113588 research outputs found
Sort by
Precambrian Geologic Map of the Bradshaw Mountains, Bumble Bee 7.5’ Quadrangle, Central Arizona v. 2.0
No full textThis report summarizes a collection of Precambrian geologic maps of the Bradshaw Mountains completed by Philip Anderson and including a foreword by Steven Reynolds, Michael Conway, Julia Johnson, Michael Doe, and Nyal Neimut, written in 2017. The original map is included along with the report. Other geologic maps from the Anderson collection preserved as part of this effort are published as DGM-284, DGM-285, DGM-286, DGM-287, DGM-288, DGM-289, DGM-290, and DGM-291. Note that not all maps from the original Anderson report were revised. The report is part of a digital republication of one geologic map within this collection, originally created 1977-1984 by the Arizona Geological Survey with financial support from the U.S. Geological Survey. Preparation for republication was conducted by students from the University of Arizona with financial support from the National Geological and Geophysical Data Preservation Program, award number G24AP00258 and included the production of a new GIS geodatabase and a revised map layout. The following text report has not been altered and remains identical to the 1977-1984 original, but there may be situations where unit names, ages, symbology, or other geologic information contained within this report do not match the information presented in the new map layout of the GIS geodatabase.Documents in the AZGS Documents Repository collection are made available by the Arizona Geological Survey (AZGS) and the University Libraries at the University of Arizona. For more information about items in this collection, please contact [email protected]
Zernike Sensitivty Based Machine Learning Aided Optical Alignment
No full textThe science of telescope alignment is a puzzle to solve what compensator and degree(s) of freedom (DOF) to use and how far it needs to move to achieve the goal of minimizing the total wavefront error. How far the compensator needs to move is determined by an optimizer such as Zernike sensitivity analysis, which solves a system of linear equations to determine an alignment solution1. The alignment solution, as determined by the optimizer, is only as good as the compensator selection allows it to be. This represents a classic case of bad in, bad out. Traditionally, the choice of compensator comes from an understanding of the Zernike sensitivities and selecting the compensator that is most sensitive to the Zernike term that is to be minimized. This approach alone can be challenging to determine the absolute best set of compensators to use to minimize the wavefront error while also minimizing the number of alignment iterations and the number of compensators used. Implementing a trained machine learning neural network algorithm to aid in compensator selection will result in a reduction in alignment iterations to achieve a minimized solution. Any of three training methodologies can be used in the aid of optical alignment, the three methods are all based on the design specific Zernike sensitivities. The methods are Field Variation, Local Sensitivity, and Global Sensitivity. All methods, without human involvement, will align to a global minimum in less alignment iterations than a trained human. With a trained human who understands Zernike sensitivities and how they can be used to select compensators, all three methods will result in a reduction in compensators use to achieve the global minimum in less alignment iterations
Precambrian Geologic Map of the Bradshaw Mountains, Groom Creek 7.5’ Quadrangle, Central Arizona v. 2.0
No full textThis report summarizes a collection of Precambrian geologic maps of the Bradshaw Mountains completed by Philip Anderson and including a foreword by Steven Reynolds, Michael Conway, Julia Johnson, Michael Doe, and Nyal Neimut, written in 2017. The original map is included along with the report. Other geologic maps from the Anderson collection preserved as part of this effort are published as DGM-282, DGM-284, DGM-285, DGM-286, DGM-287, DGM-289, DGM-290, and DGM-291. Note that not all maps from the original Anderson report were revised. The report is part of a digital republication of one geologic map within this collection, originally created 1975-1985 by the Arizona Geological Survey with financial support from the U.S. Geological Survey. Preparation for republication was conducted by students from the University of Arizona with financial support from the National Geological and Geophysical Data Preservation Program, award number G24AP00258 and included the production of a new GIS geodatabase and a revised map layout. The following text report has not been altered and remains identical to the 1975-1985 original, but there may be situations where unit names, ages, symbology, or other geologic information contained within this report do not match the information presented in the new map layout of the GIS geodatabase.Documents in the AZGS Documents Repository collection are made available by the Arizona Geological Survey (AZGS) and the University Libraries at the University of Arizona. For more information about items in this collection, please contact [email protected]
35 - Chamorrita Song
No full textDanielle P. Williams reading poems from Chamorrita SongThese recordings are made available by the University of Arizona Press and University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions about this title, please contact the UA Press at http://www.uapress.arizona.edu/
01 - Whenever I tell this story
No full textDanielle P. Williams reading poems from Chamorrita SongThese recordings are made available by the University of Arizona Press and University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions about this title, please contact the UA Press at http://www.uapress.arizona.edu/
Role of G3BP Proteins in Regulation of the Cell Cycle and DNA Damage Response
No full textG3BP1 and G3BP2 are evolutionarily conserved RNA-binding proteins best known for their roles in the assembly of cytoplasmic stress granules (SG), where they function as mRNA-binding scaffold proteins. However, work from the past twenty years indicates that G3BP proteins also play critical, SG-independent roles in many processes, including the cell cycle and DNA damage response. This dissertation first reviews the literature concerning SG-dependent and SG-independent roles of G3BP proteins, with a special emphasis on their roles in cancer. Following this, I briefly review the cell cycle and DNA damage response, with special emphasis on the mechanisms of DNA replication stress and the spindle assembly checkpoint.In chapter 2, I present my thesis research describing novel roles for G3BP1 and G3BP2 in regulation of DNA replication stress and the spindle assembly checkpoint (in collaboration with Louis Dillac) and examine potential pathways through which G3BP proteins are impacting these processes. Specifically, I show that in response to and recovery from hydroxyurea, a DNA replication stressor, G3BP1 and G3BP2 play distinct roles in cell cycle re-entry and DNA repair, which may be explained in part by deficiencies in the expression of DNA replication and repair-associated factors. I further demonstrate that these novel functions of G3BP1 and G3BP2 are SG-independent. Our studies also revealed that G3BP2Δ cells exhibit evidence of mitotic slippage (stable bypassing of M-phase), and reveal dysregulated CDK1-Cyclin-B and p53-mediated mitotic surveillance pathways as possible explanations for this phenotype. This work provides important new insight into paralog-specific functions of G3BP proteins, independent of their roles in SG assembly, that may provide clues to the progression of many cancer types exhibiting copy number variations in one or both of these proteins.Release after 01/27/202
Secure Millimeter Wave Communications for Next Generation Networks
No full textNext-generation (NextG) wireless networks will realize a new communication paradigm characterized by high spectral, energy, and cost efficiency, ultra-high data rates, ultra-low latency, dense connectivity, and advanced physical sensing. These advancements will foster a wide range of emerging applications, including Industry 5.0, connected autonomous vehicles, collaborative robotics, and augmented reality. To meet these ambitious targets, new advancements in all layers of wireless networks are necessary. Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications and integrated and sensing (ISAC) systems stand out as keyenabling technologies at the physical layer. Despite the performance promises, the new capabilities pose novel security concerns which are the main focus of this dissertation. The first security challenge stems from the fundamental requirement for beam management in mmWave communications due to the directional nature of mmWave transmissions. Compared with omnidirectional systems, directional transmissions require continuous beam alignment and tracking. We investigate security vulnerabilities in beam management functions and demonstrate the feasibility of various beam stealing and denial-of-service attacks. We counter such attacks using non-malleable properties of the physical propagation environment, which allow detecting adversarial interference in beam management functions. We further investigate attacks against Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) systems, where the dual use of waveforms for communication and sensing creates an expanded attack surface. We demonstrate that ISAC is susceptible to sophisticated sensing attacks, including target spoofing and target elimination, which can deceive the system into perceiving ghost targets or hiding real ones. As a countermeasure, we develop a moving target defense that randomizes key waveform parameters, thus making it difficult to launch effective online attacks. The introduced waveform randomization does not disrupt the communication function of ISAC, and remains compliant with relevant standards. As an alternative way to defend against active attacks, we advance radio frequency fingerprinting (RFF) identification and device distinction methods for the mmWave frequencies. The main idea is to detect unauthorized signal injections based on the intrinsic hardware imperfections imprinted on radio signals. We propose and train new deep learning networks that generalize the mmWave channel and isolate the the hardware variations for the purposes of device classification and device distinction. Finally, We utilize the secure primitives developed at the physical layer to bridge the gap between physical and digital trust in cyber-physical systems. We propose novel ISAC-enabled cyber-physical trust binding protocols for connected autonomous vehicles
A Simple Improvement in Estimating Plant Water Status and the Diurnal Transpiration Rate in Cotton at the Genotypic Level
No full textPlant transpiration is sensitive to light intensity, soil water availability, air temperature, and humidity, which can differ not only between species but also among genotypes, resulting in distinct water use behavior on both daily
and seasonal time scales, and which directly impacts crop productivity. The capability of continuous measuring transpiration, which relies strongly on complex genotype-by-environment interactions (GxE), is difficult to scale up.
The mathematical models for stomatal conductance are based on the assumption that the intercellular space inside leaves is constantly saturated, which conveniently allows its calculation based on the leaves' temperature. However, this assumption has been refuted; nonetheless, a methodology to continuously estimate the air space humidity in leaves in the field remains a challenge. The use of porometers in diurnal measurements of water vapor flux from the leaf supports the classification of plant water status and transpiration rates, In this research, we propose a new methodology that employs canopy temperature (Tc) from stationary infrared cameras and air temperature (Ta) with relative humidity of the air (RHair) from an automatic weather station to calculate an empirical canopy relative humidity (RHcanopy). This metric is expected to represent the average water vapor pressure in the intercellular airspaces inside the leaves at the canopy level and has demonstrated a strong prediction of log(?stem) and the relative humidity of the sample by a porometer, both at the genotypic level. This improved approach enables the calculation of the air and canopy relative humidity difference (RHdiff), which is a predictor of apparent transpiration and an indicator of biomass accumulation. This utilitarian and straightforward metric can also be employed to classify the threshold at which a genotype ceases to transpire; it aligns well with key physiological and environmental stress indicators, such as the crop water stress index (CWSI), ?stem, and volumetric water content in the soil (VSWC).Release after 04/11/202
"Nothing Without Labor:" The Work(ings) of Whiteness in a Child-Saving Institution
No full textThe United States has a long and troubling history of child-saving– a term used here to describe the interworking institutions, policies, practices, and individual efforts aimed at uplifting economically and racially marginalized youth. Centering on Cunningham Academy, a child-saving institution with deep historical roots in the rural community of Cedar Grove, this ethnographic dissertation examines how child-saving persists in the present as an enduring racial project. Drawing on ethnographic and archival data, this study traces how child-saving narratives and practices mobilize longstanding eugenic logics which reinforce the traditional family ideal, secure white benevolence as moral authority, justify state intervention into the lives of families marked as deficient, and continually (re)produce child-saving as good and necessary work. Although framed as rehabilitative and protective, these interventions routinely translate difference into deviance through heightened surveillance and racialized constructions of dependency and delinquency. Across four analytic chapters and three youth-centered ethnographic interludes, the dissertation shows how these dynamics take shape in the everyday routines, decisions, and classifications that organize life at Cunningham Academy. Taken together, the findings demonstrate that child-saving endures not because it consistently serves youth well, but because it remains politically and culturally legible within broader structures of white supremacy, naturalizing control as care, casting governance as benevolence, and sustaining racial hierarchies even as youth continue to imagine lives beyond the frame of being “saved.
Vegetation Cover Assessments and Management Applications Using Multiscale Remote Sensing Across the Santa Rita Experimental Range
No full textRemote sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GISs) provide significant opportunities for monitoring and managing natural resources across various temporal, spectral, and spatial resolutions. RS and GIS are increasingly used to collect and analyze data, monitor various aspects of the environment, and are being leveraged in decision-making throughout the fields of conservation and range-management. RS and GIS are used to compare changes in land cover over time, and track landscape health by measuring vegetation green-up and dieback, fragmentation of landscapes, and human encroachment. There is a critical need for natural resource managers to understand the expanding capabilities of image sources, analysis techniques, and on-site validation methods. As a result, understanding how to work with RS and GIS and applying the technology to existing management methods in order to understand state of lands is becoming increasingly necessary. In this 8-year research study, I began by
understanding (by way of conversations, participating in field and site visits, and reviewing existing literature) the techniques current natural resource managers use to manage lands they are responsible for. I then explored several RS and GIS novel methods developed to measure the state of lands managed. I further compared and contrasted field, RS and GIS methods, and various RS and GIS applications used to measure vegetative cover over a period of time (an important environmental indicator). My research has corroborated the importance of leveraging RS and GIS technologies to aid in vegetation cover assessments and inform natural resource management activities. RS and GIS data, analysis and techniques to inform state and transition models (STMs) are presented in Appendix A. We found that remote sensing products mapped vegetative states that closely coincided with fieldwork results, including areas that were missed during the field mapping and areas that were classified as another vegetative state in the remote sensing analysis. The fine spatial resolution aerial and drone imagery, however was not able to detect if grass was native or non-native (for future study). Remote sensing is able to cover larger areas with an encompassing view - areas that are often missed in fieldwork. Comparison of field to RS and GIS methods are explored in Appendix B. Knowing the extent to which these field and remotely sensed perspectives might differ is important to land managers interpreting vegetation dynamics. We found that aerial and satellite data were strongly correlated with bare ground and grass with a less strong correlation occurring for woody cover. Both the aerial and satellite data are positively correlated with transect woody cover measurements on < 1.21 hectare
sites, but weakly correlated or not at all for > 60.70 hectare sites. Interpreting ground cover, for example, tree and shrub cover among the different methods is significant for rangeland ecosystems. The importance of validating the ability of Landsat and Sentinel sensors to detect the pattern and extent of shrub cover in an arid landscape when grasses were senescent and shrubs were still green, leveraging a 15 cm multispectral 2023 aerial image are explored in Appendix C. We determined that both Landsat and Sentinel satellite data were moderately correlated to the aerial image. Further analysis showed that Sentinel and Landsat shrub cover estimates were also moderately correlated to shrub percentages from The Rangeland Analysis Platform (RAP) application. Users of these tools, data, and applications should be aware of the constraints and limitations to quantify shrub cover