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Effects of Digestion, Cell Culture Media, and Mucous on the Physical Properties, Cellular Effects, and Translocation of Polystyrene and Polymethacrylate Nanoparticles
Get PDFThe discovery of plastic and metal nanoparticles in organisms, foods, and beverages has generated numerous studies on the effects of these particles on the barrier cells and their subsequent absorption into the body. Following ingestion, nanoparticles travel down the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and their physicochemical characteristics change in response to the change in proteins and pH during their digestion. We measured the translocation of digested nanoparticles across a co-culture monolayer of Caco-2 and various combinations (1:9, 5:5, and 9:1) of HT29-MTX-E12. The in vitro model of the intestine was used to determine the translocation of digested 20 nm polymethacrylate (PMA) particles and the accompanying monolayer barrier effects after a 72 h exposure. The in vitro digestion increased the agglomeration and hydrodynamic diameters and decreased the surface charge of the nanoparticles. For NH2-functionalized polymethacrylate nanoparticles (PMA-NH2), the diameters increased from 57 nm (water) to 3800 nm (media), or 2660 nm (chyme). These nanoparticles compromised the integrity of the monolayer (trans-epithelial electrical resistance, Lucifer yellow translocation) and translocated across all the cell ratio configurations. Digestion can have a large effect on nanoparticle agglomeration and surface charge. Excess mucous was not seen as a barrier to the translocation of PMA-NH2
Promoting Efficiency Through Communication: Ghana Cross-Cultural Immersion
No full textVideo presentation emphasizing the criticality of communication in healthcare settings, as demonstrated from our service-learning experience in the Ghana Cross-Cultural Health Immersion Program. This presentation was developed and designed in collaboration with individuals studying osteopathic medicine, nursing, and public health at the University of New England.https://dune.une.edu/caiepfall2023/1002/thumbnail.jp
Implementing a Health Leadership Program - Clinical Perspectives
Get PDFA Health Leadership Program (HLP) was developed in Maine to equip healthcare students with essential knowledge and skills in reproductive health. This evaluation presents findings from a qualitative analysis that assessed the impact of HLP on healthcare students\u27 attitudes, beliefs, and clinical preparedness.https://dune.une.edu/ph_ile/1000/thumbnail.jp
Secondary Transition Resources Across New England
Get PDFOur website focuses on creating an accessible resource for individuals approaching the transition out of secondary education who have intellectual and developmental disabilities. Within the site, there are a variety of resources for every state in New England to provide the user with a single place to find the help and resources they need instead of having to search for them on their own.https://dune.une.edu/caiepfall2023/1011/thumbnail.jp
Where have all the OBGYNs gone? An investigation into the effect of abortion restrictions on availability of women\u27s health providers
Get PDFIn 2022, the Supreme Court overturned its previous ruling in Roe v. Wade, effectively ending federal protections for abortion. Quickly after, many states enacted abortion restrictions or outright bans. Abortion bans are harmful public policies that are impacting the availability of OB-GYNs for many reasons, including the threat of criminal prosecution. This has led to a dearth of healthcare access for millions of women in 21 abortion-restricted states, as OB-GYNs move out of state and new medical residents choose to practice elsewhere. A literature review and interviews with three key informants were conducted to explore this issue. Key informant interviews focused on the post-Dobbs landscape for women’s healthcare, the impact of reproductive care restrictions on healthcare providers and patients, and future prospects. Findings show that both practicing and resident OB-GYNs are choosing not to work or train in abortion- restricted states. Qualitative results revealed the psychological toll of abortion bans on all healthcare providers and widening socioeconomic disparities. Barriers to keeping OB-GYNs in state also include restrictions on their autonomy and threat of criminal liability. No agency or governmental organization has proposed a policy solution to this problem. Primary solutions have come from physician-led organizations. These groups are building coalitions to lobby state policymakers against abortion bans and campaign for ballot measures in favor of abortion rights. These findings have implications for the future of women’s healthcare. If policymakers are unwilling to propose solutions and physician-led organizations are unsuccessful in their efforts, millions of women will lose access to routine gynecological care, not only access to abortion.https://dune.une.edu/ph_ile/1005/thumbnail.jp
The Effects Of Prophylactic Probiotic Use On Reducing Group B Streptococcus Colonization In Pregnant People
Get PDFGroup B Streptococcus (GBS) is a gram-positive coccus that normally colonizes the digestive and genital tract (Puopolo & Madoff, 2023). Worldwide, approximately 18% of pregnant people[1] carry GBS, and in the United States of America (USA), approximately 25% of pregnant people are GBS positive (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2022). GBS can be passed onto an infant during birth when it travels through the vaginal canal, a process called vertical transmission. Unfortunately, for newborns who have an immature immune system, GBS can result in early onset GBS disease requiring a lengthy stay in the NICU or even death. Currently, in the USA, the treatment for pregnant people positive for GBS is intravenous antibiotics during labor, which reduces the risk of vertical transmission (Baker, 2023). While effective at decreasing GBS, the systemic antibiotics wipe out beneficial bacteria throughout the body and, most importantly for pregnant people, the genital tract. As a result, both the pregnant person’s and infant’s microbiome are negatively impacted, thereby subjecting them to other infections. Because of the negative effects of antibiotics, researchers have explored alternative treatments to reduce GBS colonization. One such alternative is using prophylactic probiotics during pregnancy, which is the question discussed here.
[1] For the purpose of this paper, pregnant persons/people are those who are assigned female at birth regardless of gender presentation
Plethysmography Variation Index (PVI) Utility In Guiding Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy During Major Abdominal Surgery
Get PDFWhen considering intra-operative MAP maintenance, preload is a significant driving factor of stroke volume and therefore cardiac output. In major abdominal surgeries, large fluid shifts are common and accurate fluid resuscitation is extremely important to maintain hemodynamic stability and promote optimal patient outcomes. Invasive methods of measuring fluid status range from esophageal doppler derived flow time (FTc) and arterial line-derived metrics such as stroke volume variation (SVV) and pulse pressure variation (PPV). However, invasive means are not always warranted for every surgical procedure or patient and there is a higher potential risk for complication. Plethysmography Variation Index (PVI) has been introduced as a non-invasive alternative to gauge preload status, predict fluid responsiveness, and guide goal-directed fluid therapy. The success of PVI during major abdominal surgery is mixed. Significant predictive ability to determine fluid responsiveness exists and compares well to invasive techniques. However, the ability to track dynamic stroke volume (SV) changes correlates poorly with fluid bolus administration and PVI tracings. Overall, the total volume of fluid administered and post-operative patient outcomes all compare favorably with PPV, SVV, and FTc. Ultimately, the use of PVI during major abdominal surgery can be useful if fluid management is considered and approached in at least two distinct parts: first, recognition of hypovolemia and fluid responsiveness, to which PVI can accurately provide data; second, continued tracking of hemodynamic changes post bolus and the warranting of subsequent boluses, to which PVI is not well suited to direct
Teacher Perceptions Of The Impact Of Administrators On The Social And Emotional Health Of Teachers And School Climate: A Qualitative Case Study
Get PDFThis intrinsic, qualitative single case study took place at a suburban, public elementary school in Massachusetts with teachers from second through fifth grade. The study addressed the importance of administrative support and engagement on teachers’ social and emotional health and sustaining a positive school climate. The study aimed to help stakeholders understand the perceptions of teachers regarding the perceived impact of administrators’ support and engagement on teachers’ health and well-being. The online survey used convenience sampling that included seven topics from a pre-existing instrument. The semi-structured interviews were based on purposive sampling and included open-ended questions. A total of 16 participants responded to the online survey and eight participants engaged in semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were checked by participants for accuracy after thematic analysis was completed using open, axial, and selective coding. When reporting the results of the study, the online survey was used to support the themes that were identified based on the qualitative interviews. Previous researchers have found that schools are more successful when there is high quality leadership. Additionally, strong leadership leads to collective teacher efficacy and positive school outcomes and climate. Results of this study show that districts must look to engage administrators in leadership training, utilize teacher and staff input during decision making, adopt schedules that prioritize teacher and student health and opportunities for collaboration, and form committees to select and implement vertically and horizontally aligned, evidence based SEL programs
Perceptions of Elementary School Principals Regarding Strategies to Build Trust Among Staff to Support Positive Change
Get PDFTrust is essential between elementary school principals and teachers, for it is a necessary ingredient in well-functioning organizations, especially schools. The problem addressed in this phenomenological study was the lack of practical strategies for principals to build trust with teachers effectively and efficiently to facilitate positive change and, ultimately, to support student achievement. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to understand how elementary school principals can quickly build trust with their teachers to facilitate positive change. Through the literature review, the researcher examined historical definitions of trust and early trust studies, the creation of trust and strategies for developing trust, and trust and change process and contemporary trust studies. The researcher used a phenomenological approach to interview six elementary school principals who were employed by a high-performing, suburban school district in a western state. Through this study, the researcher uncovered many practical, useful, and effective strategies for principals to build trust with teachers. These strategies can be disseminated to new and veteran elementary school principals to help them to build and maintain trust with teachers. This study also revealed differences in the way that male and female leaders build trust with male and female teachers. The strategies that were discovered through these interviews can help principals build trust with teachers. In turn, this trust will create a positive school climate in which students will succeed
Long-COVID using Interprofessional Team Immersion Treatment
No full textPoster presenting the interaction over two weeks among an interprofessional team of graduate students to provide a telehealth consultation and treatment plan for a patient with long-Covid. The collaboration was among Osteopathic and Allopathic Medicine, Physical Therapy, Pharmacy, and Nursing students. Discussed in the poster is the skills and experiences learned as well as obstacles faced among the team.https://dune.une.edu/cecespring2023/1001/thumbnail.jp