Higher Institute on Territorial Systems for Innovation
PORTO Publications Open Repository TOrinoNot a member yet
91193 research outputs found
Sort by
Regulating Big Data. The guidelines of the Council of Europe in the context of the European data protection framework
No full textIn January 2017 the Consultative Committee of Convention 108 adopted its Guidelines on the Protection of Individuals with Regard to the Processing of Personal Data in a World of Big Data. These are the first guidelines on data protection provided by an international body which specifically address the issues surrounding big data applications. This article examines the main provisions of these Guidelines and highlights the approach adopted by the Consultative Committee, which contextualises the traditional principles of data protection in the big data scenario and also takes into account the challenges of the big data paradigm. The analysis of the different provisions adopted focuses primarily on the core of the Guidelines namely the risk assessment procedure. Moreover, the article discusses the novel solutions provided by the Guidelines with regard to the data subject's informed consent, the by-design approach, anonymization, and the role of the human factor in big data-supported decisions. This critical analysis of the Guidelines introduces a broader reflection on the divergent approaches of the Council of Europe and the European Union to regulating data processing. Where the principle-based model of the Council of Europe differs from the approach adopted by the EU legislator in the detailed Regulation (EU) 2016/679. In the light of this, the provisions of the Guidelines and their attempt to address the major challenges of the new big data paradigm set the stage for concluding remarks about the most suitable regulatory model to deal with the different issues posed by the development of technology
Polyurethanes: a promising platform for engineering in vitro healthy and pathological tissue models
No full textShybo. Design of a research artifact for human-robot interaction studies
No full textThis article discusses the role of Design Research in the field of Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). Notably, the Research through Design (RtD) approach is proposed as a valuable method to develop HRI research artefacts due to the importance of having a physical artefact, a robot, that enables direct interaction. Moreover, there is a growing interest in HRI for design methodologies as methods for investigation. Related to this, the article presents an example of a design process, focused on hands-on activities, namely sketching, 3D modelling, prototyping, and documenting. These making practices were applied to the development of Shybo, a small sound-reactive robot for children. Particular attention has been given to the five prototypes that led to the definition of the current solution. Morphological, behavioral, and interaction aspects were investigated throughout the whole process. Each phase of the design process was then documented with the intent of sharing potentially replicable practices and contributing to the understanding of the role that RtD can play in HRI
Rapid Design of a Light Vehicle Hydraulic Brake System
No full textBrake system design is considered quite challenging due to conflicting safety constraints imposed on the system performance. As several components are integrated into the system, design focused exclusively on a single element does not guarantee efficient system performance. As a consequence, no general rules are provided in developing this type of system. This paper aims at proposing a quick and intuitive design methodology for the development of light vehicle hydraulic brake systems. An analytical model for the brake system is presented, that includes formulation for each system component. Subsequently, the two most important safety homologation standards for light vehicle brake systems (both US and EU legislations) are analyzed. Their requirements are integrated in a Microsoft Excel tool to enable a quick brake system design that meets the government safety standards. Design parameters include the master cylinder size, the vacuum-assisted booster size, the brake line pressures, the proportional valve kick-off pressure, and the number and size of the brake pistons
Energy efficient urban districts: A multi-criteria application for selecting retrofit actions
No full textThe definition of the new paradigm for transition strategies toward sustainable development and low-carbon cities is crucial, mainly, in the built environment sector which is the key driver of energy consumption and carbon emission. Starting from the energy characterization of the urban environment, the paper proposes a multi-criteria decision aiding model as a support tool for promoting the energy retrofitting of urban districts. The PROMETHEE methodology has been applied to a case study in the city of Torino for outranking five different proposed alternatives for buildings refurbishment that allows to achieve 20% energy saving. Three main phases characterize the study: i. analysis of the buildings stock and alternatives identification; ii. criteria definition and quantification; iii. model implementation and result discussion. The model fits well the purpose of the analysis and highlights that Multi-Criteria Decision methods can provide relevant feedbacks and considerable help to building designers, planners and decision makers for ranking complex design energy options and select the most energy savings retrofitting scenari
Digital Archives for Preserving and Communicating Architectural Drawings
No full textArchives composed by architects and engineers projects are unique and significant sources for scientific research in understanding architecture in all its features connected also with multiple disciplines (history of architecture and representation, conservation, urbanism and landscape). Contemporary architectural archives contain relations which cannot easily be read and contextualized because of the documents organization and order, given by the archival necessities and the producers themselves during their working activity. According to the archival science, the documents reorganization is forbidden even if it could be helpful for their analyses. The use of digital databases at microscopic and macroscopic scale allows the contextualization of the archival data, in order to help the public to elaborate information and acquire new relations. The authors investigate the phenomenon underlining the benefits and the risks connected to the digitization of the contemporary architectural archives, focusing on their communicative potentialities thanks to the tools of the digital representation, in relation to the necessities of fruition and preservation of the original archival materials
Paesaggi urbani, "emergenze", immagini in mutamento
No full textUn interessante aspetto dell'eccezionale lavoro posto in opera dalla Commissione coordinata da Franceschini è senza dubbio rappresentato dal "censimento" (in un'accezione lasca del termine, lontana dalla lista e dall'esaustività a favore viceversa dell'esemplarietà e talvolta pure dell'universalità) - anche attraverso il potere evocativo immediato dell'immagine - dello stato dei beni culturali. Questa potenza della raffigurazione attraverso la fotografia, forse ancora più duramente esplicita nella crudezza senza cromie del bianco e nero, ha mosso la Scuola di Specializzazione a sollecitare alcuni specializzandi a compiere un'azione di riverifica, a cinquant'anni da quella selezione, delle condizioni in cui versano gli stessi "oggetti", contesti, paesaggi, oppure a segnalare il "malessere" o viceversa la "felice condizione" di altri che l'inchiesta aveva a suo tempo tralasciato. Il saggio apre alla sezione quarta del volume, intitolata "Testimonianze e immagini sul patrimonio"
Discontinuous Galerkin Method for the numerical investigation of the effects of an active Gurney flap on the characteristics of an airfoil
No full textIn the last two decades in fluid dynamics it has been reported an increasing attention toward higher order methods because of their capability to simulate with great accuracy some phenomena involving wave propagation and/or turbulence which are of great practical interest. At the same time the methods based on a Discontinuous Galerkin formulation for the spatial discretization have been investigated with increasing interest since the correspondent high order versions of the methods traditionally employed in fluid dynamics (Finite Elements Methods, Finite Volumes and Finite Differences) have shown important drawbacks in terms of efficiency or their implementation is hard. Nowadays the Discontinuous Galerkin Method can be considered mature as a great amount of numerical studies are available in literature in which the properties of this discretization such as robustness and stability are investigated. However studies regarding complex applications of practical interest are still missing. In this work an efficient Discontinuous Galerkin method is proposed for the solution of the Favre averaged Navier Stokes equations written adopting an Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian formulation, for turbulent compressible flows in two dimensions and for bodies whose velocity with respect to the mean flow field is not constant. The turbulence model is based either on the Spalart Allmaras equation or the k-ω. To partially mitigate its intrinsic high computational cost, a nodal formulation of the Discontinuous Galerkin Method was adopted. The integration in time of the governing equations is carried out either with an explicit Runge-Kutta fourth order scheme or with an implicit time discretization based on a preconditioned Generalized Minimal RESidual algorithm for the solution of the Newton linearized system. The numerical model is applied to the solution of unsteady flows associated to an actively controlled Gurney Flap (or micro-tab) located in proximity of the trailing edge of an airfoil, with oscillations up to 20Hz. Several configurations of deployment motions are considered under different free stream conditions in order to demonstrate the capability of the solver to predict accurately unsteady non-linear problems at high Reynolds numbers. Moreover the numerical calculations are compared with experimental data in the case of the NACA 0012 airfoil, and of a modified version of the base shape employed in the experiments whose trailing edge is slightly thickened in order to accommodate the Gurney flap and the mechanism for the active flap tests. The results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The flow scenarios proposed in literature in the case of a static Gurney flap, under different flow conditions and flap geometries, are confirmed. The dynamic case is investigated for different motion frequencies and flap heights, and compared with available experimental data. Extensive numerical simulations of active Gurney flaps are still missing, and the present work represents an attempt to give an insight into the effectiveness of active flaps
I luoghi e i processi del cibo
No full textIntroduzione critica alla parte terza del volume avente come oggetto "I luoghi e i processi del cibo. Places and process of Food". Il testo propone una riflessione attraverso i 24 contributi che hanno inteso affrontare i luoghi della produzione, preparazione, distribuzione, consumo, smaltimento e valori culturali dei cibo nella città e nel territorio, proponendo alcune chiavi di lettura trasversali: il fattore locale che lega i processi ai luoghi, il valore tangibile a quello intangibile; gli aspetti di quotidianità e gli elementi di eccezionalità che determinano usi e riusi; l'impatto delle migrazioni nel definire multiculturalità e caratterizzazioni etniche nella città