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Analysis of Swiss Attitudes on Migration and their Impact on Policy
Get PDFThis paper shall analyze Swiss attitudes as they relate to migration in order to explain why recent controversial popular initiatives aimed against foreigners have been successful. Swiss attitudes will be analyzed as they relate to perceptions of economic and cultural threat. More specifically, Swiss attitudes will be related to specific fears of labor market competition, social spending, over-foreignization, and integration with the EU. Afterwards, these attitudes will be used to explain the success of controversial popular initiatives as a means to implement policy aimed against foreigners
“Oh Lord, Save Us from Such Monsters:” Maternal Impression and Monstrous Births in the Eighteenth-Century Netherlands
Get PDFThis historical survey focuses on the memoirs of Catharina Schrader, a Frisian midwife in the eighteenth century, as a lens into beliefs about maternal impression and monstrous births during the early modern period. The then popular theory of maternal impression, where pregnant women could impact their gestating fetus’s appearance or characteristics through their behavior, thoughts, and feelings, was used to explain many instances of monstrous births. Monstrosity, now understood as congenital defects or disabilities, was seen as a result and marker of pregnant women’s moral failings. Using examples of monstrous births from Schrader’s memoirs, I analyze the threat of maternal impression causing monstrosity as a form of control over women’s sexuality, behavior, and desires, focusing on themes of God, sex, motherhood, and paternity. I also link the ideas about maternal impression and monstrous births from Schrader’s world in the eighteenth century Netherlands to modern conceptions of pregnancy and childbirth, exposing the similarities and differences between these ideologies of reproduction
Motorbike-Related Injuries & Safety Practices Among Motorbike Riders in Kisumu, Western Kenya in 2019
Get PDFRoad traffic injuries are a growing public health problem throughout the world. Kenya has is known for having unsafe roads with an estimated 13,463 road traffic fatalities in 2016 and 24% of road traffic fatalities coming from 2-and 3-wheeled vehicles (WHO, 2018). This study sought to analyze road safety measures and road traffic injuries amongst motorbike taxi drivers in Kisumu, Kenya. A qualitative survey was administered to 152 motorbike taxi drivers in Kisumu over a two-week period in April 2019. The results were then analyzed. Results showed that 70% of drivers owned a helmet for themselves and 48.3% of drivers owned a helmet for their passenger. Regarding road traffic accidents, 57% of all drivers have been involved in an accident and 22% of all drivers have sustained a road traffic injury. The majority of motorbike taxi drivers are married men. Motorbike taxi driving is part of the informal economy in Kenya and employs many people and provides affordable transportation for many more people. It is important that safe driving skills are taught to motorbike taxi drivers as well as the importance of wearing helmets and other safety gear
A Study of Stambeli in Digital Media
Get PDFThis research paper explores stambeli, a traditional spiritual music in Tunisia, by understanding its musical and spiritual components then identifying ways it is presented in digital media. Stambeli is shaped by pre-Islamic West African animist beliefs, spiritual healing and trances. The genre arrived in Tunisia when sub-Saharan Africans arrived in the north through slavery, migration or trade from present-day countries like Mauritania, Mali and Chad. Today, it is a geographic and cultural intersection of sub-Saharan, North and West African influences
Transnational Sharing Economies & Neoliberal Urbanism: Airbnb in the City-Region of Tangier
Get PDFSince the early 1980s, Morocco’s strategies of urban governance have been decidedly neoliberal, focusing on entrepreneurialism, market liberalization, and privatization in order to make Moroccan cities more competitive in a global capitalist market (Bogaert 2010; Kanai & Kutz 2011). Within this context of neoliberal urban restructuring, I examine the case of Airbnb in the rapidly globalising city-region of Tangier. Airbnb is an online “sharing economy” platform which allows property owners to rent out living spaces to short-term travellers, usually tourists. In the Moroccan urban context, Airbnb is part of a broader trend of entrepreneurial development, influx of international capital into the real estate market, and touristification. However, while most urban entrepreneurialism in Morocco has been tightly state-lead and planned by a confederation of government agencies and private interests, Airbnb hosts participate in transnational entrepreneurialism outside of the scope of the state or other financial institutions (Zemni & Bogaert 2011). Interviews conducted with Airbnb hosts in Tangier help to provide a picture of the individuals participating in global urban processes and the concrete social networks in which these processes unfold, complicating simplistic narratives of neoliberal globalisation in which depersonified “capital” and monolithic institutions are the only relevant actors
Archiving Heterosexism: An Investigation of Gender and Sexuality Politics in Spain\u27s Transitional Justice Movement
Get PDFThis paper will investigate the ways in which the politics of gender and sexuality during the Franco Regime in Spain (1936-1975) manifest in the transitional justice movement in Spain today. Under the Franco regime, gender and sexuality were policed through a series of ideological and repressive state apparatuses which the current democratic government has attempted to repeal and demolish. Through those apparatuses, bodies were punished, immobilized, and impressed upon in order to sort the demographic into normative hierarchized binaries for the purpose of legitimizing the state and exerting power in the service of domination over the populace. While many of the apparatuses under the Franco regime were demolished by the new democratic government, we must still query the ultimate success of those repeals. For under the current government’s negotiation of the past, and the ‘pact of silence’, as it were, I argue that we can see the re-animation and perpetuations of many of the systems of oppression the government seeks to dismantle. Queer and female bodies continue to be punished and immobilized in a larger hegemonic project of domination and state legitimization; this begs the question: whom does the pact of silence serve? More urgently, my research question: might the pact of silence established under the Transitional Justice Movement perpetuate the very systems of oppression it claims to dismantle
“Existen tantos géneros como personas hay en el mundo”: un estudio de las visiones de la inclusión de géneros diversos en una escuela alternativa de Santiago, Chile
No full textEsta investigación se trata de las visiones de la educación inclusiva con respecto a identidades de género diversas según les actores escolares de la Escuela Amaranta Gómez, un proyecto educativo alternativo ubicado en la ciudad de Santiago. Guiado por las teorías de Bethy Leonardi, Elizabeth L. Meyer, y sj Miller, se enfoca en definiciones de seguridad física y emocional en ambientes escolares. A través de las experiencias y opiniones de personas que tienen experiencia personal con la educación de estudiantes trans, se exploran los temas de la aceptación al nivel individual y societal. Ambas, las condiciones de las escuelas y sus pedagogías son investigadas
The Other Side: How Mexican-American University Students Living in Mexico Negotiate Their Transborder Identities
Get PDFUsing sociological qualitative methods, this article identifies three main themes on how Mexican university student who lived a significant part of their childhoods in the U.S. without documents negotiate their multicultural identities. Using transnationalism and post-colonial cultural theory as theoretical frames for my investigation, I put these themes in discussion with academic discourse related to the topic to make three conclusions on Mexican-American transborder identity. The first is that the persistence of difficulties transborder university students face integrating into Mexican society show that the difficulties of being a transborder student continue as the students age and mature. Second, is that the students’ efforts to have their identities recognized at the university and of operationalizing their bilingualism represent the formation of a new identity that is a product of return migration. Lastly, the identities of transborder students who had lived in the U.S. without authorization are still continuously changing as they mature and further establish themselves as independent adults. The goal of this research is to provide findings and conclusions that will contribute valuable information on how to begin understanding transborder identity and the experience of Mexican-American students and serve as a starting for future research on the topic
La Estructura Neo-Colonial del Turismo Espiritual en el Perú: las percepciones locales de quien controla la mercantilización del ayahuasca en Cusco
No full textEsta investigación aborda el tema del turismo místico/espiritual en la ciudad de Cusco enfocándose en los negocios de ayahuasca. Intenta comprender las percepciones locales de quien controla a los negocios de ayahuasca en Cusco. El trabajo analiza cómo el turismo, como las formas emergentes de emprendimiento de la industria del ayahuasca, participan en la continuación de la colonización económica de Latino América. Como principal metodología de estudio se utilizaron las técnicas cualitativas de la entrevista y la observación con preguntas abiertas a representantes de negocios de ayahuasca tanto como agentes gubernamentales. Los resultados se analizaron usando un marco teórico del poder para entender como los actores involucrados en los negocios de ayahuasca actúan dentro de este sistema. Los resultados indican que los negocios están en control de la industria de ayahuasca pero que hay falta de regulación de estos por parte del gobierno peruano. También se revela que hay una falta de involucración de los pueblos indígenas tanto en los negocios de ayahuasca como en la industria turística y que esto se debe a la falta de acción del gobierno peruano en defender los derechos y los intereses de esta población. Para poder imaginarnos a un Perú diferente, uno menos dependiente en los poderes occidentales, se sugiere que se debe tomar acción gubernamental para implementar una política de estado que se enfoque en respetar la población indígena peruana, tanto amazónica como andina, y brindarle el apoyo necesario. También se sugiere un turismo educado y un emprendimiento responsable que no propaguen las formas incorrectas en que imaginamos a los pueblos indígenas ya que estas formas continúan la opresión de esta población marginada
Avian upsloping in the tropics: Myioborus miniatus and Myioborus torquatus abundance in different altitudinal ranges in Boquete, Chiriquí, Panama
Get PDFDirect and indirect effects of warming global temperatures due to climate change are known to cause upwards shifts of the altitudinal ranges of some avian species. Most susceptible to this trend and at risk of riding the “escalator to extinction” are endemic species in tropical montane cloud forests, such as Myioborus torquatus. There are abiotic factors, like temperature, and biotic interactions, such as the presence of its altitudinal neighbor Myioborus miniatus, that limit the altitudinal range of this bird species in the Neotropics. This study measured abundance of M. miniatus and M. torquatus populations at different altitudinal ranges by point count observations. Analysis of the data revealed that there may be changes in preferred altitudinal ranges of both species, as well as a range of altitudinal overlap, implicating competition for resources. There were significant differences in both the population abundances of M. miniatus and M. torquatus at the lower and higher altitudinal ranges of observation. The results serve as preliminary evidence in the upsloping of the lower altitudinal limit of M. torquatus and the upper altitudinal limit of M. miniatus in the western highlands of Panama. Existing literature about the factors influencing altitudinal ranges, impacts of climate change on certain animal species, and ensuing interspecific and intraspecific competition were compiled to elaborate on the possible causes and consequences of shifting M. miniatus and M. torquatus altitudinal ranges