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Measuring the Impact of Inner City Markets on CBD Retail Sales
No full text[Excerpt] Observers of Central Business District (CBD) retailing performance have reported many adjustments in recent decades. Sales have steadily declined, relatively and absolutely, since World War II. The function and trade area of the CBD has changed, the clientele is different, and retail establishments have adopted new locational strategies. Contributing substantially to the changing character of CBDs has been the pervasive and continuing decentralization of the metropolitan population. Nearly two decades ago, Vance (1962) conceptualized the impact of this decentralization process as one of relegating the CBD to that of (1) a seller of mass appeal goods to an inner city market and (2) a seller of specialty goods to the metropolitan market. More recently, it appears that a scaling back has also occurred in the specialty goods area. Increasingly, specialty goods sales have been sustained by those who are downtown because of employment or business
Elwood Murray’s Interdisciplinary Analogue Laboratory
No full textElwood Murray joined the faculty of the Department of Dramatic Arts and Speech at the University of Denver in 1931 and within a year had assumed the responsibilities of chairman. The history of the department for the next thirty years was molded by the philosophy and aspirations of this man, who believes that speech is a broad and interdisciplinary subject and that speech training is essential for every individual
Comments on Chapters Nine and Ten
No full textMany of the contributors to this volume suggest in their studies that exogenous environmental change in the economic system finds its way into the housing market. Measurement of the impact of that change on the housing market provides useful information on the nature of the change; and, in particular cases, this information may be all that we have for evaluation of alternative public policies. The majority of the studies deal with the need to develop general equilibrium models for interpretation and measurement of the property value reaction (the terms property and housing are used synonymously). This ability is required if we are to discern from the morass of all the conflicting effects of simultaneous determinants of property values the rather minute effect of a single incremental change. Only then can cross-sectional modeling (which has the data simplicity of dealing with only a single point in time) be satisfactory. Most of the studies dealing with general equilibrium do, in fact, utilize the cross-sectional methodology as a basis for empirical techniqu
Characteristics and Performance of Real Estate Brokers and Salesmen in the Hawaiian Islands
Full text link[Excerpt] Since 1968, there has been a rapid growth rate in the number of real estate licensees. The total active licensees (brokers and salesmen) has increased 187% from June 309 1968 (3,267 licensees) to January 21, 1977 (9,392 licensees) for an annual growth rate of 22% while the civilian labor force increased by 3% a year. The greater portion of this growth has come from the number of new salesmen entering the business rather than from existing salesmen obtaining a broker\u27s license (27% annual salesmen growth compared to 14% for brokers). In 1968, for every active broker, there were 2 active salesmen. By 1977, this discrepancy has widened to 3 active salesmen.
However, for all this dynamic development, very little is known about the Hawaiian real estate industry and its licensees, particularly the nature of licensees activities and the degree to which they are qualified to engage in real estate practice.
Yet legislation concerning licensee qualifications has been continually expanding. In part, it has tried to protect the consumer while providing a direction where the real estate industry should be going. For all this increasing legislation, very few have pondered the question Quo vadis. Where is it going now…what is the current nature of the industry and the licensees?
The following report attempts to provide a portion of this information that has isolated Hawaii\u27s real estate practice from systematic description. However, the report should be looked upon as only a starting point. Further research is needed to validate subsequent decision making for the consumer - the ultimate basis for legislative power - has not been surveyed to measure the effectiveness of current legislation.
The present report has been divided into two sections. The first section, which is based on a questionnaire survey, (see Appendix A, D) presents a statistical picture of licensees in the industry. Information is provided concerning such factors as the proportion of licensees who are actually active in the business, the type of work they do, and their backgrounds and experience in the real estate field. Summary tables and graphs have been included in this section to augment the presentation. The second part of the report contains policy suggestions for government agencies responsible for regulation. To facilitate easier readability, a large portion of the report is presented in a topical outline format