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Restoration Effects on the Experimental Dynamic Behavior of Historical Molla Siyah Mosque
Get PDFThe effects of restoration on the experimental dynamic characteristics of historical masonry Molla Siyah Mosque in Trabzon, Turkey, are investigated in this paper. Firstly, the initial situation and the implemented restoration works of the mosque are mentioned in detail. Then, the experimental dynamic behaviors of the mosque before and after the restoration are obtained by using the Ambient Vibration Tests. High sensitivity seismic accelerometers with cables are used during the tests. The collected signals are evaluated by Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition Technique, and experimental natural frequencies, mode shapes and damping ratios of the mosque are determined for the initial and restoration cases. The obtained results are compared with each other and restoration effects on the dynamic behavior of the mosque are discussed in detail
An Italian way to modern urbanism: plan for the fascist foundation cities
Get PDFIn the Twenties, in Italy, the fascist regime initiated a work of foundation of new urban centers. The birth of the new city was linked to the desire to create a new arrangement of the territory, from the morphological and economic perspective. It was developed a model of territorial settlement that included three scalar passages of intervention (the capital, the rural town, the rural village).The common elements to the idea of the city typical of this experience was related to the relationship with the history of Italian town planning and with the territory.
In the first case, the reference to typical elements of the Italian cities:
- the square as representative center of social and political life, but also as a center of urban design;
- the relationship between street and urban block;
- the use of archetypal elements, such as the bell and the civic tower (which recalled the image of the Renaissance city and the birth of the municipalities), the arcade (as unifying element between the buildings);
- the use of town planning schemes of classical origin, revised according to the theories of Camillo Sitte;
- the revival of the aggregative logics of the historic urban fabric.
The relationship with the territory was instead emphasized through:
- the adoption of regional routes as main paths of urban design;
- the relationship between the shape of the city and land contours;
- the relationship with the improvements carried out to reclaim wetlands.
The paper, after a historical and design common principles analysis, both urban and regional level, examines the principal urban patterns, classifying them according to the type of main routes and their relationship with the central square (linear, radial, cross-shaped, with bayonet paths schemes) and with the urban fabric, through interpretative drawings and comparative synthesis, suggesting design ideas for contemporary urban planning
The role of the architectural heritage in the process of creating the image of contemporary Polish cities. Its perception and evaluation
Get PDFArchitectural and urban heritage, can form and support the competitiveness of the town, opening up extra chances for employment, investment and social life - on a higher level than the concurrence does. But to achieve such a stage the local community must be conscious of the wealth of cultural heritage it has in the environment, people must be taught to recognize, to asses, to appreciate and – finally – to protect historical monuments and their details. In any conditions of rapid urbanization, social pressure can save many valuable architectural objects and complexes. Education and promotion of architectural heritage could improve these processes.
The scope of the paper is to present how the city inhabitants understand the meaning of the selected historical urban and architectural structures, details, their expectations about the forms of information and the promotion of the historical heritage.
I will also present the method of checking the knowledge of architectural heritage and the level of identity the city inhabitants have about the historical place. The study was included in the public space in the center of silesian cities within the limits set by the observation, according to the criterion of historical and aesthetic values in a given area's monuments. The criterion where the intensity of retail and service functions and the administration
Parking Management – A Challenge for a Sustainable Transportation in Tirana
Get PDFThe rapid growth of the transportation sector during the last decade in Albania has created many problems particularly in Tirana such as air pollution, energy consumption, and loss of urban ‘living space’. Different from the traditional approach, where supply is always provided to meet demand, the sustainable transportation is environmentally sensible, society fair, and economically sound. Therefore, the need for a detailed and comprehensive transport policy, to encourage sustainable transport, is essential for Tirana. One of the most crucial transportation management strategies that can be regarded to achieve more sustainable transportation system is parking management. The objective of this research was to study the nature and level of the parking problem and to evaluate the impact of parking management regulations enforced by Tirana Municipality in 2015.
In order to accomplish this, a license plate survey for the selected pilot study area was performed. Next, two parking management strategies, parking pricing and parking duration limitation were decided for the pilot study area.
The results of the analysis showed that approximately 39% of the on-street parking demand could be decreased due to parking pricing and parking duration limitation strategy applied at the same time
Coming Back to Sustainability: Technological Solutions for an nZEB
Get PDFWhen man needed the first time to find a shelter, he conformed himself to environmental context, finding in it resources and benefits. Then progress brought man to see Nature as a servant rather than as a valuable ally. The abuse of natural resources has revealed how critical the concept of renewability is and forced man to review his actions.
In the last decade sustainability in building design stopped being just an ideal and turned into a duty to fulfill. In order to reduce energetic consumption and CO2 emissions, according to the new European directives, a sustainable building must satisfy performance and functional needs, with the minimal environmental negative effect.
Rely on technology is not enough: a valid architectural solution depends strictly on the study of materials, architectural technologies, typological forms of environmental context, which becomes again the best guideline for the designer to draw a proper design, comparing tradition and innovation.
For this reason, numerous energy volunteer protocols were developed to meet the demand for high energy-efficient buildings, the nZEB.
This study shows how the German Passivhaus is applied to a scholastic building. The strict requirements of the standard are achieved thanks to a reasoned development, which leads to tailored technological, material and plant design solutions of the location where it is applied.
After considerations about form and orientation, the building envelope is the main part to focus on: it has to be conceived as a complex multi-functional filter between internal and external environment, responding to structural and performance targets but also to energy efficiency.
Man has to cooperate with nature to design energy efficient buildings and environmentally friendly with the users, but mostly to meet new needs for environmental compatibility
Natural materials and basic construction techniques. Aspects of neo-brutalism in current architectural experience
Get PDFContemporary research in architecture recognises the enduring influence of neo-brutalist poetry in the simplicity of construction and simple linguistics of many developments inspired by minimalist asceticism that are important in Europe and particularly significant in Switzerland. In fact, there is the same preference for using untransformed natural materials and adopting basic construction techniques that facilitate the reading of these experiences as a continuum notwithstanding the different approach to form choices.
Indeed, although the two trends differ in terms of form since this is fundamental in minimalist poetry but purely transcription of the construction project, being mere consistency in time and space, in the neo-brutalist experience, they are similarly interested in an architecture based on construction techniques and the full visibility of the materials and their characteristics, on the unfinished and the imperfect. Through a new way of reading and interpreting the ordinary and the banality of daily life, the continuity of the two experiences manifests itself in the adoption of a basic technology that exalts the joints between elements and materials.
What emerges from comparing the development of the construction technique expressed in the projects of authors such as Peter Zumthor, and especially Herzog & De Meuron in their initial projects and the imperfect austere experiments in the London suburbs by Alison and Peter Smithson in the 1950s is that arguments now crucial to sustainability can be evaluated, arguments such as the use of materials not meant for buildings, the recovery of disused space and urban contexts unused instead of building consuming the soil, and more generally with reference to an architecture lacking the spectacular, able to draw its extraordinary characteristics from the communal world
CHEMOTAXIS DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION
Get PDFNature inspired and bio-inspired algorithms have been recently used for solving low
and high dimensional search and optimization problems. In this context, Bacterial
Foraging Optimization Algorithm (BFOA) and Differential Evolution (DE) have been
widely employed as global optimization techniques inspired from social foraging behavior
of Escheria coli bacteria and evolutionary ideas such as mutation, crossover, and selection,
respectively.
BFOA employs chemotaxis (tumble and run steps of a bacterium in its lifetime)
activity for local search whereas the global search is performed by elimination-dispersal
operator. Elimination-dispersal operator kills or disperses some bacteria and replaces
others randomly in the search space. This operator mimics bacterium’s death or dispersal
in case of high temperature or sudden water flow in the environment. DE employs the mutation and crossover operators to make a local and a global search
that explore the search space. Exploration and exploitation balance of DE is performed
by two different parameters: mutation scaling factor and crossover rate. These two
parameters along with the number of population have an enormous impact on optimization
performance.
In this thesis, two novel hybrid techniques called Chemotaxis Differential Evolution
Optimization Algorithm (CDEOA) for low dimensions and micro CDEOA (μCDEOA)
for high dimensional problems are proposed. In these techniques, we incorporate the
principles of DE into BFOA with two conditions. What makes our techniques different
from its counterparts is that it is based on two optimization strategies: exploration of a
bacterium in case of its failure to explore its vicinity for food source and exploitation of
a bacterium in case of its achievement to exploit more food source. By means of these
evolutionary ideas, we manage to establish an efficient balance between exploration of
new areas in the search space and exploitation of search space gradients. Statistics of
the computer simulations indicate that μCDEOA outperforms, or is comparable to, its
competitors in terms of its convergence rates and quality of final solution for complex high
dimensional problems
Treaty Of Lausanne and Expulsion Of Albanian Chams In Turkey
No full textThe Treaty of London in May 1913, decided to establish the province of Chameria, where lived Albanian ethnicity indigenous, to stay within the borders of the Greek state. The history of Albanians Chams in Greece has two important events. The first event had been related to the Treaty of Lausanne of 1923’s that had been related with the exchange of Albanian Chams in Greece with Greeks that lived in Turkey. The second event had been related with the Albanians Chams genocide during 1944’s, where thousands of Albanian Cham residents of the province of Chameria forcibly moved to Albania and some other countries.
The Treaty of Lausanne’s first step that had clearly defined intention against Albanian Chams from the Greek government. Greece based on this treaty’s rights and obligations arising launched its project for evacuation and expulsion of Cham Albanians. By using political clauses in articles 1/45 of the treaty for the exchange of Greeks which were living in Turkey with Turks lived in Greek. Greece presented the Albanian Chams as Turkish population due to be based on their religion. So Greek government exploited Albanian Chams in Turkey and brought back in Greeks those who lived in Turkey.
This paper aims to focus on analyzing the Lausanne treaty articles that support the exchange of populations between Greece and Turkey. Also in this paper will be analyzed the possibility that the Greek government have misused these articles according to its own interest on the expulsion of the Chams from Greece toward Turkey
MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE IN ALBANIAN SOCIETY OVER THE YEARS
No full textIn this article we will see a general description of marriage and divorce. Marriage and divorce in the Albanian society have had their time to be lectured and institutionalized. Nowadays we can talk about divorce without fear. Prejudice and mentality for divorced women are somewhat faded, but still remain strong in all these rural areas. Despite all these changes to "emancipated" that have occurred over the years in our country, it is noted that the number of divorces is rightly increased. It may be considered as a painful wound that is destroying Albanian family. In this article I will cover the forms and ways that have changed the concept of marriage, the causes that lead a couple to divorce, as increasing numbers of divorces in Albania, the types of divorce or phases in which passes to be divorced couple etc
THE NEGATIVE AND POSITIVE INFLUENCES OF INDONESIAN LANGUAGE IN THE PROCESS OF LEARNING ENGLISH
No full textIn this article we will investigate how the Indonesian language affects English language learning. Both the negative and positive influences of the Indonesian language as a mother tongue through the linguistic point of view will be our main focus. Many fascinating facts happen with Indonesian native speakers when they try to learn English. English language learners from any background would find it useful about the unique side of Indonesian language which brings the advantages and disadvantages during learning process.
The grammatical influences and the impact that it could raise in learning foreign language will take a part in this article. Furthermore, the structure of Indonesian and English languages, and what they have in common, including letters of alphabet, identical words and how they are formed in sentences will be evaluated in another section. Additionally, the historical background between Indonesia and Britain that unintentionally make a significant influence in the language itself will be explained briefly.
To sum up, this article mainly deals with the negative and positive influences of Indonesian language while learning English as a foreign language