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High-Resolution Surface Inspection In Restricted Spaces: A Confocal Chromatic Solution
No full textThe physical and mechanical properties of manufactured surfaces play a crucial role in determining the performance of machine components. Surface roughness is a key indicator of surface quality and significantly affects machine parts and product functionality. Despite advanced real-time, high-resolution profile measurements, confocal chromatic sensors remain limited in inspecting areas with restricted reflective spaces. This work introduces a confocal chromatic measurement system to inspect surface roughness within confined small-bore fittings. The system incorporates median and Gaussian filters alongside a characterization stage that computes nineteen parameters for comprehensive surface analysis. The proposed system was validated using Flexbar’s Surface Roughness Standards Set calibration plate and as-machined, post-machined, and rejected small-bore fittings. Notably, statistical moments, peak prominence, the autocorrelation function, and the total power percentage between 100 and 150 Hz were found to be particularly effective for surface roughness characterization and estimation. Four inspection models were developed and evaluated. The mathematical equations, R2 values, norms of residuals, and average errors for Ra estimation were presented for each model. Three of the models demonstrated an error of less than 10% in Ra estimation for surfaces with an Ra value of 0.1 µm or lower
Language Diversity, Social Trust, and Corporate Environmental Performance
No full textWe examine the impact of regional language diversity on corporate environmental performance. identifying a significant negative relationship. Our findings remain robust after addressing endogeneity concerns using strategies such as multiple fixed effects model, PSM and controlling for omitted variables. Leveraging manually collected data on China\u27s clans and genealogies, we construct a unique instrumental variable for language diversity, further confirming our results. Additional analysis shows that the negative impact is stronger in regions with lower marketization and for firms with poor audit quality. Mechanism tests suggest that language diversity erodes social trust, a vital component of social capital, thereby weakening corporate environmental commitments. These findings highlight the challenges of enhancing environmental performance in linguistically diverse regions and underscore the importance of social trust in driving environmental protection
The Performance of Artificial Intelligence in Lesson Plans
No full textAs a future teacher, I have recently observed the rapid growth of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education. Many of the classes in my teacher education program have encouraged me to use AI as a tool for creating lesson plans. In schools, I have noticed an increased expectation from administrators that teachers use AI in the classroom. After experimenting with various Artificial Intelligence generators, I became interested in whether these tools could create a better lesson plan than myself. Determining AI’s capability may benefit teachers by allowing them to spend less time on creating lesson plans and more time on other activities in the classroom.
The goal of this project is to determine whether various Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools are capable of creating a lesson plan that meets standard requirements for classroom teachers. It will also compare AI-created lesson plans to a human-created lesson plan. This will be measured using an existing college-level rubric. My research questions for this study are: 1. How do AI-generated lesson plans from different sources compare to each other and to human-made lesson plans when evaluated using the same college-level rubric? 2. Will AI-generated lesson plans meet the requirements of a rubric for a college-level class
User Interface For Custom Car Infotainment Systems
No full textThe infotainment system is often considered one of the most functional and luxurious aspects of modern cars, containing functions that are useful to drivers in ways that range from convenient to safety-enhancing. However, modern infotainment systems can have some drawbacks such as making it more difficult to repair the vehicles they are in, helping to artificially limit the lifespan of the vehicles they are in, and not being present in most vehicles more than 15 years old. The software described in this paper, OpenQarUI, seeks to be a part of a solution to these problems. It is a piece of software designed to serve as the frontend for custom DIY car infotainment systems made with single-board computers running Linux. Developed in C++ with the Qt GUI library, it aims to be a modern, lightweight, powerful and distro-agnostic solution that improves on the faults of its competitors
Understanding Tap as a Narrative Form
No full textI will be researching tap dancing as narrative form. As a tap teacher and member of the dance community, I feel pulled to learn about tap as a narrative form to educated myself and my students, and to inspire my choreography. I will support my research on tap as a narrative form by looking at tap history, technique, and pull from personal experience. As well as writing a research paper, I will create a piece of choreography to showcase my research. The paper and choreographed piece will work adjacently to emphasize the things I learn about tap as a narrative form. This process will make me a better dancer, teacher, and person
Morphology and Synaptic Connections of a T7 Bipolar Cell in Mouse Retina
No full textThis project will aim to identify ribbon outputs and post-synaptic partners of type 7 bipolar cells in a mouse retina. Using the software WebKnossos, a three-dimensional skeleton of three to four type 7 bipolar cells will be traced. Ribbon synapses will then be located along the cells\u27 axon terminals, and the types of cells that are receiving the synaptic output will be identified. The goal of this project is to provide a better understanding of how type 7 bipolar cells interact with other neurons in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) of the retina
Amicus brief in support of ROSS Intelligence in ROSS Intelligence v. Thomson Reuters
No full textThis amici curiae brief, filed in Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH and West Publishing Corp. v. ROSS Intelligence Inc. before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, argues that Thomson Reuters failed to state a viable claim for copyright infringement against ROSS Intelligence. The amici—law professors specializing in copyright and technology—contend that Westlaw’s headnotes are uncopyrightable factual summaries of judicial opinions and that the West Key Number System has long been in the public domain. The brief distinguishes between AI “pretraining” and “fine-tuning,” emphasizing that ROSS’s fine-tuning process relied on expert-created materials rather than wholesale copying. It cautions that accepting Thomson Reuters’s theory would imperil ordinary legal research and innovation in AI development. Finally, it rejects emerging “dilution” theories of copyright infringement, asserting that market competition from non-infringing AI outputs is not actionable under established copyright principles
Faculty Senate Chronicle September 4, 2025
No full textMinutes for the regular meeting of The University of Akron Faculty Senate on September 4, 202
Swimmer-Types of Optimum Surface-Driven Active Particles
No full textAn optimal microswimmer with a given geometry has a surface velocity profile that minimises energy dissipation for a given swimming speed. An axisymmetric swimmer can be puller-, pusher- or neutral-type depending on the sign of the stresslet strength. We numerically investigate the type of optimal surface-driven active microswimmers using a minimum dissipation theorem for optimum microswimmers. We examine the hydrodynamic resistance and stresslet strength with nonlinear dependence on various deformation modes. Optimum microswimmers with fore-and-aft symmetry exhibit neutral-type behaviour. Asymmetrical geometries exhibit pusher-, puller- or neutral-type behaviour, depending on the dominant deformation mode and the nonlinear dependence of the stresslet for an optimum microswimmer on deformation mode and amplitude
Amish \u3cem\u3eShwitzer\u3c/em\u3e: An Old Order Contact Language
Full text linkThere is relatively little linguistic research on the language spoken by the Swiss Amish community of Adams County, IN. The language is remarkable for various reasons. First, it is a kind of a mixed language with closely related parental languages which has so far not been found elsewhere in the languages of the world. Second, it is an example of a complex linguistic inner-Amish separation. While the convergence of Amish Shwitzer towards Pennsylvania Dutch grammar is caused by intense contact between Swiss and Pennsylvania Dutch-speaking Amish, the retention of Bernese German features inherited by the ancestors of the modern-day Swiss Amish prevents the two languages, Amish Shwitzer and Pennsylvania Dutch, from merging. The following article illustrates both claims with empirical data. [Abstract by authors.