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Effects of Hydrolyzed Yeast on Weanling Pig Growth Performance and Stress-related Blood Antioxidant Criteria
No full textA total of 360 weanling pigs (241 × 600 DNA; initially 11.9 ± 0.03 lb) were used in a 45-d study to evaluate the effects of hydrolyzed yeast (HY; Ceretide S, Planet Bioscience; Boon Lay Way, Singapore) on growth performance, fecal dry matter, stress-relevant blood antioxidant criteria, and circulating cytokine concentrations. Pens of pigs were randomly allotted to one of six dietary treatments in a generalized randomized block design with five pigs per pen and 12 pens per treatment. Pigs were blocked so there were four replications each of light, medium, and heavyweight pens per treatment. Diets were corn-soybean meal-based and consisted of a negative control diet (NC), a positive control diet (PC), which was the negative control diet + 55 mg/kg carbadox (Mecadox 2.5, Phibro; Teaneck, NJ), the positive control diet with 0.04% HY (Ceretide S, Planet Bioscience; Boon Lay Way, Singapore), and the negative control diet with either 0.04, 0.08, or 0.12% HY. Treatment diets were fed in three phases from d 0 to 10 (phase 1), d 10 to 24 (phase 2), and d 24 to 45 (phase 3). On d 10 and 24, fecal samples were collected from the same three randomly selected pigs in each pen to determine fecal dry matter (DM) and fecal scores. Blood samples were collected on d 10 and 45 from the same representative pig in each pen for total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and cytokine panel. The interactive effect of HY and carbadox were tested, and no significant responses (P \u3e 0.10) were observed. From d 0 to 10 (phase 1), there was a main effect of carbadox, where pigs fed either diet containing carbadox had increased (P ≤ 0.025) ADG and d 10 BW compared with the mean of those not fed carbadox with either none or 0.04% HY. From d 10 to 24 (phase 2), F/G improved (P = 0.041) when 0.04% HY was added to the PC and NC diets. From d 24 to 45 (phase 3), ADFI increased (P = 0.041) for pigs fed diets containing carbadox compared to pigs not fed carbadox, which led to a tendency for ADG to increase (P = 0.087) with carbadox inclusion. Overall (d 0 to 45), final BW increased (P = 0.026) and ADG tended to increase (P = 0.058) for pigs fed diets containing carbadox compared to pigs fed diets without carbadox. Also, F/G improved (P = 0.017) when 0.04% HY was added to the PC and NC diets. For fecal DM on d 10, increasing HY in diets without carbadox increased fecal DM (linear, P = 0.005). Also, pigs fed carbadox had increased (P ≤ 0.009) fecal DM on d 10 and 24 compared to pigs fed similar diets without carbadox. On d 10, cytokines GM-CSF, IL-2, IL-4, and TNFα decreased then increased (quadratic, P \u3c 0.05) and IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 tended to decrease then increase (quadratic, P \u3c 0.10) as the inclusion of HY increased in diets without carbadox, with the lowest concentration observed at an inclusion level of 0.08% HY and 0.04% for GM-CSF. On d 45, TAC decreased (linear, P = 0.008) as the inclusion level of HY increased. In summary, pigs fed carbadox with or without 0.04% HY had increased overall ADG and fecal DM. Adding 0.04% HY with carbadox improved feed efficiency compared to pigs fed carbadox alone. Additionally, feeding 0.04% HY tended to improve F/G with further reduction in serum cytokine concentration levels at an inclusion of 0.08%
The Pursuit to Develop a Theoretical Approach to Obtaining Multicultural Autonomy in Agricultural and Extension Education
Get PDFA lot goes into the development of an individual’s identity. Cultural beliefs and the cultural milieu of one’s story-lined upbringing establish the foundation that allows for the unique development of an individual and to whom that individual can naturally connect. The learner receives positive, negative, or stagnant growth based on their teacher’s cultural development. The purpose of this philosophical manuscript is to synthesize the development of self by the provenances that define an educator’s comfortability level and an approach to expanding provenances to reach a homogenous learning community that can positively outturn the agriculture industry and the education profession. A concept coined Multicultural Autonomy and Multicultural Autonomous Agricultural Educator is introduced to provide a foundation for assisting post-secondary students and adults in obtaining the necessary skills to teach a growing population of diverse learners
Prenatal COVID-19 Vaccine Recommendations: Physician Behaviors, Comfort, and Perceived Patient Receptiveness
Get PDFNumerous professional organizations and obstetric associations endorse prenatal COVID-19 vaccination. Whereas there are no safety concerns for receiving a COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy, COVID-19 infection at delivery can cause devastating maternal and fetal outcomes. In this study, we assessed physicians’ behaviors of discussing and recommending COVID-19 vaccinations to their pregnant patients. We recruited a sample of prenatal physicians (n = 201) in June 2021 via an online survey panel. We assessed the proportion of providers discussing and recommending the COVID-19 vaccine to their pregnant patients, physician comfort in recommending the COVID-19 vaccination to their pregnant patients, and their perception of their patients’ receptiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine. We used R for conducting bivariate analyses. Most providers discussed (85%) and recommended (83%) the COVID-19 vaccine to over half of their prenatal patients. Providers reported overall comfort in recommending the vaccine to prenatal patients and reported prenatal patients were open and receptive to receiving the vaccine. High recommending providers (those who discussed and recommended the COVID-19 with more than half of their prenatal patients) reported feeling more confident than providers who discussed (p \u3c .001) and recommended (p \u3c .001) the vaccine to less than half of their patients (low recommending providers). Similarly, compared to low recommending providers, high discussing (p \u3c .001) and low recommending providers (p \u3c .001) perceived their prenatal patients were more open and receptive to receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. Findings indicate that skill-building and decision-aid tools for providers’ vaccine recommendations are warranted. Future studies should focus on provider recommendations that can support pregnant patients in informed decision-making
The Art of (Un)Accompaniment: Salvadoran Child Refugee Narratives in the Twenty-first Century
Get PDFIn the US cultural imaginary, Salvadorans and other Central Americans are often identified as guerrillas, criminals, and “illegal” immigrants (Padilla 2022; Rodríguez 2001), but rarely are they recognized as political refugees. In particular, Salvadorans, fleeing from what a former US president indecorously called “sh*t hole countries,” have come to represent an eminent “Latino threat” (Chávez 2008). In line with this representational regime, more recent Salvadoran asylum seekers, among others, have been subject to extreme US immigration deterrent policies, such as the Zero Tolerance Policy; Remain in Mexico Plan or Migrant Protection Protocols; Public Charge Rule; and challenges to the 1997 Flores Agreement, the DACA Program, and Temporary Protected Status (TPS). This essay argues that while Salvadorans were generally denied political asylum and refugee status in the 1980s, in the twenty-first century, they are redefining the subjective space of refugees by telling their own stories in a new array of ever-expanding “refugee” narratives. Drawing from the philosophy and practice of accompaniment as proposed by slain Salvadoran archbishop and now Saint Óscar A. Romero, this essay further contends that these Salvadoran refugee texts not only document the perilous migrant journey through multiple countries, but also position readers as witnesses to the plight endured by migrants. In this process, these texts produce counternarratives, or what might be called an “art of (un)accompaniment,” invoking the words of Pope Francis (2013), which seeks to walk with migrants (refugees) and evoke compassion and legal measures for them, but often comes short of it. Focusing on the representation and focalization of Salvadoran child migrants and refugees, this essay provides a deep analysis of the poetic voices in the works of Jorge Argueta (Jimena Pérez Can Fly 2019; Caravan to the North: Misael’s Long Walk 2019) and Javier Zamora (Unaccompanied 2017)
The Community College Presidents’ Initiative in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
Get PDFThe nation’s community colleges play a key role in addressing the need to expand and diversify the STEM technological workforce. However, significant barriers must be overcome for the programs to meet the increasing demand for skilled employees. The programs are expensive to establish and maintain; community colleges are generally underfunded; faculty, staff, and administrators are often not experienced in raising external funding or establishing partnerships with business and industry; and, most community colleges are small institutions without grants offices or staff experienced in preparing grant proposals.
The Community College Presidents’ Initiative in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (CCPI-STEM) is a multifaceted project, funded by the Advanced Technological Education (ATE) Program at the National Science Foundation (NSF), intended to inform community college leaders and aspiring leaders about the importance of STEM workforce challenges and to assist them and their faculty and staff in securing grant funding and implementing needed programs. This manuscript will provide an overview of CCPI-STEM
Ethical Leadership in Community Colleges: Navigating Challenges through the Lenses of Justice, Critique, Care, and Local Community
Get PDFCommunity colleges face many challenges post-pandemic in fulfilling their open-access mission while weathering increasing complexities, resource limitations, and overall declining confidence in higher education. Ethical leadership is required for community college leaders seeking to successfully address these challenges. Ethical leadership paradigms can be valuable tools in helping leaders understand their values and the implications these values have on the decisions they make. This article uses Wood and Nevarez’s (2014) four-paradigm framework of the Ethic of Justice, Ethic of Critique, Ethic of Care, and Ethic of Local Community to explore ethical paradigms and their application within the community college leadership setting. The authors argue that the use of all four ethical paradigms best positions a community college leader to successfully weather current and future challenges higher education will face
The Effects of Aging Period and Freezing Sequence on Consumer Palatability Ratings, Tenderness, and Color Stability of Longissimus Dorsi, Semitendinosus, and Biceps Femoris Steaks
Get PDFObjective: The objective of this study was to examine the effect of freezing and aging sequence on palatability, overall tenderness, and objective color readings of three different beef muscles and two aging periods.
Study Description: The longissimus dorsi (LD), semitendinosus (ST), and biceps femoris (BF) were fabricated into 1-in steaks and assigned to one of the following treatment combinations: age (21 days) then freeze, freeze then age (21 days), age (28 days) then freeze, or freeze then age (28 days). Consumers evaluated samples for flavor, juiciness, tenderness, overall liking, and acceptability for each sensory trait. Samples designated for Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) were allowed 20 minutes to bloom for raw color evaluation and then cooked for analysis.
Results: The freezing treatment or aging period did not impact (P \u3e 0.05) consumer sensory rating of tenderness, flavor, or overall liking. The consumers rated the LD as the juiciest (P \u3c 0.05) compared to the ST and BF. As expected, the LD resulted in the highest (P \u3c 0.05) tenderness rating for the consumer. The LD had the lowest (P \u3c 0.05) WBSF values, indicating it was the most tender. Within flavor, the consumers rated the LD as the most flavorful (P \u3c 0.05) followed by the ST, and then the BF. For raw and cooked color, the L* (lightness) values differed (P \u3c 0.05) between all main effects, including freezing treatments (Age Freeze \u3e Freeze Age), aging periods (21 days \u3e 28 days), and muscle (ST \u3e LD \u3e BF). These results showed freezing and then aging or aging and then freezing does not affect palatability or shear force values. This indicates that reversing the freezing order is not an effective way to improve the tenderness of historically tough muscles.
The Bottom Line: The results indicate reversing the typical age and freezing order does not improve tenderness and therefore is not a valid way to improve palatability of historically tough muscles
Academia and Society: Reading Michel Houellebecq’s Submission as an Academic Novel
Get PDFThe article explores the relations between academia and society and the role of academicians in public and social life as represented in Michel Houellebecq’s 2015 novel Submission. Faithful to the author’s postmodernist poetics of destabilization and deconstruction, the novel problematizes the question of the responsibility and commitment of academia to society. The first part advances a reading of Submission as an academic novel narrative and elucidates its adherence to the genre by tracing features, topoi, and devices endemic to the genre. The second part goes on to interpret key scenes that demonstrate the satirical handling of academia, chiefly the juxtaposition between the faculty life in which the protagonist is embroiled on campus and the political intrigue taking place outside the gates of academia. The two divergent directions in which Houellebecq leads us are the over-involvement in politics, on the one hand, serving political interests with dire implications on research and teaching, and, on the other hand, the under-involvement in political life, which amounts to the ivory tower disengaging from the teeming reality below it
Wheat Variety Test Results for South Central Kansas – 2024
Get PDFSouth Central Kansas is a significant wheat production region for the state. Variety selection is an important management decision to maximize profitability that growers face every season. This report summarizes the results of winter wheat variety tests for 2023-2024 in six locations
Maximizing Diabetes Management: A Comparative Study of Digital Monitoring, Group Support, and Their Synergy in Enhancing Patient Adherence
Get PDFThis study evaluated the effectiveness of digital self-monitoring (MySugr app), group psychological support, and their combination in improving adherence and mental health in patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 79 patients were recruited from a public health center in Zaragoza, Spain, and randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) MySugr app, (2) bi-weekly group sessions, or (3) a combined intervention. Adherence to diet, physical activity, and medication was assessed at baseline, 3, and 6 months. Anxiety (GAD-7), depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), and HbA1c were also measured. The combined group showed the greatest improvements in adherence to diet and physical activity, both p \u3c 0.05. Anxiety scores (GAD-7) significantly decreased (p \u3c 0.05), while depressive symptoms (PHQ-9) showed a moderate reduction. HbA1c levels improved across all conditions, with the largest decrease observed in the combined intervention group (p \u3c 0.05). Integrating digital tools with group psychological support enhances both adherence and mental health outcomes in type 2 diabetes management, suggesting that multimodal interventions may be more effective than stand-alone approaches