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Introducing a Point-of-Care Tool to Teach Health Science Students about Social Determinants of Health
Full text linkBackground
Social determinants of health (SDoH) are recognized as modifiable drivers of optimal health and an opportunity to achieve health equity, yet many clinicians still experience barriers to addressing their patients’ social needs. To help connect patients to supportive resources, the American Academy of Family Physicians developed the Neighborhood Navigator (NN) tool. This study examined the impact of incorporating the NN tool into SDoH education for medical and pharmacy students and examined their perceptions of the tool.
Methods
This prospective study of third- and fourth-year medical and PharmD students included assessments before and after an SDoH learning activity. The survey assessment queried attitudes and knowledge of SDoH and the NN tool. Pre- vs post-lecture responses were compared.
Results
After the learning activity, the responses to the following statement changed significantly: “I have a comprehensive understanding of SDoH.”
Conclusion
Familiarizing clinicians with the NN tool should increase confidence in navigating SDoH and can be accomplished with straightforward instruction early in training
Scorpions of the Horn of Africa (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Part XXXV. \u3ci\u3eParabuthus starhai\u3c/i\u3e sp. n. from Somalia (Puntland) (Buthidae)
Full text linkA new species Parabuthus starhai sp. n. from Somalia (Puntland) is described. Combination of two characters, pectine teeth number 56–59 in both sexes and pedipalp chela length/ width ratio 3.65 in male and 5.47 in female differ P. starhai sp. n. from all other species in the region. Included is also a map of distribution of Parabuthus species in the Horn of Africa
Integrating Positive Psychology and Spirituality to Foster Meaning and Well-Being in Older Adults
Full text linkThis perspective article explores the integration of positive psychology interventions (PPIs) and spirituality in therapy to foster meaning and well-being in older adults. It highlights exercises such as the positive introduction, positive legacy, character strengths, mindfulness, mindful-based yoga, and a manifestation prayer journaling. The interventions presented are tools to support older adults that may experience depression, difficult life transitions, and the search for renewed meaning. Therapists who integrate PPIs and spirituality into therapy can promote a holistic, non-pathological approach to treatment
The Canadian Press Views the 1908 American Presidential Election
Full text linkHow many people appreciate the tragedy of the defeat of Mr. Bryan, asked the anti-Bryan Toronto World on 5 November 1908. This expression of sympathy for the Great Commoner\u27s defeat by Republican candidate William Howard Taft, represented the opinion of a minority of the Canadian press. Newspapers representing western agrarian progressives, trade unions, militant Protestant nativists, independent reformers, and social reform Liberals regretted Bryan\u27s defeat since he symbolized reform that might creep across the 49th parallel. If Bryan\u27s third defeat did not prompt the majority of Canadian editors to dance in the streets it did prompt them to raise their editorial voices in jubilation at the downfall of the Nebraskan. Members of Canada\u27s financial elite and the sympathetic Liberal and Conservative Party press welcomed the election of the safe, sane, and conservative Taft. Most Canadian editors viewed Bryan as a fickle peddler of social panaceas and quack remedies for American social and economic problems. While critical of Bryan\u27s policies, like the radical guarantee of bank deposits, the anti-Bryan Canadian press emphasized a distinction between Bryan, the politician, they despised, and Bryan, the man, they admired for his sincerity, integrity, and morality
West Virginia Activist Archive Poster - Shelly Gaines
Full text linkA poster showcasing rural activist Shelly Gaines who worked on girls resiliency programs.https://mds.marshall.edu/wvactivists_socialchange/1001/thumbnail.jp
An ounce of prevention: counselor and health teacher perception on substance-abuse prevention curricular effectiveness
Full text linkThis study examined middle and high school health teachers’ and counselors’ perceptions of the effectiveness of skills-based substance use prevention curricula as a means of reducing the prevalence of student substance use/abuse. A mixed-methods, nonexperimental research design was incorporated to discern these teachers’ and counselors’ views on the extent to which students were able to acquire specific alcohol and other drug (AOD) refusal skills after their participation in a skills-based drug prevention education curriculum. These skills were identified and approved by the Ohio Association for Health and Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance.
Analysis of the collected data using SPSS v29 and Otter AI v3.0.0 indicated that middle and high school health teachers were more directly involved with the delivery of prevention education than middle and high school counselors. Both health teachers and counselors believed that communication, advocacy and decision-making skills were important for effective prevention education but struggled to find the time and resources to address these skills with students.
Both health teachers and counselors believed that prevention education should be introduced in middle school, and that lack of state health education standards and the continuity of such standards from middle school to high school were hurdles for all health teachers
20250313: Swag and Giveaways Collection, 2005-2015
Full text linkThese items include materials from the various organizations that would have provided physical ephemera or materials about Marshall University, Marshall\u27s 50th anniversary as a university, Bucks for Brains paperweight, and stemless wine glasses branded with the Marshall logo. This is not an exhaustive list. Please download the finding aid for a full list of contents
Forearm Muscle Alterations During Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction
Full text linkBackground: This study evaluated the relationship between grip strength and forearm skeletal muscle architecture during maximal grip contractions. Grip strength is a gauge for many different health related attributes, yet research on muscle architecture has been primarily completed in lower limb studies. This study aims to develop a better understanding of how biomechanical architecture of muscle operates to produce force during maximal isometric contractions of the forearms.
Methods: Sixteen individuals participated in this investigation (12 males, 4 females, mean age: 20.6 ± 2.5 years, mean height: 177.8 ± 8.3cm, mean weight: 79.2 ± 17.6Kg). Participants tested grip strength by performing maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) using a Jamar Hand Dynamometer (Lafayette Instruments, Lafayette, IN, USA) in a narrow (position 2) and a wide (position 3) setting. Longitudinal and transverse ultrasound images were captured on participants’ right and left extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) muscle at rest and during MVIC. Muscle architecture was assessed by anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSA), muscle thickness (MT), and pennation angle (PA). All participants provided written informed consent before testing; the project was approved by the Marshall University Institutional Review Board (IRBnet#2113986).
Results: All data is presented as mean ± standard deviation. Grip strength was greater in the wide position (43.1 ± 9.8Kg) than the narrow position (42.1 ± 10.0Kg) but did not reach statistical significance (p=0.509). Anatomical Cross-Sectional Area increased with muscle contraction in both wide (32.9 ± 23.6cm2, p \u3c 0.001) and narrow positions (26.9 ± 27.3cm2, p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in ACSA change between the narrow and wide grip during MVIC (6.0 ± 23.2 cm2, p = 0.317). Muscle thickness increased in the wide (0.81 ± 0.8cm, p \u3c 0.001) and narrow (0.24 ± 0.6cm, p = 0.111) positions, but the increase in the narrow position did not reach statistical significance. There was a significant difference in MT change between the narrow and wide grip during MVIC (0.56 ± 0.59cm, p \u3c 0.001). Pennation angle increased during muscle contraction in the narrow (3.1 ± 2.6°, p \u3c 0.001) and the wide position (2.6 ± 2.5°, p \u3c 0.001). There was no significant difference in PA change between the narrow and wide grip during MVIC (0.53 ± 3.4°, p = 0.540).
Conclusion: Results suggest that a greater muscle length in the wide grip position contributes to a less complainant tendon, lessening the change in muscular pennation angle as opposed to the narrow position. This may result in alterations in force production based on fiber architecture and arrangement.
Keywords: Muscle Architecture, MVIC, Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus, Pennation Angle, Anatomical Cross-Sectional Area, Muscle Thicknes