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Human and Organizational Factors (HOF) in ATEX Risk Assessment [Fattori umani e organizzativi nella valutazione del rischio ATEX]
No full textATEX (Explosive Atmosphere) risk assessment is required when any equipment or system could potentially cause explosive atmospheres. Despite many operations on plant and equipment containing dangerous substances are performed by operators, influences of human and organizational factor (HOF) are mostly not adequately considered during ATEX risk assessment. The integrated methodology here described (ATEX-HOF) is proposed to address two challenges: the identification and the quantification of HOF influence on ATEX risk assessment. The proposed methodology enriches the traditional ATEX risk assessment procedure, which consists of four steps: 1) Area classification, 2) Ignition source identification, 3) Damage analysis, and 4) ATEX Risk evaluation. ATEX risk assessment methodology is mainly semi-quantitative, while ATEX-HOF methodology provides a quantitative analysis for the Area classification and Ignition source identification, and a semi-quantitative approach for the Damage analysis. As a result, ATEX-HOF risk evaluation becomes more accurate. A probabilistic assessment based on event trees was introduced, taking into account both the technical barrier failure (Prtbf) and the human intervention in terms of Human Error Probability (HEP). The on-site application showed that taking into account HOFs could be particular important, especially for those companies where the safety culture is lower and consequently the usual hypothesis related to the correctness of the operator intervention (in maintenance, normal operations, and emergency) could bring to not conservative results
A Surface Impedance Model for a Microstrip-line based Metasurface
No full textThe design and results of mantle cloaking for a metallic cylinder are investigated. First, a single homogeneous surface impedance coat is considered. An analysis of the scattering harmonics of the bare and cloaked cylinder is performed and the effect of different surface impedance values on the scattered field are discussed. Then, a single in-homogeneous metasurface coat, based on a width-modulated microstrip line, is analysed and compared with such surface impedance model
A comparison of sEMG temporal and spatial information in the analysis of continuous movements
No full textSuperior Flame-Resistant Cellulose Nanofibril Aerogels Modified with Hybrid Layer-by-Layer Coatings
No full textImpact of different driving cycles and operating conditions on CO2 emissions and energy management strategies of a Euro-6 hybrid electric vehicle
No full textAlthough Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) represent one of the key technologies to reduce CO2 emissions, their effective potential in real world driving conditions strongly depends on the performance of their Energy Management System (EMS) and on its capability to maximize the efficiency of the powertrain in real life as well as during Type Approval (TA) tests. Attempting to close the gap between TA and real world CO2 emissions, the European Commission has decided to introduce from September 2017 theWorldwide Harmonized Light duty Test Procedure (WLTP), replacing the previous procedure based on the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC). The aim of this work is the analysis of the impact of different driving cycles and operating conditions on CO2 emissions and on energy management strategies of a Euro-6 HEV through the limited number of information available from the chassis dyno tests. The vehicle was tested considering different initial battery State of Charge (SOC), ranging from 40% to 65%, and engine coolant temperatures, from 7 C to 70 C. The change of test conditions from NEDC to WLTP was shown to lead to a significant reduction of the electric drive and to about a 30% increase of CO2 emissions. However, since the specific energy demand of WLTP is about 50% higher than that of NEDC, these results demonstrate that the EMS strategies of the tested vehicle can achieve, in test conditions closer to real life, even higher efficiency levels than those that are currently evaluated on the NEDC, and prove the effectiveness of HEV technology to reduce CO2 emissions
Kuramoto-like model of noisy oscillators
No full textAbstract: The Kuramoto model is a paradigm to describe the dynamics of nonlinear oscillators under the influence of external perturbations or couplings. It is based on the idea to reduce the state equations to a scalar differential equation, that defines the time evolution for the phase of the oscillator. In this paper we discuss the reduction procedure for nonlinear oscillators subject to stochastic perturbations. The result is that phase noise is a drift-diffusion process. It is shown that the unavoidable amplitude fluctuations do change the expected frequency, and the frequency shift depends on the amplitude variance. The theoretical results are illustrated with the help of an example
Cost optimal nZEBs in future climate scenarios
No full textThe key-concepts of nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB) and cost optimality have driven many research activities across Europe in recent years. Considering the ongoing global changes, it is necessary to study and guarantee the resilience of the nZEB design to the variations of the boundary conditions in which the cost optimal calculation is performed. We present the analysis of the variation of the cost-optimal design of a single-family house in a continental climate (Paris) in different climate change scenarios in the short-medium term (2026-2045). The main finding from the results analysis is that the higher the energy performance, the higher is the resilience to the variation of weather conditions