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Reinventing the Role of Children and Youth in Post-Conflict Peacebuilding
Get PDFThis paper underlines the roles of children and youth in post-conflict peacebuilding and the reinvention of their roles from participants of peacebuilding to active facilitators of post-conflict peacebuilding. The reinvention is based on the re-interpretation of the traditional roles of children and youth in post-conflict peacebuilding and the analysis of children and youth peacebuilding programs. The re-interpretation will suggest that children and youth take on a more active role, if not, a leadership role in peacebuilding programs conducted for children and youth. This paper will look at the historical and contextual information about Nigeria\u27s inter-religious conflict and a youth peacebuilding program by the international non-profit, Search for Common Ground called Naija Girls Unite to answer the question of the re-interpretation of the role of children and youth in post-conflict peacebuilding
Monitoring and Evaluation System for Capacity Building for Inclusive Education in El Salvador
No full textThis paper creates a monitoring and evaluation system for an education project that is currently being implemented in a rural community in El Salvador. The evaluation system presented here contains all the elements of a formal evaluation methodology, such as a theory of change, evaluation questions to assess performance, and a logical framework.
The education project seeks to address some of the challenges currently facing the Salvadoran education system. These challenges include deficiencies in the quality of education and exclusion from primary and secondary education. Therefore, the education project being implemented aims to improve the quality of teaching by training teachers in innovative methodologies and address issues of inclusion and diversity
The Ripple Effects of Digital Storytelling: Transforming Collective Consciousness
Get PDFThis capstone asks how individual narrative can transform collective awareness through the sharing of story, and how these stories might be a force for social change. Insights from the research pose the argument that it is empathy and empowerment that leads to individual and collective healing, understanding and social change. We learn by listening as people open up and share their accounts of experiences that hold meaning in their lives. Sharing a story can transcend experience, and create a ripple effect within society. The intimacy born from these connections nurtures empathy which can in turn expand our perceptions of identity, the world, our place in it, and our relationships with one another and the environment. Yet as important as empathy is in the process of social change, it is only a seed. Through this research I explore not only the impact that narrative has on storytellers and listeners, but also the steps that turn story telling into a tool for social change
Casa de los Ningunos: un estudio de caso sobre la re-imaginando de “Sumak Qamaña” en un contexto urbano y contemporáneo
Get PDFUna simple búsqueda en Google de crisis globales del siglo XXI dará una larga lista de crisis políticas, sociales, económicas y ambientales que enfrenta el siglo XXI. Teniendo en cuenta estas crisis, se ha hecho evidente que la gente del siglo XXI tendrá que encontrar formas alternativas de vivir, que pondrá a prueba el paradigma occidental dominante de la sociedad; un paradigma plagado por el consumismo, el individualismo, la destrucción del medio ambiente, la mentalidad extractivista y las fuerzas homogeneizadoras de la globalización (Choquehuanca 2010; Huanacuni Mamani-2010). En todo el mundo muchos diversos proyectos e iniciativas están surgiendo para desafiar este poder hegemónico mientras pidiendo al conocimiento ancestral, o la cultura vernácula (Powers 2010) de los antepasados del mundo, para recrear y redefinir lo que significa a vivir bien en el siglo XXI. Aunque muchos de estos proyectos e iniciativas, en el marco de los movimientos verdes, “Slow”[1] y / o de “Transición”[2], se han popularizado en los países del Norte no es un concepto nuevo. Vivir Bien ha estado presente en la memoria colectiva de las culturas campesinos-indígenas-originarios[3] del hemisferio sur por siglos; sin embargo, en la última década ha surgido como una nueva plataforma política en Ecuador y Bolivia, y se ha convertido cada vez más presente en el discurso público, en otros países como Argentina, Colombia, Chile y México (2010 Choquehuanca; Huanacuni Mamani-2010).
[1] “El Movimiento Slow” es un término que describe una amplia gama de proyectos diversos, iniciativas y esfuerzos que tienen lugar en todo el mundo que tratan de volver a conectar los seres humanos de manera más significativa y relaciones sostenibles con otros seres humanos, con el mundo natural y su configuración regional específica, y con ellos mismos. El Movimiento Slow surgió como un esfuerzo por contrarrestar la naturaleza de ritmo rápido, los productos básicos centrada, desequilibrada, e impersonal de gran parte de la cultura humana moderna. (Adaptado de http://www.create-the-good-life.com /slow_movement.html)
[2] El Movimiento de Transición” se compone de iniciativas comunitarias vibrantes y de base que buscan construir resiliencia de las comunidades frente a desafíos tales como el pico del petróleo, el cambio climático y la crisis económica. Iniciativas de Transición diferenciarse de otros grupos y ambientales de sostenibilidad, tratando de mitigar estos convergentes crisis globales mediante la participación de sus comunidades en la educación de cosecha ciudadana dirigidas, la acción y la planificación de múltiples partes interesadas para aumentar la autosuficiencia local y la capacidad de recuperación. (Tomado de http://transitionus.org/transition-town-movement)
[3] El término campesino-indígena-originario será utilizada en todo el documento, ya que es el término más políticamente correcta de usar cuando se hace referencia a las múltiples culturas campesinos-indigenas-orginarios que existen en Bolivia
Taking Root: An Analysis of the Best Method for Active Forest Regeneration in the Cloud Forest
Get PDFThe cloud forest is a biodiversity hotspot and provides many vital ecological and economic services. Unfortunately, deforestation for pastures in the lower montane cloud forest is high. Many pastures become abandoned, leaving highly disturbed open areas of land where natural forest regeneration is poor. Human intervention to encourage ecological restoration is very important to re-establish the proper structure and functioning of the ecosystem. Forest regeneration projects are rare and often unsuccessful, which is why increased knowledge and skills of successful and practical methods for assisted regeneration are needed. The Inti Llacta Reserve in the Pichincha province in Ecuador protects a biodiverse area of cloud forest and is dedicated to sustainable land practices, including restoration of retired pasture. This study compares different restoration methods on the reserve to determine the most successful treatment to facilitate natural forest regeneration. Four different areas of retied pasture undergoing early secondary succession were surveyed: an active experiment with grass eradication where key pioneer, coloniser, and climax species were planted; an area where Aliso trees were planted five years ago; an area where Tithonia bushes were planted seven years ago, and an area of passive regeneration. Successful regeneration was expected to occur in areas with low invasive grass cover and high seed rain. The results show that the active experiment had the highest density of regenerated species despite the highest grass cover. Seed input from established plants or from the forest was an important factor for success in this site. Shade was most successful in reducing grass cover but natural regeneration was slow, so another type of intervention to reduce grass cover is needed to speed up regeneration.
Resumen
El bosque nublado es un área lleno de biodiversidad y provee muchos servicios vitales para la ecología y la economía. Desafortunadamente, la deforestación para las pasturas en el bosque nublado es alta. Muchas pasturas son abandonadas, dejando áreas abiertas de la tierra muy degradadas en donde la regeneración natural del bosque es pobre. La intervención humana para estimular la restauración ecológica es muy importante para restablecer la estructura y función correcta del ecosistema. Proyectos del regeneración del bosque son raros y a menudo no tienen éxito, y por eso es necesario aumentar el saber y las habilidades de métodos éxitos y prácticos para la regeneración asistida. La Reserva Inti Llacta en la provincia Pichincha en Ecuador protege un área del bosque nublado biodiversa y está dedicando a los prácticos sustentables, incluyendo la restauración de las pasturas retiradas. Este estudio compara diferentes métodos de restauración en la reserva para determinar el método más exitoso para facilitar la regeneración natural del bosque. Cuatro áreas diferentes de pastura retirada en proceso del inicio de sucesión secundaria estaban evaluados: un experimento activo con erradicación del pasto y especies claves sembradas de tipo pionera, colonizador, y clímax; un área con alisos sembrados hace cinco años; un área con arbustos de Tithonia sembrados hace siete años, y un área de regeneración pasiva. Había supuesto que regeneración exitosa ocurría en áreas bajas en cobertura de pasto y altas en la lluvia de semillas. Los resultados muestran que el experimento activo tenía la densidad de especies regeneradas más alta a pesar de tener la cobertura de pasto más alta. La contribución de semillas de las plantas establecidas o del bosque fue un factor importante para el éxito de regeneración en este sitio. La sombra tenía el más éxito en reducir la cobertura de pasto, pero la regeneración natural fue lenta, entonces otro tipo de intervención es necesario para reducir la cobertura de pasto y apurar la regeneración
The Digital Gap: An Investigation into the Access and Use of Internet in Matagalpa, Nicaragua
Get PDFAlthough still less than 20 percent of the Nicaraguan population has access to the internet, in the years preceding 2012, internet in Nicaragua grew by 113 percent. This rapid development of internet in the country generates several questions, including: “Who has access to the internet in Nicaragua?,” Where are they using the internet?,” and “How are they using it?” This paper answers these three questions and investigates how the answers differ between different demographic groups, especially between young and older people and women and men, through the results of a survey distributed primarily in a public park with free wifi and three cyber cafés in Matagalpa, interviews with cyber café workers, park-goers and experts in the field of technology, participant observation in spaces of internet use in Matagalpa, and an analysis of previous studies. The conclusions of this study show that the high price of internet in Nicaragua is the primary obstacle that impedes the access to internet for the majority of Nicaraguans. Of the Nicaraguans that do have access, the majority are young men and they use internet in various places that include homes, cyber cafés, and public parks, and for various reasons, the most popular being social networks and information searches. The essay also analyzes social factors, such as religion and sexism, and their effects on the access and uses of the internet, including pornography and the use of social networks for activism
Bleaching, disease, and colonization: The ecology of coral health in southeastern Nosy Be, Madagascar
Get PDFCoral reefs constitute irreplaceable networks of marine biodiversity as well as an important economic resource to many coastal communities in the tropics. Many factors threaten these fragile ecosystems worldwide: overfishing, pollution, ocean acidification, and increasing sea temperatures all interact to diminish reef-building coral health in a variety of ways. This study aims to characterize the taxonomic and spatial patterns of several acute negative health conditions affecting hard corals in and near Lokobe National Park, Nosy Be, Madagascar. Bleaching, coral disease, filamentous algal overgrowth, and soft coral colonization were surveyed at six fringing reef sites representing different ecological zones. While Acropora were most vulnerable to bleaching, Porites were most susceptible to coral diseases. No connection was detected between site proximity to freshwater inflow and disease, and no positive correlation was observed between any condition and percent hard coral cover, although sites with the greatest representation of certain genera had higher counts of the conditions affecting those taxa. Overall, sites adjacent to human habitation had the highest rates of all four conditions, confirming that anthropogenic disturbance both on and off the reef itself is likely detrimental to coral health. External environmental drivers’ strong influence on coral health highlights a need for holistic conservation approaches in reef management
La santé maternelle à Antsiranana selon la médicine occidentale et la médicine traditionnelle : Une étude des traitements opposés pour les femmes enceintes
No full textDans un pays comme le Madagascar, où des coutumes traditionnelles et le lien avec les ancêtres demeurent une grande partie de la culture, l’introduction des aspects « occidentales » présente un peu du désaccord. Cela est vu avec l’introduction de la médecine « occidentale », et le choix que font des Malagasy pour leurs soins médicaux. Spécifiquement dans le secteur de la médecine, la tension entre des pratiques occidentales et des pratiques traditionnelles est significative.
La présence des guérisseurs traditionnels et de la médecine traditionnelle sur l’île existait bien avant l’introduction de la médecine occidentale. Bien que de plus en plus Malagasy commencent à se tourner vers des pratiques plus occidentales, la médecine traditionnelle joue toujours un grand rôle dans le combat contre les maladies. Ce mélange entre ces deux pratiques de la médecine est évident dans le domaine de la santé maternelle. À Madagascar, les femmes enceintes ont le choix entre trois types de soins généraux pour accoucher : un médecin ou une sage-femme à l’hôpital, une sage-femme chez elle, ou une reninjaza (sage-femme traditionnelle). Le choix que les femmes Malagasy font à propos d’où elles accouchent dit beaucoup de comment la médecine occidentale et la médecine traditionnelle fait chacune une partie de la vie des Malagasy.
Cette étude examine comment ces deux pratiques de la médecine interagissent dans la vie des femmes enceintes à Diego-Suarez en conduisant des enquêtes structurées et des entretiens semi-structurés avec des médecins, sages-femmes, mères Malagasy, et des reninjaza. À travers ces enquêtes et entretiens, cette étude espère découvrir comment ces deux pratiques de médecine peuvent être utilisées ensemble
The Dichotomy Between Colonial Heritage and National Identity in the Senegalese Education System
Get PDFFor my Independent Study project, I decided to examine the dichotomy between colonial heritage and national identity in the Senegalese education system. Among many other topics, I was interested in looking at language use in the classroom, material covered, grading systems, and recent reforms in education. I went about my research by conducting an ethnographic study in two middle/high schools (public and private) in Dakar. In order to narrow my research within the schools, I decided to focus on observing history and civic education classes to better understand the dichotomy. I interviewed students, teachers, administrators, and observed the school setting as well as the history and civic education class
For my Independent Study project, I decided to examine the dichotomy between colonial heritage and national identity in the Senegalese education system. Among many other topics, I was interested in looking at language use in the classroom, material covered, grading systems, and recent reforms in education. I went about my research by conducting an ethnographic study in two middle/high schools (public and private) in Dakar. In order to narrow my research within the schools, I decided to focus on observing history and civic education classes to better understand the dichotomy. I interviewed students, teachers, administrators, and observed the school setting as well as the history and civic education classes. In addition to my research within the school, I also interviewed a few members of educational reform and government organizations. Through my research, I found that a colonial heritage is ever present in the educational system, however it is also constantly changing to adapt to Senegalese preferences and a Senegalese reality. I believe that such a study will contribute to the knowledge of post independence educational systems in West Africa and specifically Senegal.
es. In addition to my research within the school, I also interviewed a few members of educational reform and government organizations. Through my research, I found that a colonial heritage is ever present in the educational system, however it is also constantly changing to adapt to Senegalese preferences and a Senegalese reality. I believe that such a study will contribute to the knowledge of post independence educational systems in West Africa and specifically Senegal
An Investigation of the Integration of Education and Mental Health Treatment into the Care of Diabetes in Syrian Refugee Women
Get PDFDue to the fact that Syrian refugees’ situation subjects them to unusual, acute stresses, health professionals must proactively screen them for mental disorders. Many studies show that the correlation between diabetes and mental illness is very strong, thus treatment of diabetic refugees should consider the mental health of the patient in order to ensure successful management of the disease. Additionally, health education should be emphasized as both a route to successful disease management and a route to overall health literacy that can empower the refugee to make important and efficient decisions about accessing health services. This study examined the integration of education and mental health care into the treatment of diabetic, Syrian refugee women by investigating the content, context, purpose, and actors that contribute to diabetes treatment in Jordan. The methods used were interviews, surveys, and a collection of relevant policy and training documents. The various methods of research found: health education is low among refugees, many doctors are forced to remove education from consultations due to time constraints, mental health issues are systemically separated from diabetes treatment, and doctors do not probe for common symptoms of depression during consultations. While the sample sizes were not large enough to be conclusive in some instances, this qualitative study was effective in outlining the general overview of diabetes treatment in Syrian refugee women