2199 research outputs found
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Synergistic effects of copper-vitamin C incorporated alumina nanocomposite hydrogels for burn wound healing
No full texthttps://kent-islandora.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/node/14389/83897-thumbnail.jpgThe number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains has been dramatically increased over the past few decades[1]. With bacteria constantly evolving, humans are unable to discover new antibiotics fast enough to keep an upper hand in this race[2]. It is therefore vital to explore novel non-antibiotic-based antimicrobial drugs with high efficacy and different mechanisms of action to inhibit bacterial growth. This study was focused on designing a biocompatible and efficient nanocomposite drug delivery system containing Vitamin C-Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) incorporated into alumina hydrogels. It has been demonstrated that γ-alumina hydrogels with CuNPs embedded in the hydrogel network can be readily formed by hydrolysis reactions of aluminum isopropoxide in water, followed by incorporation of CuNPs. The products obtained in both nanoparticles and composite forms were fully characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The CuNPs released from the hydrogels are expected to exhibit improved cellular penetration via endocytosis and could trigger apoptosis by generating Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in bacterial cells. The antibacterial efficacy of CuNPs was examined and found to be highly active against Staphylococcus aureus (SA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) as well as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Multi drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRPA).
References:
Kaushik, Neha, Nizam Uddin, Geon Bo Sim, Young June Hong, Ku Youn Baik, Chung Hyeok Kim, Su Jae Lee, Nagendra Kumar Kaushik, and Eun Ha Choi. "Responses of solid tumor cells in DMEM to reactive oxygen species generated by non-thermal plasma and chemically induced ROS systems." Scientific reports 5 (2015): 8587.
Usman, M. S., El Zowalaty, M. E., Shameli, K., Zainuddin, N., Salama, M., & Ibrahim, N. A. (2013). Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial properties of copper nanoparticles. International journal of nanomedicine, 8, 4467.
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Ohio History Fall 2021
No full texthttps://kent-islandora.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/node/16792/85698-thumbnail.jpgOHIO HISTORY
Contents for Volume 128, Number 2, Fall 2021
Contributors ...... 6
“We Have Them Whipped Here”: Lynching and the Rule of Law in Lima, Ohio
Perry Bush ...... 7
Suffer the Children, Don’t Let Them Suffer: 1920s Child Welfare Services and Reforms in the Queen City
Brandon Borgemenke ...... 42
Squire’s Own: A Tribute to Donald Hurrelbrink and the Warren Junior Military Band
Nancy L. Glen ...... 61
Asserting Their Voice: A Brief History of Independent Steelworker Retiree Clubs and the United Steelworkers of America, 1946 to 1990
Henry Himes ...... 78
A Policy of Accessibility: Ohio Public Higher Education’s Attempt at Equity, 1975–1983
Jonathan Tyler Baker ...... 112
Savage Barbarity: Native American Uncivilized (Guerrilla) Warfare at Cold Creek in the Firelands of Ohio during the War of 1812
Patrick M. Tucker ...... 137
Book Reviews ...... 158
On the cover: An American cartoon from the War of 1812 titled “Scene on the Frontiers as Presented by the Humane British and Their Worthy Allies.” Courtesy of Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZC4-4820.</p
Mental Health among Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: A Cross-Sectional Multi-Country Comparison
No full texthttps://kent-islandora.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/node/14366/83867-thumbnail.jpgDespite the global impact of COVID-19, studies comparing the effects of COVID-19 on population mental health across countries are sparse. This study aimed to compare anxiety and depression symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown among adults from 11 countries and to examine their associations with country-level COVID-19 factors and personal COVID-19 exposure. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among adults (≥18 years) in 11 countries (Brazil, Bulgaria, China, India, Ireland, North Macedonia, Malaysia, Singapore, Spain, Turkey, United States). Mental health (anxiety, depression, resilient coping, hope) and other study data were collected between June–August 2020. Of the 13,263 participants, 62.8% were female and 51.7% were 18–34 years old. Participants living in Brazil had the highest anxiety and depression symptoms while participants living in Singapore had the lowest. Greater personal COVID-19 exposure was associated with increased anxiety and depression symptoms, but country-level COVID-19 factors were not. Higher levels of hope were associated with reduced anxiety and depression; higher levels of resilient coping were associated with reduced anxiety but not depression. Substantial variations exist in anxiety and depression symptoms across countries during the COVID-19 lockdown, with personal COVID-19 exposure being a significant risk factor. Strategies that mitigate COVID-19 exposure and enhance hope and resilience may reduce anxiety and depression during global emergencies.</p
Math matters: A novel, brief educational intervention decreases whole number bias when reasoning about COVID-19
No full textAt the onset of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) global pandemic, our interdisciplinary team hypothesized that a mathematical misconception-whole number bias (WNB)-contributed to beliefs that COVID-19 was less fatal than the flu. We created a brief online educational intervention for adults, leveraging evidence-based cognitive science research, to promote accurate understanding of rational numbers related to COVID-19. Participants from a Qualtrics panel (N = 1,297; 75% White) were randomly assigned to an intervention or control condition, solved health-related math problems, and subsequently completed 10 days of daily diaries in which health cognitions and affect were assessed. Participants who engaged with the intervention, relative to those in the control condition, were more accurate and less likely to explicitly mention WNB errors in their strategy reports as they solved COVID-19-related math problems. Math anxiety was positively associated with risk perceptions, worry, and negative affect immediately after the intervention and across the daily diaries. These results extend the benefits of worked examples in a practically relevant domain. Ameliorating WNB errors could not only help people think more accurately about COVID-19 statistics expressed as rational numbers, but also about novel future health crises, or any other context that involves information expressed as rational numbers.</p
Supporting Science and Engineering Faculty for NSF & NIH Grant Proposal Submission
No full texthttps://kent-islandora.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/node/18371/88446-thumbnail.jpgLightning talk presentation at STEM Librarian Collaborative 2021 meeting (virtual)</p
Pining and Planning: Five tips for using Pinterest to teach science
No full texthttps://kent-islandora.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/node/12482/81114-thumbnail.jpgBenefits of Pinterest as a Teaching Resource One of the key benefits of Pinterest for teachers is that it can provide instructional ideas that teachers can adapt for their classrooms. Tips for Using Pinterest In light of these benefits and weaknesses, we present the following tips for teachers using Pinterest as a teaching resource Tip 1. These tips are things teachers can do before using Pinterest (#1-3), while using Pinterest (#4) and after using Pinter est (#5) that will help make the social media platform even more useful.</p
Music Reference Service Pre-COVID-19: A Climate Survey in the Recent before Times
No full texthttps://kent-islandora.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/node/12615/83410-thumbnail.jpgIn the fall of 2019, the Music Library Association\u27s Reference and Access Services Subcommittee surveyed academic librarians as to the following parameters regarding their music reference services: delivery methods, physical locations, staffing models, approaches to training, perceived effectiveness of services, and changes over time. Findings suggest that despite technological advances, most music reference help is delivered through in-person, email, phone, and chat. Just over half of respondents have only librarians addressing reference questions, while the remainder also use students and paraprofessionals. There was no meaningful difference in perceived effectiveness between the various staffing models. While only 19 percent of participants are situated in branch libraries for music, these locations experienced a higher increase in reference transactions and more outreach and instruction over the last five years and also ranked their reference services with more effectiveness. Additionally, respondents identified training and outreach as integral to the effectiveness of reference services and communicated their experiences with changes to service and staffing models.</p
Gender diverse college students exhibit higher psychological distress than male and female peers during the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic
No full texthttps://kent-islandora.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/node/14363/83861-thumbnail.jpgThe ongoing novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic may be the greatest global biopsychosocial stressor in living memory, and there is widespread anticipation of a \u27mental health pandemic.\u27 Hardly mentioned, if ever, during the current COVID-19 pandemic is the effect on gender diverse (GD) populations. Using a novel approach, we address this gap in the current literature by comparing resilience, psychological distress, and perceived risk in a sample of college students at a public, R1, 4-year university. The survey included demographic questions, the Brief Resilience Scale, the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, and self-reported risk of contracting COVID-19. GD individuals (n = 83) were matched with male (n = 83) and female (n = 83) peers on survey cohort (1, 2, or 3), White versus Non-White, age category, and student status (undergraduate vs. graduate). GD individuals reported lower psychological resilience (M = 2.88, SD = 0.93) than both male (M = 3.57, SD = 0.81) and female (M = 3.37, SD = 0.83) students, higher psychological distress (M = 12.33, SD = 6.04) than both males (M = 6.7, SD = 5.76) and females (M = 8.70, SD = 6.57), and similar perceived risk (p = .54). Nearly half (48.2%) of GD individuals were above the cutoff for severe psychological distress. During the unprecedented events of the novel coronavirus pandemic, students in higher education settings are facing tremendous biopsychosocial stress. GD students had very high levels of psychological distress relative to their male and female peers during the pandemic and may need additional support and expanded access to treatment.</p
Fusion Spring 2021
No full texthttps://kent-islandora.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/node/14553/83966-thumbnail.jp
What Drives Preventive Health Behavior During a Global Pandemic? Emotion and Worry
No full textBackground & Purpose
Primary prevention of COVID-19 has focused on encouraging compliance with specific behaviors that restrict contagion. This investigation sought to characterize engagement in these behaviors in U.S. adults early during the pandemic and to build explanatory models of the psychological processes that drive them.
Methods
US adults were recruited through Qualtrics Research Panels (N = 324; 55% female; Mage = 50.91, SD = 15.98) and completed 10 days of online reports of emotion, COVID-19 perceived susceptibility and worry, and recommended behaviors (social distancing, hand washing, etc.). Factor analysis revealed behaviors loaded on two factors suggesting distinct motivational orientations: approach and avoidance.
Results
Changes in approach and avoidance behaviors over the 10 days indicated large individual differences consistent with three types of participants. Discrete emotions, including fear, guilt/shame, and happiness were associated with more recommended behaviors. Fear and COVID-19 worry indirectly influenced each other to facilitate more behavioral engagement. While emotions and worry strongly predicted individual differences in behavior across the 10 days, they did not predict as well why behaviors occurred on one day versus another.
Conclusions
These findings suggest how daily affective processes motivate behavior, improving the understanding of compliance and efforts to target behaviors as primary prevention of disease.</p