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Effect of Seminar on Compassion on Student Self-compassion, Mindfulness and Well-being: A Randomized Controlled Trial
No full textObjective: Mindfulness-based interventions have been shown to have psychological benefits in college students. We explored the effects of an academic seminar on compassion on student psychological health.
Participants: Forty-one participants (14 male, 27 female, mean age 19.8 ±1.4 years) were assessed pre- and post- spring semesters 2013 and 2014.
Methods: Students were randomized to the seminar on compassion or a wait-list control group. Participants completed self-report measures on anxiety, depression, perceived stress, self-compassion, compassion and mindfulness. Salivary alpha-amylase was also assessed.
Results: At baseline, self-compassion and mindfulness were negatively correlated with depression, anxiety, and perceived stress. There were significant changes between the intervention and control group from Time 1 to Time 2 in mindfulness, self-compassion, compassion, and salivary alpha-amylase; however, there were no significant changes in depression, anxiety and perceived stress.
Conclusions: The course was effective in increasing mindfulness, self-compassion and compassion, and decreasing a salivary marker of stress
A New High-Resolution Map of World Mountains and an Online Tool for Visualizing and Comparing
Full text linkAnswers to the seemingly straightforward questions “what is a mountain?” and “where are the mountains of the world?” are in fact quite complex, and there have been few attempts to map the mountains of the earth in a consistent and rigorous fashion. However, knowing exactly where mountain ecosystems are distributed on the planet is a precursor to conserving them, as called for in Sustainable Development Goals 6 and 15 of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. In this article we first compare 3 characterizations of global mountain distributions, including a new, high-resolution (250 m) map of global mountains derived from terrain characteristics. We show how differences in conceptual definition, methodology, and spatial resolution of source data can result in differences in the extent and location of lands classed as mountains. For example, the new 250-m resource documents a larger global mountain extent than previous characterizations, although it excludes plateaus, hilly forelands, and other landforms that are often considered part of mountain areas. We then introduce the Global Mountain Explorer, a new web-based application specifically developed for exploration, visualization, and comparison of these maps. This new open-access tool is an intuitive and versatile resource suitable for a broad range of users and applications
Cover Art 2018 Female Flame
No full textI created these shapes that are meant to resemble several things. The shapes come together to signify a flower, a flame, the female figure, or whatever the viewer aims to see. I see these shapes as a resemblance of the women’s stories that have been coming to light, bursting out like wildfire. While it is indeed an eruption, it is the blossoming of a beautiful thing— the truth. It is not easy for women who have been traumatized to come forward and tell their stories in a society that has previously reacted hostily. That is why I made these shapes red, and why the female figure appears to be being pulled and spread open in all directions. This also points to the exploitation and violence women face. Even through the trauma and violence, women continue to be strong, and the fire that is burning and taking down our oppressors will now and forever be impossible to put out.https://inspire.redlands.edu/wgs_sconf_carousel/1009/thumbnail.jp
Novel Serotonin 6 Receptor Antagonist And Its Effects On Autistic-Like Behaviors In The C58/J Mouse Strain
No full textAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder appearing in early childhood, characterized by three core symptoms: restricted, repetitive behaviors (RRBs), deficits in social interaction, and a shortfall in communication. The mechanism underlying the manifestation of ASD is unknown but is likely caused by interactions between genes and the environment. The serotonin (5-HT) system has been implicated as a potential mechanism explaining autistic behaviors, as elective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have historically been used off-label to help treat symptoms of autism but can have many adverse side effects. By using a novel therapeutic specifically targeting the 5-HT6 receptor, there is potential to limit these reactions and makes it easier to study behavior, as the receptor is confined to the central nervous system (CNS). It is possible to then determine whether a specific serotonin receptor, 5- HT6, is responsible for any ASD symptoms. In this study, we aim to determine whether targeting the 5-HT6 receptor with a novel therapeutic, BGC 20-761, will help reduce repetitive and social behaviors seen in the C58/J inbred mouse strain modeling autistic-like behaviors. Intraperitoneal injections of the drug or vehicle were administered to C57BL/6J and C58/J mice. Repetitive and social assays were conducted following administration of the antagonist or vehicle control. There was no conclusive evidence for an effect on repetitive behaviors in the C58/J mice, but there was a significant increase in sociability in the C58 mice given the antagonist compared to the vehicle administration
Localizing Ecological Marine Units, Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary
Full text linkEcological Marine Units (EMUs), traditionally created at the global scale, provide information about ocean ecosystems from sea surface to sea floor. This project used data for the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, located in the Gulf of Mexico, to create localized EMUs. A 3D point mesh was created from ecological data collected at different depths and times. Statistical analyses, clustering, benthic terrain analysis, and 3D visualization were then used to produce more detailed and more temporally-specific EMUs. The results show that creating localized EMUs do in fact provide more detail for small areas such as this marine sanctuary. The results also provided the sanctuary with a classification of the seafloor attributes, useful in identifying important benthic characteristics
Ethics and relational dialectics in mentoring relationships
No full textTraining relationships that evolve along the mentoring relationship continuum (MRC) become dynamic, reciprocal, emotionally connected relationships that benefit mentees, mentors, and the profession of psychology. This article examines prominent ethical tensions and obligations in mentoring relationships within professional psychology. The authors frame these ethical issues in terms of relational dialectics theory (RDT), a theory of communication that addresses the tension and struggle between equally desirable relationship goals. We consider each of the 3 salient dialectics proposed by the theory: integration–separation, stability–change, and expression–privacy and offer a training vignette to illustrate each. We highlight the mentorship-relevant ethical quandaries and tensions nested within each relational dialectic and conclude with a discussion of the implications for psychologists in training roles
The Need for a Neutral Speaking Period in Psychosocial Stress Testing
No full textTasks such as the Trier Social Stress Test, narrative recall, and some cognitive challenges require participants to speak in order to measure acute physiological responses to induced stress. Typically, the physiological measures during the stressed state are compared to a silent baseline period. This does not differentiate between stress that is induced by emotion and stress due to the physical act of vocalization. We modified a psychosocial stress task for 41 participants to add a period of neutral speaking. We hypothesized that there would be significant differences in physiological measures between the silent baseline and neutral speaking periods, and that these differences would explain a substantial proportion of the stress response traditionally attributed to emotion. Blood pressure, skin conductance level, respiration rate, salivary alpha-amylase, and high frequency heart rate variability showed significant changes during the neutral speaking period compared to a silent baseline, demonstrating the need for this control. Of the magnitude of physiological response which would have typically been attributed to emotion, 36–77% was due to vocalization alone. In stress-inducing tasks that require speaking, care should be taken in study design to account for the physiological impact of speech
Work and Family among Immigrants
No full textThe Cambridge Handbook of the Global Work-Family Interface is a response to growing interest in understanding how people manage their work and family lives across the globe. Given global and regional differences in cultural values, economies, and policies and practices, research on work-family management is not always easily transportable to different contexts. Researchers have begun to acknowledge this, conducting research in various national settings, but the literature lacks a comprehensive source that aims to synthesize the state of knowledge, theoretical progression, and identification of the most compelling future research ideas within field. The Cambridge Handbook of the Global Work-Family Interface aims to fill this gap by providing a single source where readers can find not only information about the general state of global work-family research, but also comprehensive reviews of region-specific research. It will be of value to researchers, graduate students, and practitioners of applied and organizational psychology, management, and family studies.https://inspire.redlands.edu/oh_chapters/1073/thumbnail.jp
Evolving Supply Chains and Local Freight Flows: A Geographic Information System Analysis of Minnesota Cereal Grain Movement
No full textIn Minnesota, technological and economic shifts in the grain supply chain have altered the way grain producers and sellers navigate their local freight network. In particular, many producers have been increasing their personal trucking capacity and taking longer trips to intermodal and domestic market options. This logistical reshaping of local grain supply chains pressure transportation officials to reconsider the consequences for road infrastructure and congested freight corridors. Studies are discussing the potential of disaggregated commodity flow survey (CFS) data as a critical tool in understanding small-scale freight movement and informing infrastructural investment decisions. Utilizing ArcGIS’s Network Analyst and Hot spot tools to analyze inter-county grain trucking, our study effectively differentiates highly active freight corridors. The model is used to further inform an ongoing infrastructure development project in the Twin Cities metro area by contextualizing road usage within the economic framework of the grain supply chain. However, this study finds CFS data alone fails to account for shifting supply chain conditions, and their consequent impact on the road network. Employing United States Department of Agriculture crop production and cropland data, this study additionally builds an original, computational model that simulates corn producer shipment reaction to market price competition within two key grain-producing counties. Results visualize how producers, during spot months, may be incentivized to haul longer distances to more competitive markets—especially emerging biofuel industries. This lesson proves crucial for state and local transportation officials who wish to identify freight infrastructure development opportunities that invigorate and accommodate growth in Minnesota’s expanding agricultural industry cluster
Visual Prominence and the Stability of Cultural Landscapes
No full textKukveni—footprints—are a powerful historical metaphor that the Hopi people use to comprehend their tangible heritage. Hopis say that the deity Máasaw instructed their ancestors to leave footprints during their migrations from their origin place to their home today as evidence that they had fulfilled a spiritual pact to serve as stewards of his land. Today’s Hopis understand these footprints to be the archaeological remains of former settlements—pottery sherds, stone tools, petroglyphs, and other physical evidence of past use and occupation of the land.https://inspire.redlands.edu/oh_chapters/1070/thumbnail.jp