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Police Officer Use of Force and Officer-Created Jeopardy After \u3ci\u3eBarnes v. Felix\u3c/i\u3e: The Supreme Court\u27s Important (Albeit Incomplete) Step in the Right Direction
No full textThis essay analyzes the Supreme Court’s 2025 unanimous decision in Barnes v. Felix rejecting the moment of threat doctrine that limited courts assessing the reasonableness of a law enforcement officer’s use of force. Under this narrow time-framing approach, courts were limited to considering only those facts and circumstances known to the officer at the moment of the threat, and acts occurring before the officer seized the individual that may have contributed to the dangerous situation could not be considered. Rejecting this narrow approach, the Court reaffirmed its longstanding rule that in assessing the reasonableness of an officer’s use of force under the Fourth Amendment, courts must consider the totality of the circumstances which have no time limit. The Court, however, did not answer the harder and arguably more important question about when officer-created-jeopardy conduct may be considered, raising implications for future cases addressed here
Book Review: Jonathan Gienapp, Against Constitutional Originalism: A Historical Critique
No full textThis essay reviews the new book, Against Constitutional Originalism by Professor Jonathan Gienapp. It shows how this important book complicates the legal theory of originalism and its understanding of the Constitution. Gienapp convincingly shows that Founding-era Americans had a very different understanding of the nature of constitutions—what they are and how they worked. The conception of the Constitution that feels natural to modern Americans actually developed gradually in the decades and centuries after the Founding and was not the original meaning. Gienapp contends that this creates foundational problems for the originalist approach to Constitutional interpretation. It exposes the fundamental misunderstanding that strikes at the heart of originalism, showing it is not the objective recovery of the real Constitution it purports to be
Saving The Debate: Why Psychological Accounts Of Personhood Ought Not Accept A Univocal Biological Definition And Criterion Of Death
No full textIn 2019, David Hershenov argued for a set of three connected claims in this journal [1]. First, any psychological account of what it is to be a human person (i.e. a view denying that human persons are identical to human animals), need not and in fact should not formulate a definition of death distinct from the merely biological definitions of death typically offered for human animals [2–4]. Second, a distinct criterion for the deaths of human persons and human animals is also unnecessary as a biological criterion is capable of playing the role for both. Finally, accepting distinct conditions for ceasing to exist is sufficient to ground distinct accounts of the deaths of human persons and human animals. If Hershenov is correct, what appear to be important and significant disagreements in bieothics (e.g., whole brain theorists vs. higher brain theorists; animalists vs. psychological essentialists) are otiose. Hershenov’s arguments are thus worth examining. I argue in what follows that only the third claim withstands critical scrutiny
Sustainable Thermoplastic Elastomers-Based Nanocomposites and Their 3D Printing for Flexible and Stretchable Sensors
No full textStretchable and wearable electronics and devices have brought unprecedented opportunities for many applications including robotics, biomedicine, and artificial intelligence. The fundamental materials that enable such applications generally involve soft conductors that combine conductive nanofillers with soft matrices. However, most current soft conductors rely on conventional soft elastomers such as silicone rubber and polyurethane, which are produced from petrochemicals with limited sustainability. In this study, we developed a series of soft nanocomposites based on the integration of sustainable biobased thermoplastic elastomer polystyrene-b-polyfarnesene-b-polystyrene (SFS) with carbon nanofillers of different dimensions (2D graphene, 1D carbon nanotubes, or 0D carbon black). Importantly, SFS and its nanocomposites are fully compatible with extrusion-based 3D printing. We demonstrated pellet 3D-printing of SFS nanocomposites into functional and customizable 3D structures. The mechanical and electrical properties and dynamic responses to mechanical deformation of SFS nanocomposites were systematically investigated for their promising applications in wearable sensors and environment monitoring. We found that the type/geometry of carbon nanofillers, the ratio between different types of nanofillers, and processing conditions (3D printing vs. casting) have significant effects on the electrical properties and strain sensor performance. Such 3D printable soft and sustainable nanocomposites provide a new material platform for applications in soft electronics/robotics and human–machine interfaces
AI culture ‘profiling’ and anti-money laundering: Efficacy vs ethics
No full textUsing extensive transaction and money laundering detection data, at a globally important financial institution, we investigate the efficacy of including facets of national culture in formulating anti-money laundering predictions. For corporate and individual accounts, Hofstede individualism scores of the country in which a customer is resident, or from which a wire is sent/received, are of first-order importance in the detection of money laundering. When combined with account and transaction data; as well as even a proprietary institutional algorithm, individualism scores continue to determine the models’ predictive performances. The efficacy of cultural profiling in money laundering detection underscores the need for stringent and enforced data protection to prohibit its use. This will safeguard the civil right of individuals to privacy and promote financial inclusion
Letter to the Editor—Suzanne Rumsey
Get PDFDear Editor, I wish to respond to G. C. Waldrep’s review of my book, Blessed are the Peacemakers: Small Histories during World War II, Letter Writing, and Family History Methodology, which offers criticism without also highlighting the book’s merits. As a counterpoint to the review, I’d like to tell JAPAS readers some positives in the book they might find interesting and valuable. My field is composition and rhetoric, so the book is written with that academic discipline in mind first; however, because of the subject matter, others beyond this field and even nonacademic readers may find it both engaging and informative. [First paragraph.
Symposium Review: \u3cem\u3eFacing Infotainment Technologies: Evolution Beyond Human\u3c/em\u3e [2nd ed]
Get PDFDaniel Mast offers a very detailed review of the ever-changing world of information technology and entertainment. The book opens by addressing the pleasure and entertainment aspects of technology and later focuses on how technology has become more advanced and has the potential to be used to monitor and control people. The intended audience is the plain Mennonite, Amish, and Brethren people. He writes from the perspective that the Bible is the final authority and cites many Biblical verses to make his case clear; the Bible gives reason for concern about the infotainment flood. As well as the Bible, the author cites many secular and Christian authors who share his concern. [First paragraph.
Review of: \u3cem\u3eThe Flow of the Big Spring: Three Centuries of Native Americans, Welsh, Amish, and Mennonites on the Big Spring Farm in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania\u3c/em\u3e—Romaine Stauffer
Get PDFCan the story of a farm tell the story of a community? The Flow of the Big Spring follows the Big Spring Farm through its history as a gathering spot for Native Americans, a Mennonite family farm, and now, a living history museum in New Holland, Pennsylvania. [First paragraph.
Review of: \u3cem\u3eA Road Less Travelled\u3c/em\u3e; \u3cem\u3eGoing Back to My Roots\u3c/em\u3e; and \u3cem\u3eTraveling Solo but Never Alone\u3c/em\u3e—Christopher Petrovich
Get PDFPeople that are interested in joining the Amish or Mennonites are often referred to as “seekers.” And such they are, though in a sense we are all seekers, looking for that better country. It is a mistake to think that all seekers are the same, for their personalities, motivations, and “position on the road” are all different. [First paragraph.
Five Circuit Courts Against Five Circuit Courts: The Inconsistent Methods of Review for Fifth Amendment Violations in the Immigration Courts
Get PDFThe note examines critical due process violations in U.S. immigration courts, focusing on the circuit court split regarding non-citizens\u27 Fifth Amendment right to obtain counsel at their own expense during removal proceedings. Currently, five circuit courts require non-citizens to prove substantial prejudice when denied counsel, while five courts reject this standard. The research argues that this inconsistency undermines fundamental due process protections, suggesting solutions including a Supreme Court decision, new legislation, and an executive order to establish a uniform standard that prioritizes non-citizens\u27 rights to legal representation and ensures fair hearings, particularly given the complex and high-stakes nature of immigration proceedings