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Machinability of Solution Strengthened Ferritic Ductile Iron
No full textSolution strengthened ferritic ductile iron is a grade of ductile iron where the ferritic matrix is solution strengthened by silicon. The addition of silicon results in a combination of higher mechanical properties and higher elongation as compared to standard grades of ductile iron. Some research suggests silicon solution strengthened ferritic ductile iron (SSFDI) grades can result in a 10-50% machining cost savings compared to conventional grades. Although these grades can result in lower machining costs, some grades have an increased base cost in the raw material form. For example, 500-14 SSFDI and 600-10 SSFDI ductile iron grades can be 1 to 4% higher in base casting costs over comparable conventional grades. An overall lack of machining knowledge has impeded the growth of 500-14 SSFDI and 600-10 SSFDI in North American markets, due to machining costs being kept at conventional grade speeds and feeds
Collector’s Note: Copper Microcrystals and Accessory Minerals Saint Louis County, Minnesota: Thirty-third in a Series of Articles on the Mines and Minerals of the Lake Superior Copper District
No full textTemporal changes to the added worker effect associated with spousal job loss
No full textThis paper utilizes the 1968–2019 survey waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to analyze the added worker effect for wives of husbands who lose their job through no fault of their own. Specifically, we focus on the potential changes to the added worker effect over time. Our results show that the added worker effect peaked in the 1980s and has declined over time. Further, heterogeneity exists across age groups. The added worker effect is largest for women who are relatively older at the time of their husbands’ job loss, ages 40+. As the magnitude of the added worker effect declined from the 1970s to the 2000s, the long-run impact of job loss on family income has increased over time. Finally, displaced husbands are increasingly more likely to be employed part-time following their own displacement across both decades and the wife’s age at time of displacement
CYANINE-BASED DUAL-EMISSION SENSOR FOR RATIOMETRIC NAD(P)H IMAGING IN CELLS, RENAL TISSUES, AND ENTIRE ORGANISMS
No full textMonitoring the dynamic fluctuations of NADH and NADPH, key coenzymes in Intracellular redox homeostasis and bioenergetics, are essential for understanding both normal physiology and disease pathology. However, precise, real-time imaging of NAD(P)H levels in complex biological systems remains a major challenge due to interference from endogenous fluorescence and the limitations of intensity-based sensors. We present a newly engineered dual-emission fluorescent sensor, sensor A, which overcomes these obstacles by offering ratiometric detection with high specificity and sensitivity. The sensor features a 3-quinolinium moiety conjugated to a cyanine dye scaffold via an amine linker, enabling selective reactivity toward NAD(P)H. Upon reduction, the sensor displays a pronounced fluorescence shift, with visible emission enhancement at 511 nm and a simultaneous near-infrared emission decrease at 711 nm. This ratiometric response provides a self-calibrating readout, minimizing errors from sensor concentration or excitation variability. Sensor A was validated in diverse biological contexts. In live cancer cell lines (HeLa and MD-MB453), it sensitively tracked NAD(P)H alterations induced by metabolic stimulation and chemotherapy. In Drosophila melanogaster larvae, the sensor enabled in vivo imaging of redox changes under nutrient deprivation and drug exposure. Remarkably, sensor A also distinguished between healthy and diseased human kidney tissues, revealing elevated NADH levels in polycystic kidney disease samples. These results demonstrate the broad utility of sensor A for investigating NAD(P)H-related processes in both research and clinical diagnostics. Its dual-emission, ratiometric output, and compatibility with live-cell and in vivo imaging make it a valuable platform for probing redox biology across multiple model systems
Poster Printers, Beach Reads, Recipes, and Games: Library Resources to Make Your Life Easier
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Using Canvas for Office and Department Training
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Correction: Turn-on fluorescent glucose transport bioprobe enables wash-free real-time monitoring of glucose uptake activity in live cells and small organisms
No full textCorrection for “Turn-on fluorescent glucose transport bioprobe enables wash-free real-time monitoring of glucose uptake activity in live cells and small organisms” by Monica S. Hensley et al., RSC Chem. Biol., 2025, 6, 987–995, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4CB00239C.
The authors regret that two contributors, Micaela Rayne Geborkoff and Professor Dr Thomas Werner, were inadvertently omitted from the original author list of this article. Both individuals made significant contributions to the research reported.
Micaela Rayne Geborkoff was involved in the design, planning, and execution of the Drosophila experiments, specifically in the growth and treatment of fruit fly larvae. Professor Dr Thomas Werner provided laboratory resources and supervision, and played a key role in the experimental design and execution of the in vivo work, particularly contributing to the results presented in Fig. 7
Incorporation of E-Waste Plastics into Asphalt: A Review of the Materials, Methods, and Impacts
No full textThis paper presents a comprehensive review of the environmentally friendly management and reutilization of electronic waste (e-waste) plastics in flexible pavement construction. The discussion begins with an overview of e-waste management challenges and outlines key recycling approaches for converting plastic waste into asphalt-compatible materials. This review then discusses the types of e-waste plastics used for asphalt modification, their incorporation methods, and compatibility challenges. Physical and chemical treatment techniques, including the use of free radical initiators, are then explored for improving dispersion and performance. Additionally, in situations where advanced pretreatment methods are not applicable due to cost, safety, or technical constraints, the application of alternative approaches, such as the use of low-cost complementary additives, is discussed as a practical solution to enhance compatibility and performance. Finally, the influence of e-waste plastics on the conventional and rheological properties of asphalt binders, as well as the performance of asphalt mixtures, is also evaluated. Findings indicate that e-waste plastics, when combined with appropriate pretreatment methods and complementary additives, can enhance workability, cold-weather cracking resistance, high-temperature anti-rutting performance, and resistance against moisture-induced damage while also offering environmental and economic benefits. This review highlights the potential of e-waste plastics as sustainable asphalt modifiers and provides insights across the full utilization pathway, from recovery to in-field performance
Self-Organization in Metal Plasticity: An ILG Update †
Get PDFIn a 1987 article of the last author dedicated to the memory of a pioneer of classical plasticity Aris Philips of Yale, the last author outlined three examples of self-organization during plastic deformation in metals: persistent slip bands (PSBs), shear bands (SBs) and Portevin Le Chatelier (PLC) bands. All three have been observed and analyzed experimentally for a long time, but there was no theory to capture their spatial characteristics and evolution in the process of deformation. By introducing the Laplacian of dislocation density and strain in the standard constitutive equations used for these phenomena, corresponding mathematical models and nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) for the governing variable were generated, the solution of which provided for the first time estimates for the wavelengths of the ladder structure of PSBs in Cu single crystals, the thickness of stationary SBs in metals and the spacing of traveling PLC bands in Al-Mg alloys. The present article builds upon the 1987 results of the aforementioned three examples of self-organization in plasticity within a unifying internal length gradient (ILG) framework and expands them in 2 major ways by: (i) introducing the effect of stochasticity and (ii) capturing statistical characteristics when PDEs are absent for the description of experimental observations. The discussion focuses on metallic systems, but the modeling approaches can be used for interpreting experimental observations in a variety of materials
Research and Education in Robotics: A Comprehensive Review, Trends, Challenges, and Future Directions
No full textRobotics has emerged as a transformative discipline at the intersection of the engineering, computer science, and cognitive sciences. This state-of-the-art review explores the current trends, methodologies, and challenges in both robotics research and education. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the evolution of robotics, tracing its development from early automation to intelligent, autonomous systems. Key enabling technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), soft robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), and swarm intelligence, are examined along with real-world applications in healthcare, manufacturing, agriculture, and sustainable smart cities. A central focus is placed on robotics education, where hands-on, interdisciplinary learning is reshaping curricula from K–12 to postgraduate levels. This paper analyzes instructional models including project-based learning, laboratory work, capstone design courses, and robotics competitions, highlighting their effectiveness in developing both technical and creative competencies. Widely adopted platforms such as the Robot Operating System (ROS) are briefly discussed in the context of their educational value and real-world alignment. Through case studies, institutional insights, and synthesis of academic and industry practices, this review underscores the vital role of robotics education in fostering innovation, systems thinking, and workforce readiness. The paper concludes by identifying the key challenges and future directions to guide researchers, educators, industry stakeholders, and policymakers in advancing robotics as both technological and educational frontiers