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User-centered Design and Data Visualization Techniques to Reimagine Digital Scholarly Monographs
No full textJessica Keup, JSTOR
Monographs are increasingly making the print-to-digital shift that journals started twenty years ago, yet many of the popular platform options for accessing scholarly books simply mirror the existing discovery structure for journals: books are presented as a sequential list of “journal article”-sized chapter files for downloading, a practice that “journal”-izes the book and arguably fails to take full advantage of the rich long-form argument that unfolds across chapters.
JSTOR Labs, an experimental platform development group, convened at Columbia University a group of scholars, librarians, and publishers in October 2016. Together, they tackled this design question: if we applied data visualization and design thinking techniques to the existing corpus of digitized monograph files, how could we improve the discovery and user experience for scholars, students, and general readers? Over the course of two months, we conducted an ideation workshop with the scholars, librarians, and publishers; tested sketches of various ideas with more scholars to decide which concept to pursue; iteratively refined and tested alternate design ideas with increasing fidelity over time; wrote a whitepaper about our findings; and completed a working prototype during a “flash build” that aims to help users currently assess the relevance of books to their research and quickly navigate to the relevant parts.
This cross-/multi-/inter-/trans- disciplinary digital scholarship project presented many design challenges and opportunities. The bulk of the presentation will focus on the design principles and the lean, user-oriented product design processes used to carry one of the product ideas through from concept to working prototype. We will show how design activities and principles proved indispensable in the quick and lean creation of a useful, quality product. There will also be a demonstration of the Topicgraph prototype that was created in November.
Jessica Keup is a User Experience Prototyper on the JSTOR Labs team. The team experiments with new ways to present, explore, and discover scholarship and Jessica works to design, test, and implement the user interfaces they create. She formerly taught Human Computer Interaction and introductory programming at East Tennessee State University, and she moonlights as a pianist.
This was a Long Paper Session: Print to Digital on June 2, 2017. 2:30–4:00pm (SCI 106)</p
Architectonics of the Book: Form, Content and Media
No full textSteven McCarthy, University of Minnesota
Digitized text and images are now unbound from printed ink on paper books, their conventional container for over a millennium. Any text or image can exist as data in a computer, as a screen-based instantiation, as an audio file, as an online dissemination, printed ‘on-demand’ – in myriad typefaces, colors and layouts – and as other forms and experiences. Text is free of books, and conversely, books can now be free of older manufacturing models, linear narrative and of the reader’s typical engagement with printed content.
Stéphane Mallarmé’s oft-cited quote, “everything, in the world, exists to end up in a book” (Derrida, 2005, p. 12) can now be flipped to consider how books exist to be in the world. This paper will examine the book as an element and medium in data, design and art, and describe how books have moved beyond the literal and documentary to the visual, temporal, material and spatial.
Leonid Taycher, a Google software engineer, posited that there were 129,864,880 unique book titles in the world (Taycher, 2010). UNESCO estimates that just between China, United States, United Kingdom and Russia, another million titles are printed annually (Wikipedia/UNESCO, 2016). Multiples of each make for an uncountable number of printed books; the Bible, the Quran, and Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung (the ‘Little Red Book’) alone are counted in the billions of printed copies (Wikipedia, 2016).
Books outside of mainstream publishing – self-published or via digital on-demand services like Lulu or Blurb – that lack an International Standard Book Number (ISBN) likely drive the number even higher. The total number of books extant, world-wide, might approach one hundred billion volumes! What is their future, and that of libraries beyond the book? (Schnapp & Battles, 2014)
This abstract references two contemporary approaches to the architectonics of the book: as a material object that can be used to build or make things, and as a dataset that can be mined for literal and pictorial content. A parallel might found in found in art history: as photography’s realism drove painting towards expression and abstraction, digitized texts open unexpected pathways for the future of books. Specific examples follow, with one employing a digital humanities collage technique to create conceptual literature, and the second using books’ material and form to enliven environments.
In The Best American Book of the 20th Century by Société Réaliste (2014), designed by Project Projects, a simple device is used: single sentences of best-selling American novels are reset in a sequence that corresponds to certain rules. The order of lines (first, second, third, etc.) is tied to the original dates of publication, as the book aggregates sentences into a ‘new’ novel that spans the best sellers from 1900 to 1999. The book adheres to standard syntax at the level of sentences, paragraphs and pages while offering semantically random lines from different writers. Because the chronology is coherent, the writing evolves from late Victorian to post-Modern, stylistically spanning the century. The only editorial intervention – which both anonymizes characters and smoothes transitions – is that the “artist cooperative Société Réaliste replaces the proper nouns by pronouns” (Onomatopee, 2014).
The second project, also involving rules (cover color, size, width, age), is a commercial enterprise of Wonder Books, a used book seller in Washington, DC. They offer a “Books by the Foot service, where [they] sell books in bulk as decoration, props, and instant libraries…” (Antiquarian Booksellers’ Association of America, 2016). Unlike the digital parsing of best-sellers’ lines in The Best American Book of the 20th Century, Books by the Foot sorts books based on form over content. Do you need to create an impressive library of well-worn law books? To decorate your loft with a rainbow gradation of colors? Or to film a setting with an eclectically academic background? Wonder Books’ Books by the Foot program deals with “not the death of books, but their afterlife” (New York Public Radio, 2016, 00:34).
Both projects repurpose books in innovative ways and demonstrate how an architectonics of the book can vary in scale, method and context. The full paper will critically examine a range of examples and discuss the future of the printed book as object and system.
Steven McCarthy (MFA, 1985, Stanford University) is a professor of graphic design at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities campus. His long-standing interest in theories of design authorship – as both scholar and practitioner – has led to lectures, exhibits, publications and grant-funded research on six continents. His book on the topic, The Designer As… Author, Producer, Activist, Entrepreneur, Curator and Collaborator: New Models for Communicating was published in 2013 by BIS, Amsterdam. McCarthy has been in over 125 juried and invitational exhibitions and his artist’s books are in prestigious collections. He serves on the board of the Minnesota Center for Book Arts.
Sources
Antiquarian Booksellers’ Association of America (2016) http://www.abaa.org/booksellers/details/wonder-book (online 19 March 2016)
Derrida, J. (2005) Paper machine. Stanford University Press: Stanford, California.
New York Public Radio (2016) The business of books by the foot. http://www.wnyc.org/story/business-books-foot/
Onomatopee (2014) http://www.onomatopee.net/project.php?progID=019f131ccccd023b1808bdb9d7bef9ff (online 19 March 2016)
Schnapp, J. T. & Battles, M. (2014) The Library Beyond the Book. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
Société Réaliste (2014) The best American book of the 20th century. Onomatopee: Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Taycher, L. (2010) Books of the world, stand up and be counted! All 129,864,880 of you. http://booksearch.blogspot.com/2010/08/books-of-world-stand-up-and-be-counted.html (online 19 March 2016)
Wikipedia/UNESCO – United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (2016) Books published per country per year. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Books_published_per_country_per_year (online 19 March 2016)
Wikipedia (2016) List of best-selling books. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_best-selling_books (online 19 March 2016)
This was a Long Paper Session: Print to Digital on June 2, 2017. 2:30–4:00pm (SCI 106)</p
Between Autonomy and the Collective
No full textLisa Maione, Oklahoma State University
This presentation presents a reflective portrait of an international design collective, giving dimension to the operations engaged, the work produced, and the research collected over the course of a year, and shares the goals for the next year. With the Van Eyck Academie in Maastricht, the Netherlands as a geographic anchor (2016-2017 residency), the group made use of asynchronous and synchronous collaboration methods to work through the complexities and conflicts of language, negotiation and identity.
Fazed Grunion is a design collective that researches collaboration and develops methods to create opportunities for participation, dialogue and action. The collective functions as a constellation of designers based around the world who are able to propose and participate in projects. Any member may propose a project, any member may participate. As a network, Fazed Grunion is interested in the spaces between autonomy and collaboration, models of utopia, the potential of collaborative work, and the experience and labor of working together. In addition to internal projects, the collective seeks opportunities to work with external partners and institutions through focused workshops, curatorial projects and long-term research.
Lisa Maione is an Assistant Professor of Graphic Design at Oklahoma State University.
This was a Lightning Round Session on June 2, 2017. 4:30–5:00pm (SCI 106)</p
Empowering Teachers as Designers: A Design Case on the WASH Curriculum design for Under-Resourced Schools in Papua New Guinea
No full textKhendum Gyabak, Indiana University Bloomington
This design case chronicles the collaborative effort to design the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene curriculum by elementary school teachers in rural Papua New Guinea (PNG). The outcome from the project resulted in the creation of a teacher’s resource manual that could be used by elementary school teachers to teach WASH topics based on active learning principles. This design case describes the context of the design, making of the design team, the design process and the rationale behind the design decisions. Consistent with the structure of a design case, this case will not address generalizable lessons for how design should be done and it is primarily written to describe how design was carried out in the context of PNG.
Khendum Gyabak is a design researcher and instructional designer. My scholarly work centers around understanding the design practice of teachers engaged in designing teaching and learning materials in underserved communities around the world. I have done extensive research work in Papua New Guinea and Bhutan and am currently writing my dissertation on the design thinking and actions of teachers’ who have taught in highly under resourced schools in Bhutan.
This was a Lightning Round Session on June 2, 2017. 4:30–5:00pm (SCI 108)</p
Design is Design: Interdisciplinary Collaborations Between Landscape Architecture and Graphic Design
No full textAnthony Acock, Cal Poly Pomona
In Winter Quarter of 2016, a collaborative effort between Cal Poly Pomona’s Landscape Architecture, and Graphic Design programs coalesced to redesign the landscape at the Chancellor’s Residence at the University of California, Riverside campus. Spearheaded by Chair Andrew Wilcox, in conjunction with Lecturer Ray Senes, and Assistant Professor Anthony Acock, this collaboration represented 50 undergraduate students, 25 graduate students, 4 design studios, and two separate university systems. The goal for the project was to use a multifaceted approach of design to inspire environmental sustainability and aesthetic leadership within this unique region while focusing on the idea of that Design is Design, regardless of discipline.
The combined classes developed four unique design strategies to explore how the Chancellor’s Residence could be redesigned.
Atypically Suburban: focused on ways in which the typical California suburban environment can be reimagined to be on the vanguard of environmental stewardship.
Beautiful Resilience: focused on the marriage between the aesthetic value and tradition of landscape design and climate appropriate materials.
Food for Thought: focused on how the suburban lawn can be transformed to maximize food production.
Habitat is Everywhere: focused on how the unique marriage between urban Riverside and the surrounding desert community can coexist in a way that not only allows the natural fauna and animal life to exist but to flourish.
The culmination of the effort resulted in the presentation of scholarly research into each of the unique approaches. The final deliverables involved motion infographics, professional presentations, professionally produced journals detailing the research and process into each approach, and digitally rendered designs of the reimagined landscape at the Chancellor’s Residence.
Through this process the designers were required to learn their role in the collaboration, and see past disciplinary walls. The ripple effect from this collaboration has opened up the possibility of further and greater collaboration across all design disciplines within the College of Environmental Design. From Architecture, to Urban and Regional Planning, the collaborative efforts in conjunction with respecting Design as it’s own tool set independent of degree trajectory has endless possibilities.
The scholarly merit of the collaboration between departments succeeded in bringing two departments within the college together in a way that had never been done before. This exposed Landscape Architecture students to the world of Graphic Design, and Graphic Design students to the world of Landscape Architecture. By doing so, a greater empathy and awareness was grown by the students.
In this presentation, I will discuss the processes involved in navigating multiple university systems, the collaborations between disciplines, and class levels, and the final design deliverables presented to the Chancellor. This case study will show that design is design regardless of discipline, and that design education can flourish in a multi disciplinary studio environment.
Anthony Acock was born in Norman, Oklahoma to sociologist Alan Colby Acock, and artist Delores Antonia Acock. Inspired by his parents, Anthony, named after his mother, felt that becoming a graphic designer was a sort of square in the middle of both of those two professions. Anthony received his BFA in graphic design from Oregon State University in Corvallis, Oregon. Not only did he work with an amazing faculty but they transformed his love of letterforms in graffiti to a love of letterforms in typography. Oregon State taught him process, theory, and concept, above all else. After an 8 year stretch working professionally in New Haven, Hartford, and New York City, Anthony returned to school at Pratt Institute in Manhattan where he received his MFA in Communication Design. His thesis titled “Empathy, Identity, and the Environment” focused on ways to use graphic design as a way to advocate for groups of people on the fringes of society; an area of interest that persists in his professional work today.
This was a Lightning Session on June 3, 2017. 10:30–11:00am (SCI 108)</p
Pluto: Supporting Interdisciplinary Learning in the Classroom and Beyond
No full textAmeer Ahmed, Polytope Ventures
Caspar Lam, Parsons School of Design
YuJune Park, Parsons School of Design
Pluto is a smart learning platform that captures feedback from teachers, mentors, and peers and brings it into focus. Centered on the individual and built on a collaborative, peer-to-peer model of learning, Pluto weaves together feedback across courses and over time to allow students to connect learning across courses and over time.
Qualitative feedback is an important tool that helps students develop a growth mentality, succeed academically, and build connections across areas of study. In higher-education, evaluations may occur during formal learning assessments or through spontaneous teacher-student and student-student interactions. This is especially true for project-based and problem-based courses often used in design, engineering, and medical programs. The content of such interactions, including ongoing project assessments, references, and directions for growth, is not formal enough to be captured by learning management systems but is lost among various communication platforms like email, chat, forums, or backchannels.
For students, this means that there is no personal, centralized repository for retroactively accessing and evaluating such feedback across courses and years. Students rely on memory, haphazard notes, and vague intuition to discern the steps needed to improve their academic performance. Self-regulation is an important aspect of learning and academic achievement. A system that pairs feedback with resources can lower barriers to self-evaluation, increase the potential for academic success, and help develop a life-long growth mentality.
It is the reverse learning portfolio, built around process and discovery rather than the end product/artifacts.
Learning occurs through reflection. Traditional education systems feedback is course-centric, but the best students are those that can synthesize from a variety of fields, across courses and time.
It opens up all of the resources that are now available online: the internet becomes a student’s library, and feedback, their subject guides.
Pluto video- https://vimeo.com/189258968
Ameer Ahmed is expert at conceiving and delivering innovative solutions to tricky business problems using Java/J2EE and XML technologies. He wields excellent communication skills to identify business needs and constraints and quickly designs and prototypes elegant solutions using the latest advanced technologies. Ameer has vast experience architecting and developing custom systems for content management and licensing, workflow/BPM and marketing automation for such organizations as JPMorganChase, The Harry Fox Agency, Starwood Hotels and Resorts, Time Inc. and ARTstor. Ameer graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in Business Administration and Marketing from American College for Applied Arts.
Caspar Lam is a designer and writer. He holds an MFA from Yale and degrees in biology and design from the University of Texas at Austin. He formerly led design and digital strategy for Artstor, a non-profit serving universities and libraries to develop new products related to digital cataloguing, metadata and publishing. He has worked with the Guggenheim Museum, the Yale School of Architecture, and at Li, Inc. on fashion brands including Ohne Titel and Vogue China. Adobe, AIGA, and the ID Annual Design Review have recognized his work. He has been a visiting critic at the Hong Kong Design Institute and served as an Adjunct Associate Research Scholar at Columbia University’s GSAPP. He teaches interaction design at Parsons the New School for Design.
YuJune Park is the director of the BFA Communication Design program at Parsons School of Design at The New School. She is the co-founder of Synoptic Office, a multidisciplinary design studio operating in the space between graphic, interaction, spatial and product design. She holds an MFA in Graphic Design from Yale University and a BFA in Furniture Design from the Rhode Island School of Design. She has worked for, freelanced and collaborated with several studios, including Base Design, Project Projects, Mother NY, Graphic Thought Facility, and Pentagram for a variety of clients including the Museum of Modern Art, Milk Studios, the Davis Museum, and the AIGA.
This was a Poster Session on June 3, 2017. 11:00–11:30 am (SCI Lobby)</p
Kosicek Vineyards, Grand River Valley Chardonnay
No full texthttps://kent-islandora.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/winelabels/2/thumbnail.jpgFermented in stainless steel tanks from grapes grown exclusively in the Grand River Valley region, this estate wine has received a number of awards including a Gold and a Silver in the 2017 and 2014 Ohio Wine Competition.</p
Accumulating Capital in Music Education: A Content Analysis of the Music Educators Journal from 2011-2016
No full texthttps://kent-islandora.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/node/9875/8774-thumbnail.jpgThis study examined the major topics, focus areas, and targeted age (grade) levels in featured articles appearing in the Music Educators Journal (MEJ) from 2011 to 2016. The MEJ, which every member of the National Association for Music Education receives, is the oldest and most widely distributed music education publication in the United States. Building on Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of cultural capital, this analysis examined featured articles in MEJ for implied skills, knowledge, and expertise valuable to its large audience of music educators over the past five years. Results indicate an imbalance in attention given to secondary level performance groups over elementary or tertiary non-performance based classes. Within the performance groups, instrumental received more attention than choral ensembles.</p
Minimum Staffing Ratios for RNs
No full texthttps://kent-islandora.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/trumbull_showcase/2017/Posters/5/thumbnail.jpgThe rise in patient numbers and increase in patient acuity in recent decades have stressed the ability of nurses to provide optimal care. The number of patients each nurse is assigned per shift can be referred to as the “staffing ratio.” 1 Do improvements in the nurse staffing ratio have a positive effect on nurses and patient outcomes? Literature synthesis included a majority of quantitative research articles from medical and nursing journals within the past 5 years.</p
1990s, Govenor George Voinovich with the Debevcs at Debonne Vineyards
No full texthttps://kent-islandora.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/debonne_images/14/thumbnail.jpgPictured left to right: Former Governor George Voinovich, his wife Janet Allan Voinovich, Beth Debevc, and Tony Debevc, Jr.. Agribusiness support from the former governor helped expand the wine and grape industry in Ohio during 1990\u27s. As governor, Voinovich created new investment credit programs designed to expand wine/grape acreage in Ohio and increased the actual dollar funding for wine and grape research and marketing.</p