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A Componet-Wise Approach for the Failure of Complex Aeronautical Structures
No full textUsing advanced beam models based on the Carrera Unified Formulation, this paper presents an analysis of a damaged ta- pered aircraft structure. Results obtained from static and free vibration analyses are presented to evaluate the evolution of the stress and the modal behaviour in a multi-component damaged structure. This 1-D model is able to modify the material propri- eties, then the stiffness, at the local level. In this way, many types of local and global damage can be introduced into the structure. The results show the capability of the present model to obtain with a low computational cost, displacements, stresses and vi- bration characteristics of damaged structures making him a good candidate for design and maintenance tools
Two-species boson mixture on a ring: A group-theoretic approach to the quantum dynamics of low-energy excitations
No full textWe investigate the weak excitations of a system made up of two condensates trapped in a Bose-Hubbard ring and coupled by an interspecies repulsive interaction. Our approach, based on the Bogoliubov approximation scheme, shows that one can reduce the problem Hamiltonian to the sum of sub-Hamiltonians ˆ H k , each one associated to momentum modes ± k . Each ˆ H k is then recognized to be an element of a dynamical algebra. This uncommon and remarkable property allows us to present a straightforward diagonalization scheme, to find constants of motion, to highlight the significant microscopic processes, and to compute their time evolution. The proposed solution scheme is applied to a simple but nontrivial closed circuit, the trimer. The dynamics of low-energy excitations, corresponding to weakly populated vortices, is investigated considering different choices of the initial conditions and the angular-momentum transfer between the two condensates is evidenced. Finally, the condition for which the spectral collapse and dynamical instability are observed is derived analytically
Urban commoning in a civic social network: the case study of FirstLife
No full textThe integration of ICTs in the urban management is increasing at all levels of public administrations in order to improve efficiency and effectiveness of public services, but their role is still instrumental rather than drive a change toward a more collaborative local governance. On the other hand, there is a raising expectation of the civil society to participate in decision making processes and contribute in defining local policies about sensitive topics. These purposes are often addressed by using or creating community digital tools designed for a specific contextual scope, resulting in a deep fragmentation of information about civic initiatives and social innovation projects and a lack of continuous communication among urban stakeholders even working in the same area. The challenge is to design an ICT solution to refactor the current practices of cooperation between private and public sector and support a real change in the city management processes from the local to the territorial level. In this contribution, we present the development of FirstLife, a map-based civic social network, designed to represent the complex environment of the city through geo-referenced time framed crowdsourced data about urban entities as events, places, groups, initiatives, projects, stories, news, etc. The main goals of the platform are to support the action of multiple stakeholders in alternative processes of co-management of common or shared resources, as for instance public spaces, green areas and buildings hosting collective institutions, to enable the co-production of services based on a reform of local administrative protocols toward the We-government model, and to empower mixed local networks. The development of FirstLife followed a participatory action design research methodology involving several stakeholders among associations, local authorities and institutions, businesses and the University in the city of Turin in the last two years. The participatory process started from the requirement elicitation, and continued with the collection of applicative scenarios based on the context analysis of internal/external relations of groups of stakeholders and the balancing of their goals in a common platform. Then, the co-design of features has been undertaken in the stakeholders' working environments to model the platform functionalities on the real processes and practices defining social acceptable technological solutions, ready to be adopted by institutional and civic organizations. The platform has been tested-in-use in multiple living labs and pilot projects, experimenting a number of use patterns representing the common actions in the city carried out by public or private actors. These activities have been integrated in an iterative development cycle that brought so far at four progressively improved versions of FirstLife, from a map-based tool to share georeferenced information to a common workbench for multiple stakeholders acting in the same area (from the neighbourhood to the city level) where open groups can self-organize initiatives and cooperate with others. The result of this process is a digital space for urban commoning practices,reflecting the organization of society in individuals and structured public and private entities, the spatial framework of their actions and the temporal development of city transformations and initiatives
Thermal comfort of dual-chamber ski gloves
No full textIn this work, the special design of a pair of ski gloves has been assessed in terms of thermal comfort. The glove 2in1 Gore-Tex has a dual-chamber construction, with two possible wearing configurations: one called "grip" to maximize finger flexibility and one called "warm" to maximize thermal insulation in extremely cold conditions. The dual-chamber gloves has been compared with two regular ski gloves produced by the same company. An intermittent test on a treadmill was carried out in a climatic chamber: it was made of four intense activity phases, during which the volunteer ran at 9 km/h on a 5% slope for 4 minutes, spaced out by 5- min resting phases. Finger temperature measurements were compared with the thermal sensations expressed by two volunteers during the test
A Taxonomy of ADC Architectures for ICT Engineering Curricula
No full textThis paper presents the various Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) architectures within a structured frame in order to outline the basic design choices and to point out some additional degrees of freedom beyond the classic ADC circuits. The parameters for a detailed analysis of performance, speed, precision, costs are identified and discussed. Within this frame, the paper identifies variations to the classic ADC structures, which provide additional speed/cost tradeoffs. The aim is to provide students an understanding of various ADC techniques, allowing a motivated choice of the most suitable structure for each specific application at the systems design level. This approach has been used in teaching ADCs for several years, and the paper includes a discussion of results and student feedback
Entrepreneurship Education: the impact of different teaching models on the development of new ventures
No full textThe creation of innovative businesses (startups and spinoffs) is a phenomenon capable of stimulating the economy. The literature finds that entrepreneurship education (EE) impacts entrepreneurial intention. The aim of this research is to enter the black box of entrepreneurship teaching models in order to uncover their different impact on the creation of university entrepreneurial outcome. University entrepreneurial outcome is measured by the number of spinoffs created by 80 US universities in the Association of University Technology (AUTM) database from 2011 to 2014. This research, through analyses of 1,262 entrepreneurship courses in US universities along a time span of 4 years, shows that demand models and the competence models have a positive impact on the creation of academic spinoffs. Implications for professors teaching entrepreneurship, universities, policy makers and students are discussed
1783-1908. Dalle case baraccate in legno agli edifici intelaiati in calcestruzzo armato nell'area dello stretto di Messina
No full textIl contributo si focalizza sulla evoluzione normativa per costruzioni asisimiche nell'area dello Stretto di Messina dal terremoto del 1783 a quello del 1908. La costruzione della "casa baraccata" con telaio ligneo fu standardizzata dopo il terremoto del 1783 e dimostrò favroevoli doti di resistenza anche durante il terremoto del 1908. A seguito di questo catastrofico sisma, la legislazione italiana ripropose il tema della costruzione a telaio, progressivamente adattandosi ai materiali resi disponibili dal mercato, come l'acciaio, il calcestruzzo armato e l'acciaio rivestito (c. d. ferbeton). Il percorso di studio comprende una indagine sull'archivio della Società Porcheddu e, esaminandone due edifici ritenuti paradigmatici, offre uno suarcio sull'atteggiamento di inzio XX secolo verso i "nuovi" materiali, tecnologie e criteri di verifica progettuale, senza domenticare come, un secolo dopo, la casa baraccata borbonica sia stata risperimentata a causa del suo durevole comportamento antisismico, il ferbeton sia scomparso ed il calcestruzzo armato attenda ancora la validazione del tempo
A protocol to assess the seismic criticality of existing small concrete dams
No full textDams are critical infrastructures whose failure would entail serious consequences for community safety. Although large dams represent the most dangerous items, small size dams may be critical, as a large number of these constructions are built in the proximity to inhabited zones. Earthquake is one of the hazards that may affect an existing dam. To assess safety and plan investments, dam owners need to create prioritisation sequences of interventions through a protocol considering technical, political and societal aspects. It is presented herein a specific procedure, based on a multi-criteria analysis with a rapid screening survey of the infrastructures, which addresses to classify the seismic criticality of dams considering the effects (in terms of loss of life and property) of a failure scenario subsequent to an earthquake. A protocol is used to define a prioritisation of interventions that mitigate the seismic risk. It has been applied to a group of 9 small concrete dams and 17 fixed weirs, built from 1920 to 1990 in Aosta Valley (Italy). As a result, about 30% of the existing dams, which are more vulnerable than fixed weirs, shows the highest level of seismic criticality, and needs to be retrofitted in accordance with the current standards