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Estimation of sickness absenteeism among Italian healthcare workers during seasonal influenza epidemics
No full textAnalysis of absenteeism among healthcare workers (HCWs) at a large Italian hospital, and estimation of the increase in absenteeism that occurred during seasonal flu periods
Calibration system for low-current transresistance amplifiers with a low-frequency sinewave source
No full textModelli cartacei per la comprensione della forma architettonica: ricerca, progetto, sperimentazione e didattica in un dialogo tra geometria e rappresentazione | Paper models for the understanding of architectural shape: research, design, testing and teaching in a dialogue between Geometry and Representation
No full textITA La ricerca si orienta verso rinnovate forme di rappresentazione plastica che permettono una condivisione della conoscenza (architettonica) attraverso una modellazione più accessibile e ripetibile: quella con la carta. L'interdisciplinarietà della ricerca ha portato alla progettazione di supporti per la didattica delle superfici rigate in architettura, ragionando tra proiezioni e sviluppi, quantificando superfici e perimetri, con l'uso di strumenti matematici quali il calcolo integrale. Gli esiti vanno dal generale al particolare, giungendo all'applicazione sulla Mole Antonelliana. ENG The research is oriented towards renewed forms of plastic representation that allow a sharing of (architectural) knowledge through the most accessible and repeatable form of modeling: that with the paper. The interdisciplinary of our research led us to design supports for teaching ruled surfaces in Architecture courses, by means of projections and developments, evaluations of surfaces and perimeters, using of mathematical tools such as integral calculus. Our results range from the general to the particular, up to an application to the Mole Antonelliana
Seismic Performance of Structures Isolated with FPS for Different Soil Conditions considering Intermediate Isolation Degrees
No full textThis study investigates the optimal properties of friction pendulum devices to seismically isolate elastic structural systems under earthquake excitations having different characteristics in terms of frequency content considering intermediate isolation degree values. A two-degree-of-freedom model is considered to describe the isolated system behavior with a velocity-dependent model for the isolators. Specifically, a non-dimensional formulation of the governing equations of motion is adopted assuming the superstructure displacements, the isolator forces and damping factors as the response parameters of interest for the performance assessment. Several seismic artificial excitations, having frequency contents properly defined to describe respectively stiff, medium and soft soil conditions, are assumed. Finally, the optimum values of the friction coefficient that minimize the superstructure displacements as a function of the structural system properties, of the intermediate isolation degree values and of the soil condition are numerically computed
Dynamic modulation of photosystem II supercomplex macrostructure: from light harvesting to grana stacking
No full textEffect of corroded reinforcement in RC structures: from cracking to bond performance
No full textReinforced concrete (rc) is the most used building material. The natural ageing of the rc structures moves the attention to the durability aspect. The latter depends on the environmental conditions, which are getting always more severe, but also it depends on the poor detailing and material characteristics during casting. Hence, the deterioration of rc structures becomes a matter of primary importance. The most common cause of deterioration of rc structures is the reinforcement corrosion: it affects the steel reinforcement reducing the sectional area and modifying the mechanical properties. Moreover, corrosion provokes the concrete section loss because of the cracking induced by the expansive phenomenon; hence the resisting section is reduced and the deteriorated reinforcement is further exposed to the aggressive environment. Finally, corrosion deeply changes the characteristics of the interface layer between steel and concrete because of the oxides formation; therefore, bond between the materiala changes. In the present dissertation, steel reinforcement corrosion and its mechanical implications were studied; in particular, the investigation was developed both experimentally and numerically. As far as the former is concerned, pull-out test of corroded RILEM type specimens was performed. The experimental variables were three: the corrosion level; the main reinforcement dimension and the presence of the transversal reinforcement. The maximum corrosion level reached was 20% in terms of mass loss, this values is far greater than those available in the literature which rarely overtake the 10% of mass loss; further corrosion nominal levels were 2, 5 and 10%. The main reinforcement, whose diameter was of 12 and 16 mm, were artificially corroded by means of the application of a low density current in order to reach the nominal corrosion level with a reliable accelerated mechanism. Confined specimens were provided with closed stirrups which were corroded up to the level of the main reinforcement. During the corrosion phase, the specimens were daily soaked in a tank containing water and then stored in a humidity controlled room, those operations allowed to accomplish the wet and dry condition. The cracks were measured every 48 hours and the collected data were merged to other outcomes obtained from the literature. An interpolation curve was proposed: it is able to forecast the corrosion level starting from the crack width measure and taking into account geometrical and mechanical characteristics of the rc elements. The core of the experimental program was the pull-out test stage which allowed to obtain the bondslip curves of the specimens firstly corroded and then tested. At the end of the pull-out test, the reinforcing bars and the stirrups were extracted and the actual corrosion rates were determined. Results of the test integrate the present literature and highlighted the role of the inspected parameters. Furthermore, the outcomes were used for calibrating the numerical model. The numerical study lead to the definition of a simple and modular analytical model which allows to take into account the presence of the confinement and the corrosion products. The modelling was realized in the longitudinal and in the transversal direction: hence the model can be considered three dimensional with axial symmetry assumption. In the longitudinal modelling, the boundary value problem is solved using a local bond-stress similar to that one proposed by the MC2010. The transversal modelling was based on the thick-walled cylinder theory which allowed to determine the pressure acting at the steel to concrete interface. In this context, a softening behaviour of the cracked concrete was assumed. Transversal and longitudinal modelling were linked by means of a friction criteria whose parameter depend on the corrosion level and on the concrete tensile strength. Finally, the model was used to simulate some experimental results in the literature. Taking into account the great scatter of the outcomes from the bond test and also due to corrosion phenomenon, a good agreement between the experimental outcomes and the numerical results is observed
Findings from measuring door-to-door travellers' travel satisfaction with traditional and smartphone app survey methods in eight European cities
No full textThis study investigates how different travel satisfaction survey methods influence the reported level of door-to-door travel satisfaction among travellers. The travel satisfaction measurement survey tools tested consisted of two types of smartphone applications (a satellite navigation app and a game app), an on-line survey, a paper-based semi-structured questionnaire and a focus group. Each of the measurement tools comprised of a similar set of questions, but in different formats, aimed at exploring the pros and cons of each tool among different group of travellers. In total, 5,275 valid responses were collected during the survey period from eight European cities and five FIA (Federation Internationale de I'Automobile) national motorist networks. The analysis results, with ordered logit model of travellers' reported overall satisfaction, showed that the travel satisfaction reported by different survey methods and different travel modes and user groups, correlated with distinct groups of key determinants. The relationship between and within these key determinants, however, was far from straight forward. Some were more complex than others. Some issues, such as parking availability and security, that are mostly discussed by policy makers and users may not be the ones that directly correlate with the users' overall travel satisfactions. Consistent with previous studies, the travellers' mood and previous experience influenced the reported overall journey satisfaction
A mixed-signal ASIC for the readout of Gas Electron Multiplier detectors: Design review and characterization results
No full textTIGER (Turin Integrated Gem Electronics for Readout) is a mixed-mode front-end ASIC developed to readout the new inner tracking detector of the BESIII experiment, carried out at BEPCII in Beijing. The detector is planned to be installed during the 2018 upgrade and features an innovative three-layer triple-CGEM (Cylindrical Gas Electron Multiplier) with analog readout. The ASIC comprises 64 channels, each of which features a dual-branch architecture to extract and digitize the timestamp and charge of the input signal. The time-of-arrival is provided by a set of low-power TDCs, based on analog interpolation techniques, while the charge measurement is obtained either from the time-over-threshold information or the 10-bit digitization of the signal peak amplitude. Fabricated in a 110 nm CMOS technology, the ASIC has been designed to operate with an input capacitance of about 100 pF, an input dynamic range between 1 and 50 fC, a power consumption of 10 mW/channel and a sustained event rate of 60 kHz/channel
From time-series to complex networks: Application to the cerebrovascular flow patterns in atrial fibrillation
No full textA network-based approach is presented to investigate the cerebrovascular flow patterns during atrial fibrillation (AF) with respect to normal sinus rhythm (NSR). AF, the most common cardiac arrhythmia with faster and irregular beating, has been recently and independently associated with the increased risk of dementia. However, the underlying hemodynamic mechanisms relating the two pathologies remain mainly undetermined so far; thus the contribution of modeling and refined statistical tools is valuable. Pressure and flow rate temporal series in NSR and AF are here evaluated along representative cerebral sites (from carotid arteries to capillary brain circulation), exploiting reliable artificially built signals recently obtained from an in silico approach. The complex network analysis evidences, in a synthetic and original way, a dramatic signal variation towards the distal/capillary cerebral regions during AF, which has no counterpart in NSR conditions. At the large artery level, networks obtained from both AF and NSR hemodynamic signals exhibit elongated and chained features, which are typical of pseudo-periodic series. These aspects are almost completely lost towards the microcirculation during AF, where the networks are topologically more circular and present random-like characteristics. As a consequence, all the physiological phenomena at microcerebral level ruled by periodicity - such as regular perfusion, mean pressure per beat, and average nutrient supply at cellular level - can be strongly compromised, since the AF hemodynamic signals assume irregular behaviour and random-like features. Through a powerful approach which is complementary to the classical statistical tools, the present findings further strengthen the potential link between AF hemodynamic and cognitive decline
Fantasia e realtà: l'Internet delle cose serve?
No full textVengono esaminate le problematiche relative alla sicurezza dei dati in sistemi sempre più interconnessi