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Optimal classroom acoustic design with sound absorption and diffusion for the enhancement of speech intelligibility
No full textClassroom design should be focused on the enhancement of the acoustic comfort for students and teachers. Long reverberation times and excessive noise levels can raise vocal effort and negatively affect speech intelligibility. Recent studies and standards updates have investigated whether acoustic treatment should include both absorbent and diffusive surfaces to account for the teaching and learning premises at the same time; however, studies under realistic conditions for the improvement of existing classrooms acoustics are still needed
Towards a CFD model for boiling flows: validation of QMOM predictions with TOPFLOW experiments
No full textBoiling flows are very complex systems, usually confined in vertical pipes, where the liquid water moving upwards and the steam gas bubbles generated at the walls. The fluid dynamics of such systems is determined by the interplay of many different phenomena, including bubble nucleation, growth, condensation, coalescence, and breakage. For this reason, the development of a fully predictive computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is very challenging, therefore we focus here only on some of the phenomena mentioned above (i.e. coalescence and breakage) by using population balance models (PBM). In this work, a coupled CFD-PBM model based on the two-fluid model and the quadrature method of moments (QMOM) was implemented in the open-source CFD code openFOAM. Simulation predictions are validated against the so-called TOPFLOW experiments, where simpler air-water cold systems that mimic the complexity of real boiling flows were investigated. Comparison between the available experimental data and the results show that great care must be paid on some modeling details, such as the inlet bubble size distribution (BSD) at the sparger and the coalescence and breakage rates modeling
Renewing climate planning locally in the tropics: Conclusions
No full textIn the Tropics, a significant increase in the number of cities provided with climate plans by 2020, as announced in the 11th Sustainable development goalof the United Nations, requires an unprecedented effort. To achieve it, we have to simplify the planning process and improve the quality of the plans. The aim of this book was to collect methods and experiences to inspire the simplification of the planning process and increase the quality of climate planning. We focused attention on the three critical phases of the planning process: analysis, decision making in planning, climate measures. Sixteen case studies from Ethiopia, Haiti, Malawi, Mexico, Niger, Senegal, Tanzania and Thailand cover automatic weather stations in remote areas, rainfall estimation gridded datasets, open data for vulnerability index to climate change, early warning systems, quality of climate plans index, multi-risk local assessment, flooding risk evaluation method, backcasting, spatial dimension in disaster risk reduction and resilience, gasification stoves, index-based insurance and vulnerability risk credit. After indicating the possible analyses, 19 recommendations were supplied to the United Nations SDGs monitoring system, the national weather services and those responsible for natural risks, to the Development banks, Official development aid and the research institutions
Quando un bene culturale è riconosciuto come tale ma non è adeguatamente conservato e valorizzato!
No full textCycling performance of rechargeable Li-O2 batteries with different graphitized carbons at the cathode
No full textA simplified method for estimating Newmark displacements of mountain reservoirs
No full textIn the present article we propose a new simplified method for assessing the seismic performance of large mountain reservoirs. The pseudo-empirical regression model is established on the basis of decoupled dynamic analyses performed on 7 accelerograms applied to 33 structural and geotechnical configurations. We study the influence of embankment geometries and mechanical properties on the prediction of earthquake-induced permanent displacements estimated by Newmark analyses. We also discuss the relevance of our model by carrying out comparisons with existing simplified models and with post-seismic field observations on earth dams. A regression analysis using parameters of interest provides a pseudo-empirical predictive equation to carry out rapid, preliminary assessments of the seismic performance of mountain reservoirs
ON THE USE OF STOCHASTIC RESONANCE FOR FAULT DETECTION IN SPUR GEARBOXES
No full textThis study demonstrates how a time domain data based non-linear approach known as Stochastic Resonance (SR) can be effectively used for fault detection in spur gearboxes. SR has just been used recently for fault diagnosis in mechanical systems with a focus on faulty systems. This paper examines the behaviour of SR when it is applied to healthy systems, in particular a healthy gearbox and explores approaches like residual signal and filtered signal computations to aid in the containment of false alarms while improving overall results. Although SR is a time domain procedure, its results also extend to the frequency domai
