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Structural, optical and electrical properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 films prepared from a non-toxic DMSO-based sol-gel and synthesized in low vacuum
No full textThis paper reports a complex analysis of structural, optical and electrical properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) films, prepared by spin-coating of a sol-gel based on the low-cost and environmentally friendly solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and synthesized in low vacuum (0.1 Pa). The effect of a short-term low-temperature treatment in air and final annealing under low vacuum (0.1 Pa) on the synthesis of CZTS films was tested and analyzed. XRD and Raman spectra have shown the polycrystalline nature of obtained CZTS films with almost a pure kesterite phase content. The average size of crystallites D~60 nm in the films was estimated. The value of the band gap Eg≈1.53 eV was determined from the analysis of optical characteristics. The analysis of electrical characteristics was carried out in the scope of the model of current transport in polycrystalline materials with electrically active grain boundaries. The determined values of the specific resistance ρ≈2.38 Ω cm, the hole density p0≈4.2×1018 cm−3 and the effective mobility μp≈0.63 cm2/(V s) demonstrate that the CZTS films under investigation are prospective for the fabrication of highly efficient solar cells
Smart communities inside local governments: a pie in the sky?
No full textPurpose - Via embracing the idea that who directly experiences a problem is keener to develop more innovative solutions, local governments have started to engage smart communities in the innovation of public services' delivery. Even if the meaning of "smart community" generally refers to the community participation in the innovation of public services for urban living, local governments have predominantly stimulated the participation of their citizens. But innovative ideas can potentially spring out also from the insiders. This paper aims to find the managerial and technological issues that public managers have to consider when planning an internal smart community initiative. Methodology - For this purpose, the authors analyse the case study of the Municipality of Turin that developed a participatory smart community project, named Innova.TO, through the theoretical lens of sensemaking (Weick et al., 2005; Weick, 1979). Findings - Results show that there are three main aspects to be considered when implementing smart community initiatives in local governments. Originality - Even if there is the potential, the engagement of public employees in a smart community of innovators is not straightforward and several complexities may challenge its success. Otherwise, real-life examples and empirical studies are still episodic. As a consequence, if it is concretely possible to build a smart community of innovators inside a local government still remains a question to which this paper aims to respons
Hydrodynamic-type systems describing 2-dimensional polynomially integrable geodesic flows
No full textAnalyzing the diffusion of a multi-side ICT platform for urban logistics services: A System Dynamics approach
No full textAssessment of optimal distribution network reconfiguration results using stochastic dominance concepts
No full textLinee di stampaggio con presse transfer
No full textVengono presentati i sistemi di movimentazione di pezzi di lamiera per linee di presse transfer. Sono esaminate le problematiche degli organi di presa e di movimentazione. E' descritto il contributo dei sistemi pneumatici alla realizzazione dei dispositivi usati nell'industri
Drug release kinetics from biodegradable UV-transparent hollow calcium-phosphate glass fibers
No full textUpcoming medical procedures, such as photodynamic therapy or photochemical tissue bonding, require the local delivery of light and photosensitive dyes in selected deep tissues of the body. To achieve this purpose, it is essential to understand the dye/surface interaction of the materials involved. This work explores the employment of resorbable hollow glass fibers as controlled drug delivery systems and characterizes the release kinetics of four drugs with different chemical behaviors. The designed glass results to be optically transparent, biodegradable and biocompatible. The drugs were chosen in order to understand the interaction mechanism of different chemical species with the glass surface and to assess possible reactions. The results show that all drugs can be delivered, but ionized species tend to be withheld more than neutral molecules, suggesting the occurrence of hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction with the hydrophilic glass surface