1811 research outputs found
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Code Switching in Contemporary Kiswahili Rap Song
No full textCode s witching is a prevalent form of language behavior and interpersonal communication in Nairobi and other urban areas in Kenya. It is an important area of study in finding out how language is used to effectively communicate ideas among multilingual speakers and to enhance interpersonal relationships. This study looked at CS in Kiswahili rap songs from a sociolinguistic point of view. Some of the researches done on CS previously show that there are universal constraints on CS in conversations indicating that CS is not random but follows grammatical rules but none has looked at CS in song. This study aims to find out these constraints apply to the Rap song considering that the song may be using poetic language. This will add to the existing knowledge of CS in the sense that there might be patterns of CS in song that are not in a conversation. Song is a source of information on how a given society is using language by showing the value of the codes used and their symbolism. This is also examined in this study
THE CONTROVERSIAL IDEAS OF EDNA PONTELLIER IN KATE CHOPIN’S THE AWAKENING
No full textIn America, the 1890s were a decade of tension and social change. In its origin, American feminism was at the verge of a social reform, and the term abolitionism was on the walls of movements including socialism and the establishment of public schools. A milieu of names emerged female writing in American realism and naturalism - among them Emily Dickinson and Kate Chopin. A central theme in Kate Chopin’s fiction was the independence of women. In Louisiana, most women were their husband’s property. The codes of Napoleon were still governing the matrimonial contract. Since Louisiana was a Catholic state, divorce was rare and scandalous. In any case, Edna Pontellier of Kate Chopin in The Awakening (1899) had no legal rights for divorce, even though Léonce undoubtedly did. When Chopin gave life to a hero that tested freedom’s limits, she touched a nerve of the politic body.
However, not Edna’s love, nor her artistic inner world, sex, or friendship can reconcile her personal growth, her creativity, her own sense of self and her expectations. It is a very particular academic fashion that has had Edna transformed into some sort of a feminist heroine. If she could have seen that her awakening, in fact, was a passion for Edna herself, then perhaps her suicide would have been avoided. Everyone was forced to observe, including the cynics that only because a young female showed interest in a young man that was not her husband, what need was there to argue this female who all her life had lain coldly asleep. Edna sees herself as a possession of her husband and even as imprisoned by her children. The whole tension gave rise to contradicting the reality, to pushing oneself to limits because what was proclaimed to be “neat” and “appropriate” was now the fissure to the accepted norms of a society. In this paper, we will preset Edna’s controversial ideas as she awakens and captivates that the fissure is becoming more and more unfathomable. Throughout the analysis of these ideas and Edna’s character, we will bring light into the unquestionable role of Kate Chopin in signing the path to the modern woman writing in American novel of the beginning of the 20th century
A SOCIOLINGUISTIC STUDY OF LANGUAGE USE OF LAGOS BUS CONDUCTORS
No full textIn addition to its communicative uses, language also has many social and cultural values, such as group identity, social stratification as well as social grooming and entertainment. This study aims at identifying the relationship between social class and language, analysing how the social identity of Lagos bus-conductors are being conveyed in their use of language and ascertaining the relationships among human beings (i.e. bus-conductors), their environment and language use. It examines in a sociolinguistic point of view, the language use of bus- conductors when interacting among themselves and with passengers. The methods used involved the administration of questionnaires, observation and interview. Two sets of questionnaires, one directed to bus-conductors and the other to passengers, were administered. The conversations of the bus-conductors with passengers and the interview sessions were recorded on a phone recorder and latter transferred into a disc. Three areas in Lagos metropolis - Agege, Ojota and Oshodi were selected for the study. Thirty respondents comprising fifteen bus-conductors and fifteen passengers were sampled randomly from the three areas. From the study it was revealed that the appearance, dressing, voice and behavior of Lagos bus-conductors send non-verbal signals to people about their identity. It was also found that the use of language of Lagos bus-conductors is significantly affected by their environment of speech community. The study also revealed that Lagos bus-conductors use certain linguistic forms which differentiate them from conductors in other places and people in other professions. The special indications of these findings were discussed and some steps to take to address them were suggested. The recommendations if appropriately implemented will impact positively on proper language use of bus-conductors
Analysis of the Barriers Influencing the management of Inclusive Education in Primary Schools in Embu County, Kenya
Get PDFIntroduction of Inclusive Education (IE) was expected to change its methods of leadership and management which were viewed to be discriminative, segregated, allowed stigmatization to continue, did not change people’s behavior, did not offer quality education, and never removed inequality of all forms, and allowed exclusion from meaningful participation in the economic, social, political and cultural lives of their communities. The practice for better management and subsequently better improved services for CWSN was found to be still problem. The critics of Inclusion and those who are resistance to change make the practice and implementation of inclusive education very difficult to manage, and this has been the biggest barrier to the effective management of inclusive education. One constrain beyond the managers of inclusive schools is whether the current practices and policies of implementing inclusion could really assist in the running of Inclusive Education effectively. Another gap noted is that of management issues themselves such as unclear management policies some of which emerge from the regular education and have to be implemented to the latter in inclusive schools. Learners with special needs in inclusive schools are still being over-retained by the management in certain instances because of failure to meet the mean score. This paper therefore set out to analyze the barriers influencing management of inclusive education in primary schools
Is The Teacher A Facilitator Or A Monitor?
Get PDFThe study aims to identify the factors concerning the teacher`s role for making students' learning effective in language learning environment. Through qualitative method, the study was done in order to give the details of those factors, which are influential for drawing the attention/interest of the students towards learning language in the classroom. This is a comparative study concerning correlation between two significant factors, since the study is related to human behavior that helps for predicting likely outcomes between facilitator and monitor as variables. The significance of facilitating and monitoring is known well by the teachers. In this regard, the views of John Dewey shed lights to the researcher for finding out the role of the respective teacher as facilitator or monitor. With the help of the present study, which behavioral role as a teacher would be helpful for meeting the needs of the students in language learning process or for making the lesson be loved by the students? The data were collected from the views of various researchers including the views of the researcher of the present study, since the researcher had a long term teaching experience in language teaching in various countries. The limitation was that the study involved in the views of the researcher and the others and lacks of any questionnaire and interviews with anybody. The study shows that the teachers need to exhibit the behavioral role of both facilitator and monitor. The researcher is of the opinion that John Dewey used the word the teacher as facilitator meaning that the particular teacher has the role of making learning process easier and also directing learning activity overall. Both role causes actively participating of the students towards the learning language
ACTION RESEARCH: INTEGRAL ARMOURY FOR THE LANGUAGE TEACHER
No full textLanguage teachers must make action research an indispensable part of their language teaching armoury. They must realise that if they face challenges when teaching any aspect of the given course outline, be it in the form of disinterest on the part of the students or inability to comprehend the learning lesson, they must conduct some research so as to find solutions and overcome such challenges. In this paper, I will share my experiences in teaching ESP to tertiary students in a university in Malaysia and discuss the nature of the action research conducted. It is hoped that these experiences in action research will encourage participants to conduct their own mini research in overcoming the challenges they face in the language classroom
Inflation, exchange rate and efficacy of monetary policy in Nigeria: The empirical evidence
Get PDFThis paper analyses the post SAP persistence of inflation in Nigeria for the period, 1960-2008 with exchange rate, money supply and trade balance as preferred influential variables. To investigate the effect of policy switch from the period of direct instrument to the period of deregulation occasioned by SAP of 1986, we proceed to bifurcate the sample period into two, comprising the period of direct instruments of monetary policy, 1960 – 1985 and the period of indirect instruments of monetary policy, 1986 – 2008. Estimates from a vector auto regression model (VAR) of key macroeconomic variables demonstrate the weak link between money supply and inflation in the both time horizons, which suggests that the hypothesis that money supply is not an effective policy instrument for management of inflationary developments cannot be rejected for Nigeria. The results further suggest that in both time horizons, exchange rate has been identified as a singular most promising macroeconomic fundamental for both internal and external sectors adjustments. However, the deregulation of the domestic economy as occasioned by SAP has significantly diluted the efficacy of exchange rate as a monetary policy instrument for the management of Nigeria’s aggregate money stock and trade balance developments. These notwithstanding, the Central Bank of Nigeria can continue to play a stabilizing role in the economy through the continuation of prudent monetary policies and frequent interventions in exchange rate management to smooth out shocks
Analysis of risks and investments’ opportunities in water sector
Get PDFWhile water demand is projected to grow by 41% by 2030, considering also the ultimate reserves of drinking water, it is believed that this element will attract the majority of investments in the coming decades. Opportunities in drinking water sector are numerous, because its process of providing and delivery of drinking water includes many aspects: management of infrastructure, design of technological solutions, conservation and water’s quality. These opportunities result from the difference between water supply and water demand; an increasingly difference that requires capital investments in production and water treatment technologies. Investments need to be combined with the knowledge on the legislation, regulatory framework and technological developments. This article may serve to clarify type of investments in drinking water sector, known by literature, to identify opportunities of investment in this sector, indicating the theoretical framework of beta and alpha risk ratio coefficient calculation and to suggest how these types of investments can be allocated to the investment portfolios
Theoretical and practical implementation of the right for an equal enjoyment of health care service
Get PDFThis study is divided in three parts which intend to meet the following targets: Primarily to provide theoretical approaches toward the concept of equality in the healthcare. In the theoretical treatment of the concept of equality in health care the authors are cautious while making the difference between equality and justice; between equality in levels of health or health care and equity in financing etc. Secondly target it to assess the concept implemented in our legislation and make an overall assessment of whether this legal framework is comprehensive and convenient for the realization of the right to health care enshrined in the Constitution. The Albanian legislation stipulates that health care in the Republic of Albania is guided by very important principles. These principles embody the Constitution predictions from the formal point of view, primarily when declaring the right to health care as a key right of the individual, as well as when guaranteeing the equal rights based on non-discrimination. Thirdly to determine some of the specific areas of the legislation, which have to be improved and completed. After the analysis make in this paper, we found the need for some theoretical and practical improvements, which are reflected in the conclusions
Seismic design of an irregular structure with Adaptive Pushover Analysis
Get PDFRecently we are using the European Codes for the design of structures for earthquake resistance but in some cases even European Code doesn’t gives realistic results. For irregular structures the European Code gives very simplified recommendations that if will be used for the design gives results that could produce a very heavy and expensive construction.
The present paper in the first part will provide information about the EN-Eurocode 8 for Design of Structures for Earthquake Resistance and its limitations. After that will be presented adaptive pushover procedure for nonlinear analysis of irregular structures.
The APO theory will be used for the analyses of an existing structure. Firstly in the paper is given the information about the conditions of the existing structure. After that is performed the nonlinear analysis (adaptive pushover) and are given the structural measures suitable for retrofitting this type of structure.
In the end, the paper makes recommendations on the methodology of design and the most appropriate strategy of retrofitting these kinds of structures in order to achieve the required level of performance and increase their level of security based on European Codes