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Análisis de las políticas públicas de prevención del cáncer de cuello uterino vinculadas al control del virus del papiloma humano (VPH) en Argentina / An Analysis of Argentina’s Public Health Prevention Strategies of Cervical Cancer Related to the Control of the Human Papiloma Virus (HPV)
No full textEl objetivo general de este estudio es analizar las políticas públicas de prevención del cáncer de cuello uterino (CCU) basadas en la incorporación de nuevas tecnologías como el test de VPH (Virus del Papiloma Humano) y la vacuna contra el VPH en Argentina. Los objetivos específicos son 1) describir la implementación del test de VPH y la campaña de vacunación obligatoria contra el VPH como estrategias de prevención primaria del CCU a nivel nacional: 2) identificar los factores que las facilitan y las obstaculizan. El CCU es el segundo cáncer más diagnosticado en las mujeres de Argentina. Desde el año 2008, el Programa Nacional de Prevención Cáncer Cervicouterino (PNPCC) ha implementado nuevas estrategias de prevención como el test de VPH y un horario de tamizajes con el propósito de reducir la incidencia y la mortalidad por CCU en el país. Adicionalmente, en 2011, se implementó otra estrategia sanitaria consistente en la incorporación de la vacuna contra el VPH en el Calendario Nacional de Vacunación (CNV) para niñas de 11años como un método de prevención primaria con el mismo propósito de reducción. Algunos interrogantes de este estudio son: ¿Cómo se implementa el test de VPH como tamizaje primario? ¿Cómo se desarrolla la campaña nacional de vacunación? ¿Cuáles son los factores que contribuyen a una efectiva puesta en marcha de esas estrategias sanitarias? ¿Qué factores facilitan la participación de las mujeres en los programas preventivos? ¿Cuáles son los factores que la dificultan?
El trabajo de campo para la investigación se realizó en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires para obtener perspectivas amplias por parte de los trabajadores de salud. El trabajo se basó en entrevistas con referentes del Programa Nacional de Prevención de CCU, una socióloga especialista en el tema de prevención de cáncer y una pediatra. Fueron elegidas por sus conocimientos sobre las políticas públicas y vinculaciones con su implementación. Se realizaron ocho entrevistas: siete de forma individual y otra de carácter grupal con dos referentes del área de capacitaciones de PNPCC. En su mayoría, fueron entrevistados en ámbitos de trabajo como el Instituto Nacional de Cáncer donde está ubicada el Programa Nacional, y la UBA. Tomaron la forma de entrevistas semiestructuradas con el instrumento de la guía de preguntas. Los ejes de la guía incluyeron: 1) Perfil de cada entrevistado 2) Perfil del área 3) Acciones públicas de la implementación del Programa Nacional de Prevención de CCU y de la implementación de la vacuna contra el VPH, 3) Facilitadores, 4) Obstáculos y 5) Aspectos para mejorar dicha implementación.
La implementación de las nuevas estrategias de las políticas públicas de prevención de CCU está vinculada a la comunicación y organización de los programas. La comunicación entre todos los equipos de trabajo involucrados, entre los equipos y las mujeres, así como entre las propias mujeres, facilitan la difusión y promoción de las técnicas. Sin embargo, las desigualdades del país causan barreras a la propagación de información y conocimientos sobre la importancia de la prevención. Los determinantes sociales, relacionados a desigualdades e inequidades, previenen la recepción y circulación de información. Por ese obstáculo, es importante que exista mucha organización entre los programas para la administración de recursos y de información, articulación de acciones programáticas, capacitación de profesionales de salud, organización de laboratorios, entre otros, para superar los obstáculos y barreras a las implementaciones.
This study is focused on describing the public health policies implemented in Argentina for the prevention of cervical cancer related to the prevalence of the Human Papilloma Virus. The analysis of these new public prevention policies will be completed through an investigation of the facilitators and obstacles of implementation. Cervical Cancer is the second most diagnosed cancer in the women of Argentina. Since 2008 the National Program of Cervical Cancer Prevention has implemented new strategies such as an algorithm of HPV tests and PAP smears with the purpose of reducing the mortality caused by cervical cancer in Argentina. Another public prevention strategy is the inclusion of the HPV vaccine in the National Calendar of Vaccination for 11-year-old girls since 2011. This study will analyze the factors that promote and hinder the implementation of the healthcare initiatives related to cervical cancer prevention.
The fieldwork for the investigation will be carried out in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires to obtain a range of perspectives from healthcare workers. The study will be based on interviews with workers of the National Program of Cervical Cancer Prevention, a sociologist with expertise in the subject of cancer prevention, and a pediatrician. The interviewees were selected based on their knowledge of healthcare policies and relations to the new strategies. Eight interviews were carried out: seven solo interviews and one group interview with two workers from the area of “capacitaciones” of the National Program of Cervical Cancer Prevention. The majority of the interviews were conducted in work environments with the exception of the interview with the pediatrician in her house. An interview guide was used with the questions falling into 5 main categories: the profile of the interviewee, the profile of the area of work, strategies used for the implementation of the public policies, facilitating factors of implementation, barriers to implementation, and ideas of how to improve implementation.
The success in the implementations of the new public health strategies in the prevention of cervical cancer is related to the communication and organization of the programs. The communication between involved workers as a team, between the workers and the women, as well as between the women themselves, facilitates the diffusion and promotion of the new technologies. However the inequalities of the country of Argentina cause barriers to the spread of information and knowledge about the importance of prevention strategies. Social determinants, related to the inequalities and inequities, prevent the acquisition and circulation of information. Because of this obstacle it is important that organization throughout the programs exists. Administration of resources and information, assembling progra
“Mi resistencia me nutre” Las vivencias de mujeres matagalpinas de acoso callejero y sus estrategias de resistencia / My resistance nourishes me The experiences of female street killers of matagalpinas and their strategies of resistance
Get PDFSegún un estudio del Observatorio Contra Acoso Callejero de Matagalpa en 2015, acoso callejero es una experiencia casi universal para las mujeres en Nicaragua—el 96% de las entrevistadas reportaron que lo habían experimentado regularmente. Inmediatamente cuando llegué a Managua, descubrí que no era una excepción, pero la cifra no hizo justicia a lo que experimentaba como violencia descorazonadora. Lo que más me desalentó fue la minimización y normalización con que se encontraron mis expresiones sobre mi frustración. De mi lucha por encontrar estrategias adecuadas de resistencia para proteger mi salud mental y emocional, decidí estudiar las experiencias de acoso callejero y estrategias de resistencia de mujeres matagalpinas. La pregunta que guió mi estudio es la siguiente: ¿cómo ha afectado el acoso callejero así como el proceso de resistencia a las identidades de mujeres matagalpinas, tanto como mujeres y como feministas? Debido al carácter inherentemente experimental del tema, elegí tres estrategias investigativas: investigación de sujetos humanos, que resultó en seis entrevistas personales a mujeres matagalpinas, edades 20-56; investigación académica, basada en teoría feminista interseccional; e investigación creativa-experimental, que resultó en la creación de una “zine,” una revista creativa y hecha a mano, para representar las experiencias y estrategias de resistencia de las entrevistadas en vez de una sección de “Encuentros”. En este ensayo, analizo las maneras en que el acoso callejero está basado en y refuerza una cultura más amplia del machismo a través de la lente de acoso callejero como violencia de género. También deconstruyo la geografía y encarnación de acoso callejero, la performatividad de género implícita en la práctica, y la importancia integral de vocalizar experiencias de acoso callejero, a través del análisis de las estrategias de resistencia de las entrevistadas y presentar tanto el proceso como el producto final de la zine como mi propia forma de resistencia feminista.
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According to a study by the Observatorio Contra Acoso Callejero de Matagalpa in 2015, street harassment is an almost universal experience for women in Nicaragua - 96% of the interviewees reported that they had experienced it regularly. Immediately when I arrived in Managua, I discovered that it was no exception, but the figure did not do justice to what I experienced as heartless violence. What most discouraged me was the minimization and normalization with which my expressions were found about my frustration. From my struggle to find adequate resistance strategies to protect my mental and emotional health, I decided to study the experiences of street harassment and resistance strategies of Matagalpa women. The question that led to my study is: how has street harassment and the process of resistance to the identities of Matagalpa women affected, both as women and as feminists? Due to the inherently experimental nature of the subject, I chose three investigative strategies: human subjects research, which resulted in six personal interviews with Matagalpa women, ages 20-56; Academic research, based on intersectional feminist theory; And creative-experimental research, which resulted in the creation of a zine, a creative and handmade magazine, to represent the experiences and strategies of resistance of the interviewees instead of a section of Meetings . In this essay, I analyze the ways in which street harassment is based on and reinforces a broader culture of machismo through the lens of street harassment as gender violence. I also deconstruct the geography and incarnation of street harassment, the performativity of gender implicit in the practice, and the integral importance of vocalizing experiences of street harassment, through the analysis of the resistance strategies of the interviewees and present both the process and the product End of the zine as my own form of feminist resistance
“It’s Not Important for You to Speak:” The Perception of Purity and Its Power Over Women’s Reproductive and Sexual Health
Get PDFThere is a general silence in both society and academia surrounding women’s health and the social conception of purity. Purity myths and misconceptions have created stigmas that women of all backgrounds must navigate to manage and care for their reproductive and sexual health. This study investigates the importance of purity and how it is used to define, measure, and categorize women’s bodies and behaviors. Women’s perception of purity, specifically in regards to menstruation and pre-marital sex, were investigated using semi-structured interviews in Dehradun, Uttarkhand. This study analyzes how stigmatized conceptions of impurities manifest as silence in society. Data collected from interviews indicates that this silence inhibits women from discussing sexuality and menstruation openly, accessing contraceptives without fear of judgement, and obtaining proper health information. Education and religiousness influence women’s perceptions of pre-marital sex and menstruation, and therefore impact their ability to break this silence. The study finds that the conception of purity is pertinent in Indian society, and suggests that the value placed on virginity has greater health implications regarding the practice of early marriage as a way for family’s to safeguard girls’ sexuality and the family’s honor
Reef fish and coral assemblages on Hospital Point and near Bastimentos Island, Panama
Get PDFBecause worldwide declines coral reef health are of major concern, studying coral reefs through the lens of conservation efforts at local scales is essential for determining and monitoring effective policy measures. In the Bocas del Toro Archipelago, there are conflicts of interest between exploitative rapid tourism development, overfishing practices, and national efforts to conserve the local marine biodiversity. Coral and reef fish species abundance richness, diversity, evenness, and similarity were measured to see how coral and reef fish assemblages changed between protected and unprotected areas. A total of 329 fish and 322.5 square meters of benthos were analyzed using underwater photo and video data along three 30 meter transects in Coral Cay, Hospital Point, and Piña Cay in November 2016. Unprotected sites (Coral Cay and Hospital Point) showed a significantly higher fish abundance and overall higher fish species diversity than the protected site (Piña Cay), however the protected area surveyed had a higher overall benthic macrofauna diversity. All sites were statistically different from each other in major benthic macrofauna categories, including gorgonian, macroalgae, and sand/rubble/pavement cover. There was no clear relationship between the coral cover and fish abundance in sites. Despite establishing statistical significance in some comparisons, all the conclusions were complicated by differences in weather conditions and depth between sites during data collection
MULTI IDENTITY CONFLICT: A CASE STUDY ON SUDANESE REFUGEES AND ASYLUM SEEKERS IN JORDAN
Get PDFThis inquiry was a completed as part of the requirements for earning a master of the arts degree in Peacebuilding and Conflict Transformation for the student William Clifton at SIT Graduate Institute. It was an independent practitioner inquiry based on the methodology of Grounded Theory that utilized qualitative research by way of in depth interviews and a focus group to understand how the identity shaped the experience of Sudanese migrants living in Jordan. In addition to these qualitative methods, a review of the literature was conducted on Sudanese populations in Sudan and in outside communities to help guide the process and provide information to compare as well as information about how these populations were treated by their host countries, with principal emphasis on the country of Jordan. The purpose of the research was to gain better understanding of this under researched minority population, to explore ways that identity conflict can affect them from various ways related to their identities, and to gather information about their level of institutional support and how that can be changed to further contribute to their well-being. The findings indicated that the participants expressed Geographical, Ethnic, and Religious Identities while also experiencing Racial Discrimination and Ascribed Identity. In addition, the participants expressed their reasons for coming to Jordan, described their livelihoods and institutional support. The author than wrote a 9 track diplomacy plan as a type of holistic intervention to serve the needs of that population
Peer Advising 101: A Training Workshop For Peer Advisors In Study Abroad
Get PDFPeer advising and peer education programs have been prevalent in all areas of higher education. Recently, there has been growth in peer advising programs in study abroad offices to address the gap between student advising needs and the time constraints of professional staff. While initially intended to take pressure off understaffed offices, other benefits emerged from the use of students as paraprofessionals. Peer advisors were able to encourage students to go abroad, as well as provide valuable insider information about specific programs. While a lot has been written on the topic of peer education in other areas of higher education, there is limited research into adapting peer advising for study abroad offices.
The Office of Cross-Cultural Programs (OCCP) at Susquehanna University (SU) employs over ten student workers every semester to advise and assist fellow students through their study away process. SU is a small liberal arts college in central Pennsylvania that requires all students to participate in a cross-cultural experience, at least two weeks in length. The peer advising program at the OCCP supports students in selecting and participating in their program of choice through advising, workshop facilitation, and assisting the OCCP with standard office tasks.
The literature has shown that the key to a successful peer advising programs is selection and training. This capstone paper outlines a comprehensive two-day training for peer advisors in the OCCP focused on advising techniques, OCCP policies and procedure, study abroad programs, and workshop design. The workshop, known as Peer Advising 101, is based on research about peer advising and peer education programs in higher education, as well as in study abroad specifically. Peer Advising 101 is designed based on several needs assessments from peer advisors and students who interact with peer advisors
Gender-Neutral Pronouns: An Exploration of Language as Power
No full textLanguage is power. Gender related language is power. This presentation explores the three main components of this statement including the gender spectrum, grammar, and social justice. Together we will deconstruct the assumptions we make about others, their gender, and their preferred gender pronouns
Internationalization in American Legal Education: A Short-term Embedded Study Abroad program for University of Connecticut Law Students
Get PDFIt has been noted by many legal education professionals that, although legal education in the U.S. is good at development of analytical skills through its case system, it still lags behind in the development of professional integrity and ethical values. Due to an increase in globalization in most areas of American life, even if students do not choose to work in international companies and organizations, their work will require communicating in an intercultural setting. It is no longer enough for law school graduates to just be able to solve problems effectively. They need to be effective at communicating with people from different and cultures, situations very common for many legal professionals. Intercultural competence is becoming more and more necessary even for those who will work domestically, due to the increasing diversity of the American population.
This program explores one of the ways to provide law students with necessary intercultural training at an early stage of their education. The program is an addition to one of the mandatory first-year courses that examines the nature of legal practice and its components – interviewing, counseling, and negotiating. A study abroad short-term program is added to the course and offers its participants the opportunity to explore intercultural aspects of these processes through a series of seminars and a short-term trip to China. Students will focus on cultural values frameworks and learn to navigate cultural differences in the legal setting
The Impact of Study Abroad on Post-graduation Job Search
Get PDFFollowing the tradition of a case study, this capstone research investigates the experience of recent graduates of the City University of New York (CUNY) who participated in study abroad programs managed by the College of Staten Island (CSI) between Fall 2010 and Summer 2015 and examines their perceptions of the post-graduation job search process. The data was collected through an online survey of 72 CUNY graduates and interviews with four survey respondents.
The research findings did not show that the employment rate of CUNY study abroad alumni were any better or worse than others. However, many alumni believed that their international experience helped or could help them to land a job regardless of the professions they were pursuing. The research results also suggest that CUNY study abroad alumni thought that “soft skills” such as communication skills, ability to work with others, problem-solving skills, adaptability, maturity, flexibility, independence, open-mindedness, motivation, and self-awareness gained through study abroad experience, rather than technical skills and knowledge such as language skills or academic and professional knowledge, helped them to get a job. They also felt that study abroad added a unique value to their resumes.
The findings from this research support results from similar studies, which have been done in different institutional or cultural contexts in the past about the professional impact of the study abroad experience. It offers ideas for study abroad programming and advisement, as well as career advisement, so students can more efficiently gain those skills which can help them become more marketable job seekers and effectively use study abroad experience as a tool for career development
Explore Ecuador: A Road Scholar Intergenerational Program Proposal
Get PDFThe world is aging! Older Americans make up the fastest growing segment of the population. The aging population is rapidly increasing and according to the U.S. Census, the U.S. population age 65 and over is expected to double in size within the next 25 years. By 2030, almost 1-out-of-5 Americans, some 72 million people will be age 65 or older (U.S. Census, 2006). The growth in this population will ultimately cause a greater gap between generation at the opposite end of the human lifespan, the young and old. This capstone introduces a new Road Scholar Intergenerational program that addresses this growing population. Explore Ecuador is a proposal program for Road Scholar the not- for- profit organization that provides educational travel experiences to adult participants aged 50+. The goal of the program aims to bridge the gap between generations while gaining cross-cultural skills and a global perspective. The program is designed to study the Spanish language while exploring the rich cultural history of Ecuador from the Andes to the Coast