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An Examination of Legal Status, Law Enforcement Perception, and Crime Victimization and Reporting Among Hispanic Immigrants
No full textThis study relied on in-depth interviews with naturalized citizens and lawful permanent resident Hispanic immigrants to explore their perceptions of law enforcement and experiences with crime victimization and reporting. Past literature has explained that the absence of legal status may deter crime reporting. We added to this body of work by investigating relationships among legal status, trust, and reporting behaviors. This study finds that direct experiences with law enforcement and acquired knowledge may be a better indicator of law enforcement trust and crime reporting compared to legal status. While most participants expressed trust in law enforcement, others felt neutral due to contemporary immigration enforcement or perceptions of lack of support. Hesitance or lack of reporting was associated with lack of legal status in a few victimization cases. Implications suggest that strong community-based policing and acknowledgment that local law enforcement differs from immigration enforcement may mitigate distrus
Synthesis of Phenyl-Substituted Zinc Dipyrrin Photosensitizer for Carbon Dioxide Reduction
No full textThe release of CO₂ from fossil fuel combustion drives the need for its conversion into more sustainable options like CO and CH₄ via photocatalytic reduction. This process requires a catalyst, sensitizer, and electron donor. Zinc dipyrrin-based complexes are promising photosensitizers, offering an alternative to expensive, rare-metal-based systems. Most first-row transition metal dipyrrin compounds have short excited-state lifetimes due to rapid nonradiative decay, but Zn(II) dipyrrin complexes stand out. With a d¹⁰ configuration, they lack deactivating ligand field states and can access long-lived triplet states through a charge-separated intermediate. A phenyl-substituted Zn(II) dipyrrin complex was synthesized and studied using NMR to understand how aromatic groups affect its photophysics. The synthesis was done to improve triplet formation and excited-state lifetime. TLC and NMR indicated unreacted starting materials, likely due to steric hindrance from bulky phenyl groups or slow reaction kinetics, which limited the overall efficiency of complex formation and resulted in low product yield
2025 November 13 - Academic Council Agenda and Minutes
No full textThe Academic Council convened on November 13, 2025, to review agenda items including approval of previous minutes, action items, and updates on ongoing institutional initiatives. The primary action item was the introduction and approval of a new Bachelor of Business Administration program in Hospitality and Tourism Management, presented by Dr. Kelly Hall and Dr. Tony Pittarese. The proposal emphasized applied learning, alignment with accreditation standards, regional workforce demand, and strong labor‑market data indicating significant employer needs across Tennessee and neighboring states. The council also received a comprehensive strategic planning update from Dr. Hoff, who outlined ETSU’s alignment with upcoming Tennessee Higher Education Commission goals, progress across institutional priorities, and major initiatives such as enrollment management, academic portfolio review, research growth, facility enhancements, and the Voyager ERP transition. Highlights included increased enrollment metrics, gains in retention and graduation rates, expanded research output, and recognition as a Great College to Work For. Announcements included upcoming university events, such as the annual Book Plate Ceremony and a presentation of year‑two milestones for the Go Beyond the Classroom QEP. The meeting concluded at 9:19 a.m.*
*This abstract was generated with AI assistance using Microsoft 365 Copilot and has been checked and deemed reliable
Teachers’ Perceptions of Leadership Practices on Inclusive Education in Rural Appalachian Elementary Schools
Get PDFThe purpose of this phenomenological study was to examine fifth-grade teachers’ perceptions of principal practices related to the academic achievement of students with disabilities in inclusive schools in the Appalachian region of North Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. The study focused on rural Appalachian schools because they face unique challenges related to poverty, isolation, and limited resources that can influence their ability to provide inclusive education.
Data collection strategies included semi-structured individual interviews and document review. The data analysis strategies included transcription of interviews, member checking, coding, and identifying themes. To ensure credibility of findings, rigorous measures such as coding and re-coding, establishing a chain of evidence, peer debriefing, and member checking were employed, enhancing the credibility and dependability of the research outcomes.
Analysis of the data revealed six key themes: data-driven decision-making, vision for learning, instructional leadership, teacher support, school culture and expectations, and inclusive practices. Data-driven decision-making emerged as a critical factor, with principals actively using student performance data to guide instruction and improve outcomes. A strong vision for learning was emphasized, with principals setting high expectations and fostering an inclusive academic environment. Instructional leadership practices supported teachers through guidance, flexibility, and active classroom engagement. Principals were pivotal in providing logistical and emotional support to teachers, which was reinforced through open communication. School culture, shaped by high expectations and a sense of community, was highlighted as essential to fostering an inclusive and supportive environment. Finally, inclusive practices ensured that students with disabilities were integrated into all aspects of school life, promoting both academic and social inclusion
Acedia: A Link between Incivility and Burnout in Nursing
No full textAcedia: A Link between Incivility and Burnout in Nursing
Scientific Abstract
Introduction & Background: Incivility and burnout exist in nursing. Incivility is disrespectful overt and covert verbal and non-verbal behaviors intentionally exhibited to hurt another person. Burnout symptoms follow prolonged unrelieved stress and frustration. Both cause deleterious physical, cognitive, emotional, and social difficulties for nurses and nursing students. Education is needed before these problems are experienced. Incivility education includes cognitive rehearsal and therapeutic communication techniques. Burnout education focuses on self-care education and stress reduction. Acedia is a medieval term for understanding the work which needs to be completed while lacking the physical energy, cognitive drive, and emotional caring to innervate necessary task completion. Apathy may link these three concepts.
Purpose Statement Question: How can understanding the concept of acedia help nurses identify, interpret, and intervene to reduce or stop incivility and burnout behaviors?
Literature review: Research identifies the manifestations of acedia in medieval times as anergia, lethargy, slough, somnolence, avolition, depression, anxiety, cognitive fog, and apathy. This “Noonday Demon” appeared after the mid-day meal much like our contemporary afternoon slump. Acedia in nursing is a knowledge gap.
Findings: Psychologists and Seventh Day Adventists have been study samples, but not nurses. Research is needed to identify acedia in nurses.
Conclusions: Acedia did not end in the 7th century. The disrespect in incivility and self-neglect in burnout may be collectively addressed as a care deficit, or apathy, in a person experiencing 21st century acedia.
Keywords: Acedia, incivility, burnout, nurses, nursing student
Improving Access to Ophthalmic Care for Medicaid Patients in Tennessee
Get PDFPrior AAO data has determined that 93.8% of Tennesseans live as close or closer to an ophthalmologist than to their nearest Walmart. This study intends to analyze access to care for patients in Tennessee’s Medicaid program (TennCare). TennCare comprises four different health plans administered by three different Managed Care Organizations (MCOs): UnitedHealthcare Community Plan, Wellpoint (formerly Amerigroup), BlueCare, and TennCare Select, the latter two being administered by Blue Cross Blue Shield. In the vulnerable population receiving TennCare coverage, there are concerns about care across various specialties. This project aims to quantify ophthalmologist access for TennCare patients. Tennessee ophthalmology practices were sampled with an AAO-maintained practice register with additional practices searched via Google Maps. Practices were contacted by phone using a standardized script, marked as a TennCare provider if they accepted any of the four TennCare health plans, then plotted by their primary location’s county. Each Tennessean county population was plotted using 2023-estimated U.S. Census Bureau population data (range: 5,128-910,042). 47 active ophthalmology practices were identified using the AAO data with an additional 32 active practices identified via Google Maps. Of these 79 practices, 68 (86%) practices accepted at least one form of TennCare. Of Tennessee’s 95 counties, 19 were home to the primary location of at least one (range: 1-13) TennCare ophthalmology practice. While 64.75% of Tennesseans live in a county with a TennCare practice, when including contiguous counties, the proportion becomes 94.20%. Limitations to this study can be addressed in follow-up investigations, where future directions include recording numbers and subspecialty of individual ophthalmologists and documenting satellite locations. Stratifying practices by accepted health plans and comparing to health plans held by Tennesseans in unique counties could help quantify the number of per capita TennCare providers in different state regions and better determine access to care
