8411 research outputs found
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Salud callejera: La Atención Primaria de Salud en los márgenes de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires Redes de cuidado de una organización de la Sociedad Civil para personas en situación de calle / Street health: Primary Care in the margins of the Ciudad de Buenos Aires Care networks of a Civil Society organization for individuals experiencing homelessness
No full textEn 2017, unos 4.393 individuos pernoctaron en las calles de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA). Sin una vivienda segura, las personas en situación de calle (PSC) padecen tasas más elevadas de traumatismos, enfermedades transmisibles y crónicas y síntomas de depresión. No obstante, dos terceras partes de las PSC no realizan controles anuales de salud, con la mayoría solo atendiéndose en la guardia cuando se vuelve grave su condición. Frente a brechas percibidas en servicios estatales, se plantea indagar en las acciones de cuidado de redes de la Sociedad Civil (SC) para abordar las necesidades sanitarias de las PSC en CABA y facilitar su acceso a la Atención Primaria de Salud (APS). Se realizaron entrevistas con una integrante y usuarias de la organización socio-civil, SUMAR Solidario, cuatro proveedores de salud y una asistente social del gobierno de la ciudad, además de observaciones de campo. Para proteger a los sujetos vulnerables, se adoptaron medidas metodológicas acerca del comportamiento del investigador y las identidades de los participantes. Se analizan los resultados mediante un esquema temático por efectores de servicios y multinivel por dimensiones de cuidado, subrayando: una estructura tutelar de los programas estatales en la que los destinarios ocupan un rol pasivo frente una oferta inadecuada de asistencia; una paradoja entre intentos programáticos inclusivos y prácticas organizacionales expulsivas del sistema público de salud; acciones de empoderamiento mediante redes informales y vínculos subjetivos de SUMAR y un proceso de fomentar el autocuidado entre pares. Para concluir, se discute la falta de articulación formal entre el Estado y la SC, además del rol potencial de cercanía de la última en las políticas públicas de salud.
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On any given night in 2017, an estimated 4,393 individuals slept on the streets of the Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA). Without secure housing, individuals experiencing homelessness (PSC) suffer elevated rates of physical trauma, transmissible and chronic diseases, and symptoms of depression. Nevertheless, two-thirds of PSC do not realize annual health consults, with the majority solely accessing the emergency department when their conditions severely worsen. This study investigates the actions of Civil Society (SC) networks in confronting perceived gaps in state services to address the specific health needs of PSC in CABA and facilitate access to primary care. Interviews with a member and users of the non-governmental organization, SUMAR Solidario, four health professionals, and a municipal social service worker, as well as field observations, are conducted. In order to protect vulnerable subjects, methods are adopted concerning both the investigator’s comportment and participants’ identities. Results are analyzed thematically by service providers and multi-layered by dimensions of care, ultimately suggesting: a tutelary structure in state programs, in which beneficiaries occupy a passive role in the receipt of inadequate assistance; a paradox between inclusive programmatic intents and expulsive organizational practices of the public health system; actions of empowerment through informal networks and affective links of SUMAR; and a process of reinforcing strategies of peer self-care. To conclude, the lack of formal articulation between the State and SC is discussed, as well as the latter’s potential role of proximity in public health politics
La influencia del neoliberalismo sobre las ideas de lo “natural”: un análisis de las ideas de la naturaleza en urbanizaciones cerradas y grupos subalternos en Tigre / The influence of neoliberalism on ideas of what is “natural”: an analysis of ideas of nature in closed-gated and marginalized communities in Tigre
Get PDFSince the 1970s, there has been a global increase in neoliberal policy and ideology, marked by privatization, deregulation, and the withdrawal of the state from social programs (Harvey 2005: 2-3). Neoliberalism has manifested itself in Argentina in various forms, notably in the rise of closed-gated neighborhoods. In Tigre, a northern suburb of Buenos Aires, real estate developers fill in wetlands and re-route river tributaries to construct closed-gated neighborhoods around artificial water bodies to create an idealized neighborhood that offers residents a life in contact with “nature”. Seeking to accumulate capital, real estate developers commodify and construct a specific form of nature in order acquire the maximum value for properties.
In this paper, I will demonstrate how the closed-gated neighborhoods in Tigre are a manifestation of neoliberalism with adverse environmental, social and cultural consequences and I will investigate in greater depth the contrasting ways in which real estate developers and marginalized groups consider natural
Consciente o Inconsciente: El Rol de la Educación en la Formación de una Conciencia Social y Colectiva en la Juventud Chilena / Conscious or unconscious: the role of Education in Forming a Social and Collective Awareness in Chilean Youth
No full textEsta investigación explorará la formación de una conciencia social y colectiva en la juventud chilena y los distintas causas que contribuyen a su creación como los es la educación. En la última década se ha visto el surgir de una multitud de movilizaciones estudiantiles y ferviente espíritu militante que llaman a investigar, que impulsa de forma individual y colectiva a que uno tome conciencia y se movilice. Es por eso que este estudio observó tres clases de historia además de entrevistar a nueve estudiantes y 3 docentes en liceos históricos y/o emblemáticos en la comuna de Santiago y técnico en Valparaíso que sobresalen en las movilizaciones. Lxs estudiantes declaran en general que el actual sistema educativo por sus valores neoliberales, falla en formar un pueblo chileno con agentes sociales críticos y activos. Sin embargo, estxs estudiantes muestran un alto nivel de consciencia social que emerge a causa de sus experiencias dentro de sus respectivos liceos. Los hallazgos señalan la importancia de la diversidad especialmente socioeconómica, del enseñar para él ahora con el contextualizar de los contenidos y del apoyo institucional como puntos catalizadores en la concientización.
Ser joven y no ser revolucionario es una contradicción hasta biológica
- Salvador Allende
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This research will explore the formation of a social and collective consciousness in Chilean youth and the different causes that contribute to its creation, such as education. In the last decade we have seen the emergence of a multitude of student mobilizations and fervent militant spirit that call for research, which drives individually and collectively to become aware and mobilize. That is why this study observed three kinds of history in addition to interviewing nine students and 3 teachers in historical and / or emblematic high schools in the Santiago district and technician in Valparaíso that excel in the mobilizations. The students declare in general that the current educational system, due to its neoliberal values, fails to form a Chilean people with critical and active social agents. However, these students show a high level of social awareness that emerges because of their experiences within their respective lyceums. The findings point to the importance of especially socioeconomic diversity, of teaching for him now with the contextualization of contents and institutional support as catalytic points in awareness.
Being young and not being revolutionary is a biological contradiction
- Salvador Allend
Blooming Mountains of Biodiversity: An Investigation of Angiosperms on Cerro Mayordomo, Tungurahua, Ecuador
Get PDFEcuador is one of the most biodiverse places on the planet, and many of the species in the region are found nowhere else in the world. The cloud forest is particularly diverse because the mountainous terrain isolates populations and changes in elevation create a wide variety of habitats. Cerro Mayordomo is a relatively unexplored mountain in the cloud forest of Tungurahua, Ecuador. It is known to have very high levels of endemism and several new species have been discovered there, but the biodiversity of angiosperms on the mountain has never been quantified. In this study, 5x5 m quadrants were established on 3 transects at varying altitudes. Trees and orchids from these quadrants were collected and characterized. A total 35 tree morphospecies from at least 13 families were collected, along with 11 orchid morphospecies from 8 genera. Estimated tree and orchid species diversity decreased with altitude, but observed diversity for orchids was highest at the highest altitude plots. There was no orchid species overlap between altitudes, and very little tree overlap as well. There was also no significant correlation was found between altitude, canopy cover, DBH, or orchid-tree interactions. This study provides the first baseline measure of angiosperm biodiversity on Cerro Mayordomo. Many interesting species were encountered, including a Maxillaria species that has not yet been published and a Stelis species that has not been previously described on Mayordomo.
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Ecuador es uno de los lugares más biodiversos del mundo, y muchas especias de Ecuador no existen en cualquier otro lugar. El bosque nublado es especialmente diverso porque las montañas aíslan poblaciones y elevaciones diferentes crean una variedad de hábitats. Cerro Mayordomo es una montaña relativamente inexplorada en el bosque nublado de Tungurahua, Ecuador. Tiene niveles muy altos de endemismo, y algunas especies nuevas fueron descubiertas allá, pero la biodiversidad de angiospermas nunca ha sido cuantificado. En este estudio, cuadrantes de 5 por 5 metros eran establecidos en 3 transectos en altitudes diferentes. Arboles y orquídeas de los cuadrantes eran colectados y caracterizados. Un total de 35 morphoespecies de 13 familias de arboles y 11 morphoespecies de 8 generos de orquídeas eran coleccionadas. La diversidad estimada de arboles y orquídeas disminuye con altitud, pero diversidad observada de orquídeas fue más alta en el transecto más alto. No había repetición de las mismas especies de orquídeas en transectos diferentes, y muy poco repetición de arboles en transectos diferentes. También no había correlación significativa entre altitud, cobertura del dosel, DAP, o interacciones entre arboles y orquídeas. Este estudio forma el primer base de entendimiento sobre biodiversidad de angiospermas en Cerro Mayordomo. Encontraba muchas especies interesantes, incluso una Maxillaria no publicado y un Stelis no encontrado antes en Cerro Mayordomo
Land-use and Land-ownership changes in Usoma Village, Kenya
Get PDFThis study attempted to find out how land-use activities and land-ownership patterns have changed since land adjudication in Usoma Village, a peri-urban community on the fringe of Kisumu City. The methods used were photo-observation and geo-tagging based on walkabouts onsite, documentary analysis of maps obtained from the Ministry of Lands, interviews with key authority figures, independent experts and community leaders, and interviews as well as focus-group discussions with community members. In terms of land ownership, it was found that subdivisions of land, both formal and informal, had been common over the period. Land transfers based on compulsory acquisition and investment demand were also common. These transfers occurred both within and outside the formal system. In terms of land use, it was found that subsistence-generating activities like fishing and farming have decreased, while cash-generating activities like sand mining and construction of rental housing have increased. The reasons for these land-use and land-ownership changes were discussed, along with their connections to urbanization processes. It was shown that urbanization in Usoma manifests as a shift from subsistence-sustaining to cash-generating activity, along with trends of population densification, state-led development, and the rise of land as commodity and sand as resource. In summary, it can be said that market forces have promoted speculative urban aspirations without providing sustainable urban livelihoods in Usoma
Sans-Papiers, Sans-Santé: A Study of Undocumented Migrant Women’s Access to Reproductive and Obstetric Health Care in Switzerland
No full textIn recent years, Switzerland has seen increasing numbers of foreign-born residents, making it one of the many countries affected by the European Migrant Crisis. Of these newly-settled migrants, many live in the country illegally, otherwise known as undocumented migrants or “Sans-Papiers.” While Switzerland grants its Sans-Papiers population a right to health, thus making medical insurance and care legal for the undocumented community, many still see increased adverse health outcomes among the population. As more than half of the Sans-Papiers living in Switzerland are female, women are therefore increasingly at risk for worse reproductive and obstetric health. This study sought to explore how undocumented women navigate the Swiss health care system, especially in terms of gynecological and obstetric services, and what barriers to care prevent them from seeking help. Specifically, access to contraceptives, abortion, STI care, prenatal and labor & delivery care, and preventive screenings were examined to determine their accessibility amongst the undocumented population. Further analysis found that fear and embarrassment within the medical system, high costs of insurance and medical services, language barriers, lack of communication and information, and discrimination all prevented women from seeking necessary care. Though Switzerland grants its undocumented population the right to insurance and care, it maintains many barriers to care that prevent Sans-Papiers women from seeking necessary reproductive and obstetric health care
Corruption Devolved: People’s Perceptions on Devolutions Impact on Transparency, Accountability and Service Delivery by the Government of Kisumu County, Kenya
Get PDFIn 2010, Kenya introduced a new constitution and with it the introduction of the concept of a decentralized government. The devolved system of government was implemented in 2013 and granted each of the 47 counties in Kenya, such as Kisumu County, greater autonomy, resources and ability to serve its people. This study aims to compile a thorough understanding of people’s perception on how devolution has impacted transparency, accountability and service delivery of the government of Kisumu County, Kenya within its five years.
The study is comprised of a series of interviews on the premises of the Kisumu County Assembly with members of Kisumu County’s legislature as well as focus groups discussions in each of its seven sub counties. The study elucidates that although government leaders and citizens have a mutual understanding of the needs of Kisumu County there is still a large disconnect in expectations from citizens and representatives toward how to solve them. The study also reveals that many of the forms of communication government leaders rely on to disseminate information to their constituencies are not the most convenient or preferred methods for citizens. Above all, this study shows that all constituents and government leaders believe corruption is a big issue in Kenya, one that takes many more mechanisms than devolution alone, such as civic education and responsible governance, to eradicate. Ultimately, it is concluded that devolution has been an unprecedented tool in granting services to Kisumu County’s people. There are, however, still many more ways its structures and practices must be improved before it reaches its full potential
Informally Shaping a Child\u27s Mind Around Genocide Within Rwandan Families
Get PDFWhile policy and education are subject to change from research oriented projects, my research rather drives to understand and record how caregivers portrayed their own, others, and their country’s past to the next generation. The informal aspects of family structures, while highly influential, are difficult to navigate and track, and this research endeavors to unveil some of the hidden trends that are throughout Rwandan families with children born after the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi. The generation that has matured in the aftermath of the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsis in Rwanda have faced many challenges that few outside of Rwanda can fully appreciate.
The developing years in a child’s life can be challenging enough, but growing up in a post-genocide society possesses its own complications. This study explores how this past generation of survivors, perpetrators, returnees, and other Rwandan citizens face the essential act of parenting. Understanding how, when, and by whom important conversations about Rwanda’s history are initiated provides insight into the inner workings of Rwandan families. The initial exposure to difficult subject matter, especially genocide, makes an impression on young minds that can last a lifetime. It’s not only the parent’s answers, but the child’s questions that can provide a window to how the post-genocide society is coping through a child’s perspective
A Tale of Two Ṭuruq: An Exploration of Sufism in Morocco through the Qādiriyya Budshishiyya and Tijāniyya
Get PDFThe purpose of this ISP is to explore the relationship between the esoteric dimensions of Islam in Morocco, as expressed through two examples ṭuruq: the Qādiriyya Budshishiyya and Tijāniyya in Morocco to explore power dynamics of Sufi ṭuruq in Morocco. The Qādiriyya Budshishiyya and Tijāniyya serve as apt case studies as two of the most prominent Sufi ṭuruq in Morocco. They also have interesting implications as the Qādiriyya Budshishiyya has in recent years seen an increase in clout and influence in Morocco as Ahmad Tawfiq, the Moroccan Minister for Habus and Islamic Affairs has affiliations with the ṭarīqah and the Tijāniyya has been utilized as well in recent years as a means to strengthen relations with other African countries via means of spirituality. Within the ISP, I will explore my own academic background in the field of religious studies; background contextualization of Islam in Morocco, Sufism, and Sufism in Morocco – more specifically in terms of the Qādiriyya Budshishiyya and Tijāniyya, through a series of literary research; the interviews and anonymous surveys that I conducted during my time in Morocco; and re-contextualize everything through my own framework and positionality in terms of methodology and conclusions drawn
Women in Parliament: A Study of Issue-Specific Female Coalition Building in Morocco
Get PDFCurrently, 81 out of 395 members of the House of Representatives, Morocco’s lower chamber of Parliament, are women. In other words, roughly 20.5% of the representatives are women. For comparison\u27s sake, the world average is 23.8%.1 Morocco is near the world average in terms of representation, but what does female representation accomplish? Are the women in parliament effective at representing Moroccan women, their rights, and their concerns? This paper explores the concept of female parliamentarians as substantive representatives of female citizens. Specifically, this paper examines if female members of parliament (MPs) form coalitions around issues that are specific to women, such as women’s political representation and violence against women. This paper also investigates the various reasons that women do not work across party lines despite pressure from civil society and the women’s movement