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Is the firing rate of motor units in different vastus medialis regions modulated similarly during isometric contractions?
No full textIntroduction: Previous evidence suggests the fibers of different motor units reside within distinct vastus medialis (VM) regions. It remains unknown whether the activity of these motor units may be modulated differently. Herein we assess the discharge rate of motor units detected proximodistally from the VM to address this issue. Methods: Surface electromyograms (EMGs) were recorded proximally and distally from the VM while 10 healthy subjects performed isometric contractions. Single motor units were decomposed from surface EMGs. The smoothed discharge rates of motor units identified from the same and from different VM regions were then cross-correlated. Results: During low-level contractions, the discharge rate varied more similarly for distal (cross-correlation peak; interquartile interval: 0.27-0.40) and proximal (0.28-0.52) than for proximodistal pairs of VM motor units (0.20-0.33; P = 0.006). Conclusions: The discharge rates of motor units from different proximodistal VM regions show less similarity in their variations than those of pairs of units either distally or proximally
Structural, optical, and electrical properties of Cu2SnS3 thin films produced by sol gel method
No full textNella soglia. Attraversamenti fra architettura e filosofia
No full textRelatore della tesi di Dottorato di Giada Domenici, correlatore F. Purini, Facoltà di Architettura, Sapienza Università di Roma, discussa nel Febbraio 2017.La tesi indaga il complesso intreccio che, a volte sub limen, si è sviluppato fra alcuni dei massimi rappresentanti della cultura architettonica e filosofica italiana nel corso del'900, aprendo un campo di studi ancora non troppo indagato, che pone al proprio centro un "fare che è un pensare e un pensare che è azione", secondo un circolo ermeneutico che, pur ribadendo la specificità dell'operare architettonico, non ritiene il pensiero filosofico "spiegazione eteronoma", piuttosto sfondo da cui emerge la dimensione teorica-operativa del progetto. Le coppie indagate, a volte in un dialogo serrato, altre a distanza, sono: M. Piacentini e G. Gentile; E. N. Rogers ed E. Paci; A. Rossi e A. Gramsci; P. Portoghesi e G. Vattimo
Il Gabinetto di Architettura antica e Tecnica degli stili
No full textLa mostra porta alla luce una collezione fotografica, conservata presso la Biblioteca Centrale di Ingegneria del Politecnico di Torino, costituita da 2.500 positivi su carta e su vetro e alcune cartoline artistiche risalenti al periodo compreso tra la fine del XIX secolo e i primi decenni del XX. La ricerca ha portato alla ricostruzione storica del Gabinetto di Architettura, attivo dal 1885 circa sino agli anni Trenta del XX secolo
DEVELOPMENT OF A TEST SYSTEM FOR VOICE MONITORING CONTACT SENSOR: PHONATORY SYSTEM SIMULATOR
No full textContact microphones are the best tool for monitoring the health of the phonatory system in a non-invasive way, to record the voice activity in order to extract reliable parameter useful to diagnose voice diseases like dysphonia, polyps and nodules. After testing different contact microphones on many human subjects arise the need of a proper characterization, since the in vivo tests suffer from lack of reproducibility due to the biological variability and to the absence of a strong reference. For this purpose a phonatory system simulator has been created, an apparatus that can mimic the biological system on which the sensors has to work. Such an apparatus has been validate and four different contact sensor has been tested with it
Electric propulsion for high-power deep space transportation system: investigation on mutual influences and preliminary sizing
No full textWastewater treatment plant (WWTP): benchmarking analysis and aeration optimization
No full textThe presented work takes in account two aspects of one of the Italian most bigger civil waste water treatment plant based on conventional active sludge technology (CAS). The first investigation regards the definition and calculation of three indexes of energy consumption. Then, with gathered values, a benchmarking analysis was conducted to compare the SMAT plant with similar ones all around the world. The initial investigation was also used to check which part of the plant uses more electricity. As expected, the aeration system the oxidation tanks is the system in the plant that determines the highest energy consumption, therefore in the second part of the work, the optimization of the aeration operation, from an energy point of view, was performed. A numerical model, for the determination of the system oxygen demand that takes in consideration several function variables, was realized and used with real data coming from two measurement campaigns. The sampling campaigns were performed for a week in two different periods of the year, the warmest and the coldest, then the data were also compared from the ones stored inside the SCADA system of the plant, for further correlations and evaluations. In this work the results obtained from these investigations are presented
Innovative Design of Attachment for Turbine Blade Rotating at High Speed
No full textThere is evidence of a lack of knowledge in the design of the blade/disk attachment so that the strength of the materials is not fully exploited and the load capability of the attachment is underestimated. The aim of this work is to improve the engineers' capability in designing the attachment so that higher loads can be carried with the same material. To this end, an optimization method has been applied to the attachment design. A dovetail blade root was chosen as case study and the objective function was the static equivalent stress in the blade and the disc. The dovetail was described by variable parameters under geometrical and physical constraints. Optimization was performed with a Genetic Algorithm (GA). The result of the optimization procedure is the optimal set of parameter values that minimizes the equivalent stress on the critical areas. Moreover, a surrogate function was utilized as a booster to the GA to save computational time. Stress analysis was performed with a commercial Finite Element (FE) software to provide the exact fitness value. An in-house code was developed to manage both the optimization process and the input/output interface with the FE software. The same code provides a decision-making core. This core checks for feasibility of the geometry of the current set of parameters. The expected result is an optimized profile in terms of Von-Misses equivalent stress
Study of the Halbach magnetization in small PM electrical machines adopting the bonded magnets
No full textIn the recent past the authors dedicated much work to small PM motor adopting permanent bonded magnets, and to the magnetization problems. Now it is largely proposed the so-called Halbach magnetization, presenting the directions of the magnetic induction variable along the magnet; its constitutes a tentative of sinusoidality for the magnetic induction component orthogonal to the magnet surface. It was decided to try to realize a motor prototype through the realization of the magnets by accosting small sectors, each with a magnetization direction different, and aiming to obtain an Halbach magnetization. In this paper a FEM simulation activity is presented to select the proper choice of the number and characteristics of the elementary sectors. At first the simulation instrument reliability has been tested through a confrontation between simulated and experimental results for some typical situations. Then the analysis was devoted to compare the windings rms voltage value and the cogging torque amplitude; the selected reference case is the one providing a radial magnetization. The analyzed solutions provide some hypothetical composed magnets, having different number of sectors and different angular amplitudes. Such activity allowed interesting considerations and a criterion useful for the choice of the magnets characteristics and for the number of the elementary sectors to be adopted for the motor prototype. The negative effect of the Halbach solution on the cogging torque amplitude is considered too
Multi-level and hybrid modelling approaches for systems biology
No full textDuring the last decades, high-throughput techniques allowed for the extraction of a huge amount of data from biological systems, unveiling more of their underling complexity. Biological systems encompass a wide range of space and time scales, functioning according to flexible hierarchies of mechanisms making an intertwined and dynamic interplay of regulations. This becomes particularly evident in processes such as ontogenesis, where regulative assets change according to process context and timing, making structural phenotype and architectural complexities emerge from a single cell, through local interactions. The informa- tion collected from biological systems are naturally organized according to the functional levels composing the system itself. In systems biology, biological information often comes from overlapping but different scientific domains, each one having its own way of representing phenomena under study. That is, the dif- ferent parts of the system to be modelled may be described with different formalisms. For a model to have improved accuracy and capability for making a good knowledge base, it is good to comprise different sys- tem levels, suitably handling the relative formalisms. Models which are both multi-level and hybrid satisfy both these requirements, making a very useful tool in computational systems biology. This paper reviews some of the main contributions in this field