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A one-school year longitudinal study of secondary school teachers' voice parameters and the influence of classroom acoustics
No full textRecent literature reports that a large percentage of teachers complain that teaching has an adverse effect on their voice status. Thus, more needs to be done to study their vocal behavior. The objective of this longitudinal study was twofold: to determine changes in the voice use of teachers over a school year, and to study the relationships between voice use and classroom acoustic parameters. Thirty-one teachers from two secondary schools in Turin (Italy) were involved at the beginning of the 2014-2015 school year, and 22 of them also participated at the end of the same school year. The results show that teachers adjust their voices with noise and reverberation. A minimum value of the sound pressure level of voice (SPL) was found at a mid-frequency reverberation time of 0.8 s in both periods. Moreover, the teachers who worked in the worst classroom acoustic conditions showed an increase of 2.3 dB in the mean SPL and a decrease of 10% in the voicing time percentage at the end of the school year. A predictive model that can be used to estimate the mean SPL from the background noise level and the reverberation time, based on collected data, is here proposed
An operational framework to integrate traffic message channel (TMC)in emergency mapping services (EMS)
No full textCamera Selection and Flight Planning for Post Processing 3D Reconstruction Automatization
No full textCurrently available 3D reconstruction and aerial mapping solutions based on the Structure-from-Motion (SfM) and bundle adjustment, require careful equipment selection/configuration (camera, optics and imaging parame-ters' settings), accurate flight planning (number of images and their overlap percentage) and often user inter-vention during post processing. This paper studies the various factors affecting the quality of the final 3D recon-struction, their dependencies and trade-offs trying to push the whole 3D reconstruction and aerial mapping solu-tions to a more automated scheme with minimum user intervention. We address the design trade-offs between the camera and the flight plan parameters and their effect on the images' quality and the number and quality of matched features consequently. Then we consider the camera calibration as a fundamental stage in the SfM framework that affects afterwards the depth estimation and point cloud densification steps. An automated pho-togrammetry calibration solution - based on the Caltech Camera Calibration Matlab Toolbox and Andreas Geiger corner detector- is implemented and tested, allowing for a user-free precise camera calibration process. Finally, a professional photogrammetry application software based on the SfM (PIX4Dmappper) is used to assess the use of additional data sets - like the commonly used GPS data - on the overall resulting 3D reconstruction quality in terms of model richness and accuracy. Two geo-localization data sets (standard GPS used by the UAV autopilot and an L1/L2 GPS corrected with PPK) were used with various stated uncertainty bounds processed with the same images' data set. The comparison of the resulting 3D reconstructed models highlights the decisive im-portance of identifying the actual uncertainty bounds - combining the equipment nominal uncertainty with the system introduces factors like the camera capture/GPS synchronization- instead of using relaxed (larger) uncer-tainty bounds or tighter bounds
Existence of non-dispersion niches of long perturbation waves in the plane Poiseuille flow. Impact on wave packets morphology
No full textWe consider the dispersion of 3D wavy perturbations in the plane Poiseuille flow. We focus on the wavenumbers-Reynolds numbers map. By considering the long-term evolution of these linear traveling waves, we found a sub-region nested in the dispersive part of the map where dispersion is abruptly inhibited. This region is observed at the bottom right dial of the map (Re>29840 and k<0.35) and includes non-dispersive waves moving as the basic flow. Two other regions were observed with a dispersion substantially different with respect to the surroundings. In one case, the dispersion level measured as the difference between the group speed and the phase speed is enhanced. In the other, the dispersion level is damped. Such regions contain waves with higher phase speed than waves in the surrounding area of the parameter space. This study builds on a previous one (PRE 93, 2016) where, by moving in the map from small to high wavenumbers, we show that a dispersive-to-nondispersive transition occurs in sheared flows under fixed flow conditions. The transition takes place at a specific wavenumber threshold, which splits the map in two main regions: the lower one, the dispersive one, being that hosting the nested regions above. An inference on the morphology of wave packets is presented
Empirical analysis of entrepreneurial education in US universities
No full textThe consideration of entrepreneurship as a subject that can be taught in universities is widely accepted. Consequently, the number of entrepreneurship courses offered by American universities steeply increased from a negligible amount in 1970 to more than 2,200 courses in 2003. Universities should make important strategic decisions to develop an entrepreneurial environment. The aim of this paper is to study these decisions by analyzing the impact of university research (quantified using research expenditure), Technology Transfer Office (quantified using the number of employees) and professors' profiles (quantified using their entrepreneurial experience, the scientific level of their researches and their relational capital) on the creation of patents and academic spinoffs in the US. For this research, the Association of University Technology Manager (AUTM) database was employed as initial data source. This database was intersected with the Times Higher Education (THE) world ranking to create a selection of 80 US universities. For these universities, we extracted 787 entrepreneurship professors and their attributes. The relevance of this piece of work stems from the need to understand with more reliability the effects of university strategies on entrepreneurial outcomes. Especially, understanding the role and impact of entrepreneurship professor
