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Interpreting the Influence of Heuristic and Systematic Cues on Visual Attention to Food Label Claims
Get PDFAn increase in consumer concern surrounding food ingredients has triggered a rise in label claims as an attempt to communicate salient product attributes to influence a purchase decision. Previous research has established the use of food label claims as heuristic cues, facilitating quick decisions without the need for complicated cognitive processing. Design of a label claim becomes an important concern as research has indicated distinct design elements promote further processing. This study sought to understand the role of visual and textual elements of a label claim toward dual processing routes through the use of eye tracking measures. The results indicated label claims that included both visual and textual elements elicited the highest visual attention allocation from consumers, and suggested that label claims are processed systematically in addition to heuristically as previously specified. Future label claims should include both visual and textual elements to promote further cognitive processing among all consumers. The findings from this study provide an avenue for greater understanding of dual processing modes within the context of food label claims and other agriculturally-relevant concepts
The challenges of investigating derived psychoactive cannabis product brand quality: Using a popular brand as an example
Get PDFWith widely divergent state and federal regulations and a history of suspect brands and illicit markets, derived psychoactive cannabis products (DPCPs) face contested discourse as to their content, quality, and safety. We conducted exploratory research on public-health related factors related to brand quality including assessing potential counterfeit products, website and social media presence, third party laboratory testing, distribution practices, and consumer experiences on social media. Findings indicate the difficulty consumers face in finding information related to DPCP brands, and the questionable quality of popularly branded products. We recommend regulation and oversight to ensure product safety
Teaching Math to Newcomer Multilingual Learners: The Case for Teaching Diverse Math Practices
Get PDFMultilingual learners (MLs), also referred to as English learners (ELs) in US K-12 public schools, and specifically newcomer MLs who have been in US schools for 2 years or less, are expected to learn the English language and reach grade level standards in the as their monolingual English-speaking peers. Mathematics education in the US has struggled over the years to achieve higher levels of math achievement for all students and for MLs. In this innovation in practice, we present how Ms. Shelley (pseudonym), a math high school teacher incorporated her newcomer MLs diverse math practices in her teaching
Building Classroom Community Using a Whole-Child Approach
Get PDFTrauma, including abandonment, neglect, poverty, or abuse, affects students. Because of this, a classroom community is vulnerable to the sheer unpredictability of behaviors. Students who have experienced trauma need support in order to create a classroom community where they can thrive and learn. This study examines a Whole-Child Approach purposely used in a sixth-grade classroom. A whole-child observation checklist was used to provide pre- and post- data in four areas: Relationship Building; Restorative Practices; Behavioral Recognition, Reminders, and Redirects; and Social-Emotional Skill Building. A teacher journal and mindfulness lessons were also used to triangulate data. This study shows that building a thriving classroom community where students learn can happen with students who have experienced trauma
A Psychometric Analysis of the School Success Profile 2020 Microthreat Scale Using Modern Measurement Theory Methods
Get PDFObjective: Microthreatening behaviors are often prevalent in school settings and can accumulate to create an array of negative impacts on students and staff. There is a substantive need for a scale that can help to measure student perceived microthreats. The primary aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of one such scale—the SSP 2020 Microthreat Scale—using modern measurement theory methods. Method: Data used in this study were collected from sixth through ninth grade students in three schools in in the southeastern region of the United States. Schools were using the SSP 2020 compendium to gain a better understanding of their students\u27 strengths and needs and to guide intervention choices. Results: We examined evidence for the adequacy of internal structure of the scale using CFA methods and assessed the reliability and precision of estimated scale scores using IRT methods. Further, we examined scale correlational relationships with other important conceptually related constructs. Scale performance in each of these areas was acceptable. Conclusion: These findings substantively contribute to the validity argument supporting the use of Microthreat Scale in schools. Further research is needed to examine how key factors and characteristics—e.g., gender, race, socioeconomic status, and cultural heritage—could drive differences in how students perceive microthreats
Exploring the Impact of Social Media, Health Communication, and Social Influences on College Students’ Perceived Effectiveness of the HPV Vaccine
Get PDFDespite the demonstrated potential of the HPV vaccine in preventing 90% of HPV infections, a large proportion of young adults remain unvaccinated. Given the influence of social media and interpersonal factors on HPV vaccine uptake, our study aims to examine the impact of social media, internet-based health communication, and social influences on perceived effectiveness of the HPV vaccine among college students in the US. Using data from a national sample of 2400 college students, we employed structural equation modeling to explore the relationship between social influence, social media, internet-based health communication, and perceived HPV vaccine effectiveness. Being female (β = 0.08, p\u3c0.05) and white (β = 0.15, p\u3c0.05) were significantly and positively associated with increased social media use. Conversely, being white was negatively associated with vaccine effectiveness (β = -0.91, p\u3c0.05), while being female showed a positive association (β = 0.44, p\u3c0.05). Social media use exhibited a positive association with social influence (β = 0.21, p\u3c0.05). Findings revealed no statistically significant relationships between social influence, social media, internet-based health communication and HPV vaccine effectiveness (p\u3c0.05). Further exploration is warranted to understand the nuanced dynamics of internet use and social influence in the context of HPV vaccine effectiveness
A case study regarding Ecuadorian farmers’ perspective on associative work in agriculture
Get PDFThis qualitative case study conducted in Ecuador aimed to explore the perspective of a group of farmers regarding agricultural associative work and assess their association\u27s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT analysis). The research is theoretically framed through the social capital theory and utilizes various methods, including one-on-one interviews, team group activities, flipcharts, field notes, and research memos. Four main topics emerged from the analysis: the importance of associative work, common goals and values, advantages and barriers of being part of the association. Participants expressed diverse perspectives on associative work, primarily focusing on the benefits and advantages of being associated. They perceived membership in an agricultural association positively and identified clear advantages of being part of it. The SWOT analysis revealed that product quality was the main strength of the association. However, the principal weakness was the lack of infrastructure, hindering the association\u27s operations and growth. The most significant opportunity identified was the need for technical assistance to enhance agricultural practices and productivity. The most repetitive threat was the challenge of low productivity due to climate change, which poses a significant risk to the farm sector. Recommendations were made to consider the perspectives of other farmers\u27 associations to gain additional insights into the role of such associations in Ecuadorian agriculture. Organizations working with small farmers are suggested to evaluate the current state of the associations they collaborate with. Conducting SWOT analyses will enable a comprehensive needs assessment of agricultural organizations, allowing for targeted interventions and support
Effects of Valopro Win Feeding Duration in Different Nursery Diet Types on Nursery Pig Growth Performance and Fecal Dry Matter
Get PDFA total of 300 pigs (DNA, Line 241 × 600; initially 12.3 ± 1.04 lb), were used to evaluate the effects of Valopro Win (VLPW) feeding duration on pig performance and fecal dry matter. Valopro Win contains a purified source of coarse indigestible fiber, oat hulls, and yeast autolysate. At weaning, pigs were blocked by body weight (BW) and then randomly assigned to pens and allotted to one of six dietary treatments in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, with main effects of formulation strategy (low ABC-4 without ZnO or high ABC-4 with ZnO) and VLPW feeding duration (0, 10, or 24 d). There were five pigs per pen and 10 pens per treatment. Experimental diets were formulated in two dietary phases from d 0 to 10 and d 10 to 24, with a common post-treatment diet fed from d 24 to 42. Low ABC-4 diets were formulated to 200 and 250 meq/kg from d 0 to 10 and d 10 to 24, respectively. High ABC-4 diets were formulated to 493 and 470 meq/kg and contained 2,990 and 1,910 ppm of Zn from ZnO from d 0 to 10 and d 10 to 24, respectively. Diets containing VLPW were formulated by replacing 2.5% of the diet with VLPW without making any nutritional adjustments. No interactions were observed (P \u3e 0.10) between VLPW feeding duration and formulation strategy on any response criteria. There was no significant effect (P \u3e 0.10) of VLPW feeding duration on growth performance; however, on d 10, pigs fed VLPW diets had increased fecal dry matter (P = 0.019). During the experimental period (d 0 to 24), pigs fed low ABC-4 diets with no ZnO had decreased (P \u3c 0.001) ADG, d 24 BW, and lower ADFI compared with pigs fed high ABC-4 with ZnO, but no significant differences (P \u3e 0.10) were observed in the overall period (d 0 to 42). On d 24, pigs fed low ABC-4 without ZnO diets had greater (P \u3c 0.001) fecal dry matter than those fed high ABC-4 with ZnO. In conclusion, even though pigs fed high ABC-4 diets containing ZnO had improved growth during the experimental feeding period, neither the use of VLPW nor the formulation strategies significantly affected overall nursery performance. However, fecal dry matter was increased on d 10 when pigs were fed VLPW and at d 24 when pigs were fed low ABC-4 diets without ZnO
Collection Policies and Requests for Reconsideration in Academic Libraries – a Kansas Perspective
Get PDFSound collections policy is essential for the efficient creation and management of any collection (Johnson, 2018). This is true in general from a purely practical viewpoint but becomes increasingly important philosophically in a time when there is a huge increase in challenges to specific library materials (ALA, 2024).
Academic libraries have traditionally considered their role to be to provide materials for study from a wide variety of viewpoints with often conflicting understandings, and although they have a long history of using collections policy to guide their acquisitions (Johnson, 2018) they have much less experience of requiring policy to fend off challenges to selected materials. Bell (2022), however, suggests that academic libraries need to be more prepared to face materials challenges in the light of emerging censorship trends occurring at the individual level as well as within state legislatures.
This paper explores the prevalence of collections policy in the public, four-year academic institutions in Kansas and, in particular, looked to see if there is policy information provided on requests for reconsideration of library materials. It also looked at how much of this policy is easily accessible online and therefore immediately available to members of the university and others. The paper concludes with suggestions for strengthening existing policy in this area as well as other preemptive actions that can be taken to ensure the integrity of library collections against threats of censorship
Associations of Self-reported Musculoskeletal Pain and Depressive Symptoms among U.S. Healthcare Workers
Get PDFHealthcare workers are prone to develop musculoskeletal pain because of the physical demands of their profession. While neck and back pain are believed to have a relationship with depression symptomatology, few studies have assessed this relationship among healthcare workers. The purposes of this study were to identify the: prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and depressive symptoms among healthcare workers; association between musculoskeletal pain and depressive symptoms; and the association between musculoskeletal pain and severity of depressive symptomatology among those with self-reported depressive symptoms. Data from 1,205 healthcare workers in the 2018 National Health Insurance Survey were analyzed. In Phase 1, a logistic regression model was fitted to assess the relationship between self-reported neck and back pain and depressive symptoms. Then, in Phase 2, a logistic regression model was fitted for participants with self-reported depressive symptoms (n=501) to identify associations of neck and back pain with the severity of depressive symptomatology. About 74.9% of the study participants were female, 42.7% aged 41-64 years, 34.5% reported musculoskeletal pain, while 41.7% reported depressive symptoms. Low back pain was the most prevalent body pain (18.7%). Healthcare workers with neck pain only (OR=2.11, P=0.047), low back pain only (OR=2.19, PPHealthcare workers could benefit from multi-faceted public health interventions to simultaneously improve their musculoskeletal pain and depressive symptoms (e.g., ergonomic evaluation, stress management, one-on-one or group counseling)