Nippon Sport Science University
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Development of a real-time information sharing system for sports environment research in special needs schools and its application to field research
Get PDFWe have developed a real-time information sharing system to investigate the sport environment in special needs schools. A survey using the system shows that a wide range of departments, from primary schools to high schools, are taking various approaches towards physical education and physical education-like classes. The sharing of information through the nationwide information network system developed in this paper will help towards more tailored classes for pupils in schools and, in turn, be one of the means to-wards the spread and promotion of sport for the special needs.特別支援学校のスポーツ環境を調査するリアルタイム情報共有システムを開発した。同システムを利用した調査から，小学校から高等学校まで幅広く，体育や体育的授業への取り組みが多様化していることが明らかとなった。本論文で構築した全国的な情報ネットワークシステムによる情報共有は，学校における生徒に一層より沿った授業に役立ち，ひいては障害者スポーツの普及と促進に向けた手段の1つとなり得る。短報departmental bulletin pape
Effects and usefulness of taking Dementia Supporter Education Lecture for paramedic training students
Get PDFIn Japan, where the population is aging, more than 60% of all patients transported by ambulance are el-derly. Paramedics have many opportunities to come into contact with the elderly at emergency scenes. However, when the patient has dementia, it is difficult to interview the symptom or to make an initial physical examination for abnormalities. We held the “Dementia supporter education lecture,” which is being promoted as a policy of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, into the education of paramedic students and examined its usefulness.
Approximately 70% of the students did not have dementia patients around them in their family and friends. After attending this course, they deepened their understanding of how to deal with dementia patients. By inviting lecturers from the neighbor, they gained an understanding of our education policy. We produced 70 dementia supporters, which also contributed to the community.高齢化が進展している日本では，救急搬送人員の60％以上が高齢者となった。救急救命士は，救急現場で高齢者と接する機会が多い。しかし，傷病者が認知症であった場合，問診や身体初見の異常の有無の検査が困難となる。救急救命士養成課程学生の教育に，厚生労働省の施策として普及啓発されている「認知症サポーター養成講座」を導入し，その有用性について検証した。
約7割の学生は，日常生活では身近に認知症患者がいなかった。本講座の受講後，認知症傷病者の対応等の理解を深めた。地域から講師を招聘したことにより，地域住民に本学の教育の理解を得た。70名の認知症サポーターを養成したことで，地域貢献にもつながった。原著論文departmental bulletin pape
Changes in running motion types of male distance runners in 10000 m races
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to investigate running motion types of Japanese male distance runners in official 10000 m races from viewpoint of logarithmic step length and step frequency and changes in the running motion types from the first half to the second one of the races. Two-dimensional motion analysis technique with a single video camera operating at 120 Hz was used to calculate the running kinematics of eighteen elite and sixteen student male distance runners. The cluster analysis with the Ward’ method was employed to classify the running motion types of the runners. The running type for each runner was compared at 4150 m and 8150 m marks of the races. The major results were as follows.
1) Three running motion types classified were step length type (SL-type), step frequency type (SF-type) and mid-type (Mid-type).
2) Twenty runners as Transition-type changed their running motion in progress of the races and fourteen runners as Stationary type did not significantly change their running motion types.
3) The logarithmic SL ratio was smaller and the logarithmic SF ratio was larger for the SF-type and mid-type, while the logarithmic SL ratio was slightly larger for the mid-type than for the SF-type. On the other hand, the SL-type had a large logarithmic SL ratio and a small logarithmic SF ratio.
4) While ten out of Elite runners achieving good records in the races were the Transition-type from SF-type or Mid-type to SL-types, 12 of 16 student runners belonged to the Stationary type of SF-type or Mid-type.
5) Most of the student-athletes belonged to the Stationary type, which had a small logarithmic SL ratio and a large logarithmic SF ratio. In addition, they were not able to reduce their step length sufficiently in the latter half of the race, resulting in a significant decrease in running speed. Therefore, student-athletes should learn running techniques to make their step length longer: 1.11 to 1.13 times of the height.本研究の目的は，公式の10000 m走のレースにおける日本人男子長距離走選手の走動作タイプを対数ステップ長比および対数ステップ頻度比を用いて，レース前半と後半における走動作タイプの変化を明らかにすることである。2次元動作分析法を用いてビデオカメラを120 Hzに設定し一流男子選手18名と学生男子選手16名の走動作の分析を行った。また，タイプ分けにはward法を用いたクラスター分析により走動作のタイプを分類し，4150 m地点と8150 m地点での各走者の走法を比較した。
結果は以下のとおりである。
1）走動作のタイプは，ステップ長タイプ （SL），ステップ頻度タイプ （SF），中間タイプ （Mid） の3種類に分類された。
2）レースの進行に伴って走動作タイプが変化した走者（移行型）は20名，走動作タイプが変化しなかった走者（固定型）は14名であり，移行型の方が多かった。
3）SF-typeおよびMid-typeでは，対数SL比が小さく，対数SF比が大きかったが，Mid-typeでは対数SL比がSF-typeよりやや大きかった。一方，SL-typeでは対数SL比が大きく，対数SF比が小さかった。
4）レースで好記録を示した一流選手のうち10名がSF-typeまたはMid-typeからSL-typeへのタイプ移行型であるのに対し，学生選手16名のうち12名がSF-typeまたはMid-typeのタイプ固定型に属していた。
5）学生選手の多くは固定型に属しており，対数SL比は小さく，対数SF比は大きかった。また，レース後半においてステップ長の低下を十分に抑えることができなかったため，走速度の大きな低下を招いていた。したがって，学生選手にはステップ長を大きくできる（身長の1.11～1.13倍）走動作を身に付けることが薦められる。原著論文departmental bulletin pape
