education completed, extent of knowledge on the disease, or occupational risk. The study did determine that the higher of education achieved, the greater the knowledge on schistosomiasis; however, school education was not the primary means of knowledge acquisition. 45.2% of the knowledgeable participants were educated through participation in previous KEMRI studies, and 22.6% were educated through others who were involved in those studies. There were also significant problems discovered based on participants’ personal accounts in particular regarding the unreliability of organizations such as KEMRI
How is Disability Seen? An Auto-Ethnographic Exploration of Disability in Urban Townships in Ethekwini, South Africa
Get PDFDisability is a topic that is often overlooked and not seen in day to day life. Disability may be visible or invisible to others, and individuals may have varying attitudes and opinions towards people with disabilities. Disability can also be conceptualized in different ways depending on if one takes on a bio-medical model or a social model of disability. In this study, I explored how disability is seen, both literally and metaphorically in urban townships in the eThekwini Municipality in South Africa. I conducted semi-structured interviews with individuals with disabilities and community members at large to understand people’s perspectives on disability. I synthesized my findings in my interviews through a reflexive autoethnographic approach that allowed my own perspectives and stories to live in relation to the perspectives and stories of my participants. The result of this study is a deeper understanding of myself and my own perspective on disability as a sibling of someone with a disability as it relates to the viewpoints and realities of other people
Health and Education: Perspectives on the Role of Schools in Health Promotion
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to understand learners’ perceptions of the role schools play in health promotion. Health promotion encompasses health education and can be highly effective in the school setting. Given the high rates of HIV/AIDS, teen pregnancy, early sexual debut, and abuse, health education is highly important in South African schools. All learners are required to take Life Orientation classes, which cover many topics including health education. Comparing the views of what learners expect, experience, and the curriculum, my study addressed the gaps in Life Orientation classes with regards to health promotion education.
For this study I utilized a mixed methodology approach using both surveys and interviews. My sample population was young people who had recently graduated high school, aged 18-24. Through the survey I collected quantitative data and used qualitative data collected through interviews to deepen my understanding of the Life Orientation experience. Using both methods, I analyzed the data through graphs, quotes, and patterns found during interviews.
Overall, I found that participants do view schools as important in health education. Many found Life Orientation classes to be impactful in certain health aspects of their lives—specifically in safe sex behaviors and HIV/AIDS education. However, participants reported issues in the implementation of Life Orientation classes and many were opposed to the proposed changes to the curriculum. Participants found Life Orientation to be impactful but had recommendations to increase its effectiveness
Queer Otherwise: Embodying a Queer Identity in Cape Town
Get PDFThis research responds to the following question: how do LGBTQ South Africans in Cape Town come to understand and embody their queerness? Drawing on ideas of the body as a sense making agent (Meyburgh 2006) and site of socio-political contestation (Foucault 1975) this research adapts body-mapping methodologies (de Jager, Tewson, Ludlow, Boydell 2016) to excavate the ways in which LGBT South Africans negotiate their queerness. Through centering the experiences of three LGBTQ identified South African’s in conversation with the experiences of the researcher, this paper delves into how queer people make sense of and understand themselves in relation to their material reality. Foregrounded by an overview of the methodological and ethical considerations operationalized throughout, this paper will present the narratives of each participant culminating in a discussion on observations surrounding ideas troubling queerness as ‘un-African’, of language, and of community gleaned during these conversations closed by a final reflection from the researcher
The Role of Local Communities in Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism (P/CVE) in Jordan
Get PDFBordering Syria, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Israel/Palestine, with Lebanon not too far away, Jordan’s location makes it at high risk for violent extremism. Although Jordan is considered one of the safest countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, the country is known for having one of the highest numbers of foreign fighters in the world, and for being the homeland of the father of ISIS (Abu Musab al-Zarqawi). Also worrisome is the increasing number of desperate people turning to extremist ideologies due to the country’s economic crisis and lack of opportunities for political engagement. Jordan could be at a tipping point: as more people turn toward fundamentalist and political Islam, and as the economic crisis worsens, the country could see a large increase in the number of people radicalizing and joining violent extremist groups.
This independent study project examines the reasons people are radicalizing to violent extremism in Jordan, and assesses the Jordanian strategy for P/CVE from the lens of local community participation. The researcher collected data through a combination of primary and secondary sources, including six interviews with experts in Jordanian P/CVE policy. She found that community engagement projects, such as programs run through mosques, schools, and prisons, are more effective in preventing and countering violent extremism than traditional militaristic methods. With this conclusion in mind, the paper ends with policy suggestions for how to further empower local communities and more effectively curb violent extremism in Jordan