7277 research outputs found
Sort by
Social Data Analysis: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches
Full text linkSocial data analysis enables you, as a researcher, to organize the facts you collect during your research. Your data may have come from a questionnaire survey, a set of interviews, or observations. They may be data that have been made available to you from some organization, national or international agency or other researchers. Whatever their source, social data can be daunting to put together in a way that makes sense to you and others. This book is meant to help you in your initial attempts to analyze data. In doing so it will introduce you to ways that others have found useful in their attempts to organize data. You might think of it as like a recipe book, a resource that you can refer to as you prepare data for your own consumption and that of others. And, like a recipe book that teaches you to prepare simple dishes, you may find this one pretty exciting. Analyzing data in a revealing way is at least as rewarding, we’ve found, as it is to cook up a yummy cashew carrot pate or a steaming corn chowder. We’d like to share our pleasure with you
The Impact of Implicit Racial Bias in the United States Education System: A Systematic Review
Full text linkAttitudes and behaviors towards people based on race, gender, sexual orientation, and religion can create stereotypes that set the tone for how people are viewed and treated in society. These stereotypes over time become implicit or explicit bias. DeShazo et al. (2020) stated that bias based on skin color, religion, immigrant status, gender, and ethnicity are deeply rooted in the American culture and have existed within the infrastructure of American medicine as scientific racism was taught at the best medical schools from the beginning. Edgoose et al. (2019) states that implicit or unconscious bias derive from our attempt to rapidly find patterns in utilizing only small bits of information, and that those patterns emerge from positive or negative attitudes and stereotypes that are developed about certain groups of people and form outside our own consciousness from childhood. Racial bias, whether implicit or explicit, can lead to inequities, disparities, discrimination, racism, poor education, and harsher punishments, which can greatly impact health and the wellbeing of those affected. Milner IV (2018) found that racism and discrimination has been linked to anxiety, stress, depression, thoughts of suicide, and physical ailments like hair loss, diabetes, and heart disease. The purpose of this systematic review is to explore and examine the impact of implicit racial bias in the United States education system. PRISMA guidelines will be utilized as the framework to report studies and findings. The conducted data from studies will be analyzed and evaluated using chart tools to organize findings and reports consistently and clearly
Morality Sucks : The Final Generation in 1980s Horror Cinema
Full text linkThe Final Girl term, created by Carol Clover, tried to identify the surviving victim as a virtuous and chaste girl, eventually masculinized in overcoming her killer. 1980s horror cinema portrays characters being plagued by normative society. The main cast of protagonists in these films are teens in late adolescence, and/or early adulthood. These teenagers are targeted because of their substance abuse, sexual tendencies, and their independence. As a way to explore Clover\u27s theory of the Final Girl, this essay uses Lee Edleman\u27s theory of reproductive futurism to understand the generational conflict through three selected films: A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984), Pieces (1982), and The Slumber Party Massacre (1982). Using Edleman\u27s theory, we can identify our protagonists as the Final Generation, being a group of adolescents being punished for their independence. Parents and institutions are entirely absent or making it more difficult for their youth to defend themselves. Without the parents or authority to punish them for their liberal attitudes, we have the Bogeymen. The Bogeymen are trying to stop the Final Generation for their misbehavior before they can cause damage to society\u27s traditional beliefs. The Bogeymen represent a challenge to the Final Gen: a monster of their childhood that their parents couldn\u27t destroy, or created themselves. The Final Gen use their resourcefulness, fighting together to amend the previous generations\u27 sins. By the liberated youth choosing to act on their own, they overcome the ideals of reproductive futurism and can end the generational curse
Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure, Postnatal Maternal Depression, Perceived Child Behaviors and Academic Achievement
Full text linkBackground: Prenatal methamphetamine exposure and postnatal depression have significant impacts on child health outcomes and parenting skills. Postnatal depression increases health risks of the mother, that impacts herself and her child. Prenatal exposure to methamphetamine and postnatal depression may influence problematic behaviors in the child. Methods: The data analyzed was from a longitudinal research study that consisted of four sites within the United States. Four hundred twelve mother-children pairs were enrolled in the study. At the 7.5-year follow-up, 290 children with complete data were available for analysis. Measures included the Child Behavior Checklist, the Woodcock Johnson, and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. Results: Mothers of methamphetamine exposed children, with diagnosed postnatal depression, had children with increased problematic behaviors and lower academic achievement. They were more likely to exhibit externalizing and internalizing behaviors and had decreased scores for reading fluency and passage comprehension. Conclusion: Thorough and increased qualitative interventional and support services are critical in the development of the child and the mother-child relationship. Such services may reduce maternal depression and lead to improved child behavior and academic achievement
A Perpetrator by Any Other Name: Unpacking the Characterizations and Consequences of the Terrorist , Lone Wolf , and Mass Shooter Labels for Perpetrators of Mass Violence
Full text linkObjective: To better understand the implications of applying different labels to perpetrators of mass violence.
Method: Two experiments (Study 1 N= 307 college students, Study 2 N= 696 community sample recruited through Prolific Academic) were conducted to examine U.S. public perceptions of “terrorist”, “lone wolf”, and “mass shooter” (only in Study 2) labels. In both studies, participants were randomly assigned to consider one of the terms and respond to prompts about the assumed demographic characteristics and traits of the perpetrator. In Study 2, participants also responded to prompts about the appropriate consequences for the perpetrator and the best policies to address violence committed by that type of perpetrator.
Results: Participants displayed much overlap in their characterizations and responses to the labels, but important distinctions emerged, particularly with the terrorist label. Across studies, the terrorist was perceived as more religious while lone wolf and mass shooter were perceived as more likely White and U.S. citizens. The terrorist was characterized by group and ideological characteristics and more highly associated with several demonizing traits, while the lone wolf and mass shooter were characterized as more depressed, sad, and lonely. The terrorist label evoked less support for mental health treatment, and more support for tracking associates of the perpetrator and increasing military involvement.
Conclusions: Awareness of the different associations evoked by perpetrator labels will help to avoid biases in their application and can shape how mass violence and its consequences are conceptualized by the public
The Effects of Paternal Figures\u27 Parenting Style and Involvement on Masculinity and Coping Styles for Sons
Full text linkOf the three parenting styles created by Baumrind (1966), the authoritarian style has been largely associated with fathers due to previously reinforced unhealthy masculine norms. However, there has been a change in masculine behaviors and ideology in which fathers have taken on a more nurturing role (Lin & Billingham, 2014). Specifically, the son\u27s coping style and masculinity will vary greatly depending on the paternal figures’ behavior during childhood and further (Addis & Cohane, 2005; Cherry & Gerstein, 2021). One hundred and fifty participants were recruited to take part in this study that is examining paternal gender role conflict and parenting styles on different outcomes for the son. ANOVAs were used to examine the effects of the paternal parenting style on the son’s coping style and gender role conflict. Regressions and correlations were used to examine the effects of paternal involvement and gender role conflict of the paternal figure in addition to the son\u27s conflict and coping styles. The results did not support the hypothesis that parenting styles make a difference, but that gender role conflict and paternal engagement did appear to have an impact on the son\u27s gender role conflict and coping style. The implications of how the father-son relationship should be examined in future research are discussed due to the contradicting results compared to the past literature
Gender and Race of Respondents in Sentencing for Intimate Partner Violence: Are Police Officers More Severely Punished?
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to examine if the gender or race of the respondent had an impact in the sentencing/parole decisions of the convicted defendant. Utilizing past studies and articles, three hypotheses suggested that participants would hold police officers to a higher standard than their civilian counterparts. Also, the race/gender of the respondent influenced the sentence they provided to the defendant. Participants (n=204) were randomly assigned a police officer or non-police officer scenario where the perpetrator was plead guilty to committing intimate partner violence. They then responded with their sentence determination, parole percentage, restitution amount if any and other attributing factors such were analyzed. While there were no significant occupational differences in sentencing questions the public did perceive police officers to have less mental health difficulties and trauma than non-police officers. Additionally, a qualitative question was presented and analyzed that offered a different perspective to the results. Participants indicated that in the police officer scenario that it was “not what they should be doing” or “a higher standard”. Occupation was mentioned several times leading to a rough conclusion that police officers are held to different standards than other professions
A Focus on Alarms that Matter to Reduce Telemetry Alarm Fatigue: A Pilot Study
Full text linkDespite ample research with optimistic outcomes on the topic, telemetry alarm fatigue continues to be a complex safety issue within our health care system. The concern of not only nurse safety and satisfaction, but the patient care and positive outcomes remains a problem. The purpose of this proposal is to decrease perceived telemetry alarm fatigue amongst nurses on an inpatient telemetry unit in a small community hospital. This will be accomplished by utilizing an identified best practice, through defaulting a nonactionable telemetry alarm to off. The setting is in on a 21 bed telemetry unit at a small community hospital in the northeast. The proposal processes include educational flyers and emails distributed amongst staff that meet the criteria for the study. An eight question pre- and post-survey will be utilized with the participants. Additional analysis using the totals and percentages from the surveys will measure effectiveness of defaulting single premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) to off on the telemetry monitoring system. The expected outcome for this proposal is a notable decrease in telemetry alarm fatigue for unnecessary alarms amidst the participating nurses. A Clinical Practice Update will be disseminated to the leadership of the units with telemetry and other leadership of the hospital system affiliates. The practice update will provide information and educate unit managers on the impact telemetry alarm fatigue on their nursing staff (and patients) and the positive outcome that defaulting single PVC alarms to off has alleviating this burden
Recognition and Response to Opioid Use Among Adolescents in a School Setting
Full text linkThe opioid crisis is a public health emergency. Education policy leaders, including school nurses, must be at the forefront of advocating for change regarding state-level initiatives in response to this epidemic. Currently all 50 states have a policy in place that allows for the administration of naloxone in a school setting by a designated healthcare professional. Some states have even included opioid misuse education in their middle and high school health education curriculum. Rhode Island does have a policy that indicates schools at all levels should procure naloxone and administer it in the case of a suspected overdose, but has not yet implemented a policy regarding opioid misuse screenings or education for their secondary students. Furthermore, state-level school health rules and regulations do not explicitly indicate how school nurses and staff should be trained to administer naloxone. This project will address the scope of the opioid misuse problem among adolescents, discuss screening tools and interventions for opioid abuse at the secondary level, and propose ways to strengthen the current policy surrounding naloxone administration in schools
Selective Anesthesia & Post-Cardiothoracic Surgery Pain: A Systematic Review
Full text linkAccording to Lakdizajiet al. (2012), 71% of cardiac surgery patients report moderate to severe postoperative pain. Optimal pain management can facilitate early mobilization, participation in respiratory hygiene, increased patient satisfaction, decreased length of ICU and hospital stay, risk of readmissions and long-term chronic pain syndrome (Jakobsen et al., 2020). Traditional cardiac surgery pain management relies on opioid-based pharmaceutical interventions, but recently there has been a resurgence in regional and selective anesthetic techniques. The use of regional anesthesia in conjunction with traditional pharmaceutical analgesia can be an effective way to manage postoperative acute pain resultant of the median sternotomy incision and vessel manipulation (Folino& Mahboobi, 2022). Non-neuraxial nerve blocks are peripheral blocks where the anesthesia is administered near the target nerve and is diffused along the nerve\u27s mantle layer to the core (Folino& Mahboobi, 2022). Therefore, this systematic review aimed to answer the following question: Does the combined usage of regionally selective anesthesia and standard pharmaceutical analgesia provide a more effective method of improving cardiac surgery patient outcomes when compared to traditional pharmaceutical analgesia alone