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Los riesgos sobre la salud de los trabajadores inmigrantes bolivianos en los talleres textiles en la Ciudad Autónoma Buenos Aires: las experiencias de los trabajadores de la Cooperativa La Alameda / The health risks of Bolivian immigrant workers in textile workshops in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires: The experiences of workers at cooperative La Alameda
Get PDFLos bolivianos inmigran a Argentina para escapar de la falta de oportunidades laborales y de la pobreza. Sin embargo, una vez en Argentina, su inserción laboral es precaria e informal, principalmente, son contratados en los talleres textiles clandestinos. En éstos , donde la mayoría de ellos también vive, se ven reducidos a condiciones de servidumbre, explotación y son sometidos a condiciones de semi esclavitud, como lo demuestran las 14 a 18 horas de trabajo que realizan los siete días de la semana por sólo alrededor de 3000 pesos argentinos por mes. Además, las condiciones laborales suponen un riesgo para la salud y hace que esta población sea más vulnerable a diversas enfermedades como problemas de postura y estrés crónico, males comunes debido a las largas horas de trabajo. Condiciones de hacinamiento, espacios cerrados sin ventilación y luz solar y la inhalación constante de polvo causan infecciones respiratorias como la tuberculosis, el problema más común. Las barreras, como la falta de cobertura de obra social y pre-paga, exacerban su vulnerabilidad impidiendo su acceso a los servicios de salud para el diagnóstico precoz y el tratamiento de estas enfermedades.
Este trabajo cualitativo usa una combinación de fuentes secundarias y trabajo de campo para analizar los riesgos sobre la salud y las condiciones laborales de los trabajadores inmigrantes bolivianos en los talleres textiles clandestinos de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA). A través de la perspectiva de la epidemiología sociocultural, éste destaca la particular vulnerabilidad social de los inmigrantes bolivianos en CABA, quienes se encuentran trabajando y, la mayor parte del tiempo, viviendo en los talleres textiles clandestinos. Como parte del trabajo de campo, fueron realizadas entrevistas en profundidad con ex-trabajadores de los talleres textiles clandestinos, que, actualmente, trabajan en la Cooperativa La Alameda. A través de las presentaciones de los resultados del trabajo de campo, esta investigación analiza las perspectivas y experiencias de ex-trabajadores con un foco sobre sus observaciones sobre los riesgos, los tipos de enfermedades asociados al trabajo y el acceso a los servicios salud.
Bolivians immigrate to Argentina to escape the lack of job opportunities and poverty. However, once in Argentina, they have to seek precarious and informal job opportunities, mainly in clandestine textile workshops. In these clandestine textile workshops, where most of them also live, they are reduced to servitude, exploitation and are subjected to conditions of semi-slavery. This is demonstrated by the 14 to 18 hours of work for seven days a week for only about 1300 to 3000 Argentine pesos per month.
The labor conditions of clandestine textile workshops pose a serious risk to health, making the workers vulnerable to various illnesses. Posture problems are common due to long hours of work in fixed position where they are hunched over sewing machines for hours. Chronic stress is common due to the long hours of work, constant supervision by the owners of the workshops and the stress of the inconsistency of their salary. The conditions of overcrowding in an enclosed space without ventilation and sunlight and constant inhalation of dust cause respiratory infections, among which tuberculosis is the most common. Furthermore, clandestine textile workshops are in the informal sector, which means the workers do not have access to health coverage through obra social or pre-paga. The lack of health coverage through obra social or pre-paga is a barrier to accessing health care services for early diagnosis and treatment of illnesses contracted at the workshop. Barriers to the access of health services further exacerbate the vulnerability of the Bolivian immigrant workers.
This qualitative research uses a combination of secondary sources and fieldwork to analyze the health risks of working conditions in clandestine textile workshops for Bolivian immigrants, in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (CABA). Through the perspective of socio-cultural epidemiology, this work highlights the particular social vulnerability of Bolivian immigrants in CABA. Most have immigrated to Argentina through criminal mechanisms and are working and living in semi-slavery conditions in the clandestine textile workshops. These conditions make them vulnerable to various diseases, which are exacerbated by barriers to access to health services. For the fieldwork, in-depth interviews were conducted with four Bolivian immigrants who are ex-workers of clandestine textile workshops, and who are currently working at La Alameda Cooperative. Through the presentation of the findings from the fieldwork, this paper analyzes the perspectives and experiences of former clandestine textile workers. The analysis of their perspective will focus on their observations on the health risks, types of diseases associated with work and access to health services
A Preliminary Study of Intergenerational Differences in Masxha Regarding Practice and Attitudes Towards Zulu Traditions During Pregnancy and Birth
Get PDFIn the Zulu culture, several traditions and rituals are practiced during a woman’s pregnancy and perinatal period. However, as urbanization spreads and western influences strengthen, these rituals risk being lost. This project aims to capture existing knowledge of these traditions and to assess the intergenerational changes in practice and attitudes towards practicing the rituals.
Information on Zulu traditions practiced during a woman’s pregnancy and perinatal period was collected through two interviews and a focus group consisting of three elderly women in Masxha, a Black township in KwaZulu-Natal. Following the interviews and focus group, 32 Masxha residents were recruited to complete a survey aimed at understanding intergenerational changes in practice and perception of the importance of the traditions.
For the purpose of this project, participants 18 to 35 were classified as “younger” and those over 35 as “older.” Survey results suggest older Masxha residents believe in the importance of practicing the traditions more than younger residents. Statistical analysis revealed older people are significantly more likely to believe men should not be with a woman while she is giving birth and that a mother must refrain from cooking after she gives birth compared to younger people. Older mothers were also more likely to have practiced the traditions than younger mothers, suggesting a decrease in practice of Zulu traditions. Further study is needed to understand younger people\u27s perceived importance of the traditions and why the practice of the traditions is becoming less common
Bringing Dynamicity to Backward Design
No full textBackward design, though powerful, can easily be construed as a strict and suffocating framework in lesson and curriculum planning. This presentation seeks to offer insight on how to build a process that reconciles top-down thinking, flexibility, and dynamicity with the targeted nature of backward design
Mental CPR: Reviving Your Effective Educator
No full textLesson plans. Meetings. Grading papers. Teaching. So much to do inside and outside the classroom that time for yourself is easily forgotten. This workshop will explore the need for self-care and how it can be used to help prevent burnout and revive your ability to effectively educate
Traditions and Proficiency Abroad - Spain (TAPAS) Program: A High School Study Abroad Program for District 128
Get PDFAs colleges begin to internationalize campuses and global competencies continue to become a demand in the workforce, secondary schools should also aim to internationalize the curriculum and offer international education opportunities to their students. In an effort to do this, I have created the Traditions And Proficiency Abroad - Spain (TAPAS) Program for Community High School District 128 in Illinois. The TAPAS program is a 20-day summer intensive cultural and language immersion program created to maximize learning potential in D128 students. While the program’s focus is on Spanish language and culture education, the orientation and instructional activities have been designed to incorporate ideas from research on student development and global citizenship. With the approval of administrators within D128, this program has the potential to be the most comprehensive international program offered at D128 and could serve as a model to be replicated at other local high schools. Students will not only receive formal instruction in Spanish language and culture, but they will also get the chance to experience a variety of Spanish cities and experience the various sub- cultures within Spain. Upon their return, students will have advanced their language skills and will have a more refined idea of their own identity as a student in today’s globalized society
A Comprehensive Internationalization Analysis of Marlboro College
Get PDFFor institutions of higher education, addressing and assessing global competence has become a priority in recent years. Colleges and universities across the United States and around the world are increasingly preparing students to be responsible and effective global citizens by creating and implementing comprehensive internationalization plans. One popular framework has been created by the American Council on Education, whose target areas include articulated institutional commitment; administrative leadership, structure, and staffing; curriculum, co curriculum, and learning outcomes; faculty policies and practices; student mobility; and collaboration and partnerships (American Council on Education, 2012). Universities have used this framework to assess their campuses’ current initiatives and to create an articulated plan for achieving and measuring outcomes.
Marlboro College, a small four-year liberal arts school in southern Vermont, currently does not have a formal comprehensive internationalization strategy. However, services for international students, mobility opportunities for faculty, staff, and students, and funding opportunities for international initiatives all exist to some degree at Marlboro College. This capstone draws together these international offerings and will discuss the strengths and shortcomings in the current model, analyze newly evolving efforts in the college’s strategy to internationalize, and propose new strategies that will further Marlboro\u27s efforts to brand itself as a globally-minded and diverse community. By fully analyzing Marlboro\u27s current offerings, highlighting the diverse faculty, and identifying key improvements, the college\u27s administrators and new president will be able to put a comprehensive plan into action
BiblioWorks: Advocating For The Creation Of Libraries For Children In Chuquisaca, Bolivia
Get PDFDuring 2015-16, I completed my SIT professional practicum as an intern with BiblioWorks based in the Asheville, North Carolina office. Founded in 2005, the focus of this very small organization has been to provide funding and support for libraries and other educational programs in one part of Bolivia. I am from Bolivia and, prior to my scholarship to study at SIT, had worked with local NGOs. During my on-campus phase, I took a sequence of courses in policy advocacy and thus, along with other assignments, I became BiblioWorks’ US-based resource person working with the Bolivia-based director as the organization began to expand its mission to include advocating for more Bolivian government funding for those libraries and projects. The advocacy process is being implemented in Sucre, Bolivia. This case study documents what we have done and learned in the process
Confidence Through Consultation: Lessons from Northern Ireland\u27s DPP/PCSP Model
Get PDFThis project presents a case study of Northern Ireland’s District Policing Partnership (DPP)/Policing and Community Safety Partnership (PCSP) model. The case study relies on analysis of statues, government reports, public perception surveys, and governing documents, as well as relevant literature and scholarship. Through analysis of its structure, function, and efficacy of the model, key features of the model will be identified. These key features fit into the three conceptually distinct, but functionally inseparable, threads: buy-in, influence, and composition. The ways in which these three threads interact and impact the legitimacy of the model will be explored, as well as how they impact potential adaptation of the model. The paper will conclude with three critical questions that must be considered when attempting to adapt the DPP/PCSP model for use elsewhere
Leadership and Corruption in Governance: A Case Study of Liberia
Get PDFWriters like Mutasa (2009) and Ebegbulem (2012) argues that Africa is both the poorest continent in the world and one of the richest in terms of natural resources. Consistent with this observation the history of Liberia indicates that corrupt leadership deprives the general population of its fair access to Africa’s rich resources while exacerbating ineffective government bureaucracy and underdevelopment. The bureaucratized central government in turn entrenches corrupt practices which give rise to more serious underdevelopment as well as insurgencies and a possible state failure.
Given this background, this study examines how leadership and corruption in governance affects socioeconomic development. To this end it explores the effect of leadership and corruption on development in Liberia. It also identifies possible ways to curb corruption in public office. Relevant review of literature in the field of Peacebuilding and Conflict Transformation along with extensive research into the history of governance in Liberia to develop inclusive appreciation of key elements that hinder development and growth in Africa. This paper employs qualitative analysis of literature to clarify the complexities of the effect of corruption and leadership in development. The United States Agency for International Development Governance and Economic Management Assistance Program (GEMAP) in Liberia is used to develop an understanding of key elements that hinder development and growth. It is hoped that this study will enable program developers and advocates to better understand some of the reasons for the sustained underdevelopment in Africa. It is also hoped that the recommendations will aid decision-makers and legislators in their effort to create more effective development policies and ensure state stability
Un análisis post-colonial: la encarnación de la pérdida histórica en la manifestación de depresión en personas Mapuche en el contexto urbano
No full textEsta investigación buscaba evaluar las manifestaciones cualitativas y simbólicas de la depresión en la población Mapuche de la región de Santiago a través de la aplicación de teoría que aborda del sufrimiento social y la violencia estructural. Métodos etnográficos se fueron utilizados por la realización de observaciones y entrevistas semi-estructuradas con personas involucradas en la comunidad Mapuche y el sistema de salud biomédico en las comunas de La Pintana y Lampa en la Región Metropolitana. Según la cosmovisión Mapuche, la salud tiene base fundamental en la armonización del cuerpo, alma, espíritu y mente de un ser humano con su familia, comunidad y entorno natural. Las presuras socioeconómicas de la migración, la debilidad de la red comunitaria y la falta de terreno en la ciudad han causado la aparición de una depresión, o un desequilibrio, generalizada en todas personas Mapuches. La pérdida de la identidad en un nivel regional amanece el bienestar de la comunidad lo cual es expresada por la creencia que las personas Mapuche quienes niegan su identidad se enferman de esta desarmonización. Estas condiciones no manifiestan en una prevalencia más alta de depresión clínica en la gente Mapuche según las perspectivas individuales de funcionarios de salud mental. En gran parte, la salud mental occidental usa una vista de enfermedad y curación individualista que niega otras epistemologías de salud y los determinantes sociales. El sistema de salud biomédico opera de una manera neo-colonial en como fracaso a tratar o reconocer la depresión en la gente Mapuche migrante que es una forma especifica de sufrimiento social arraigado en la convergencia perjudicial de fuerzas sociales. Mientras la salud biomédica no reconoce suficientemente la cadena de causas que influye cada manifestación de enfermedad, la cosmovisión Mapuche paralela las teorías de la violencia estructural por su reconocimiento fundamental del ámbito natural y social como un determinante social de la salud.
This investigation aimed to evaluate the qualitative and symbolic manifestations of depression in the Mapuche population of the region of Santiago through the application of theory of social suffering and structural violence. Ethnographic methods were used through the process of site observation and the completion of semi-structured interviews with people involved in the Mapuche community or the biomedical health system in the communities of La Pintana and Lampa. According to the Mapuche cosmovision, health is fundamentally based in the harmonization of the body, soul, spirit, and mind of a human beings with their family, community, and natural surroundings. Socioeconomic pressures from migration, the weakening of community networks, and the absence of land in the city has caused the appearance of a perceived generalized depression, an imbalance, in all Mapuche people. The loss of identity on a regional level threatens the wellbeing of the community which is expressed by the belief that Mapuche people who have denied their identity become ill from this imbalance. These conditions do not manifest in an elevated presence of clinical depression in Mapuche people according to the individual perspectives of mental health workers. Largely, occidental mental health uses an individualistic view of illness and curation that denies variant epistemologies of health y the actions of social determinants of health. The biomedical health system operates in neo-colonial manners in how it fails to treat or recognize the depression of Mapuche migrants which is a specific form of social suffering rooted in the detrimental convergence of social forces. While biomedical health does not sufficiently recognize the causal chain that influences each manifestation of illness, the Mapuche cosmovision parallels theories of structural violence by its fundamental recognition of the natural and social environment as a social determinant of health