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Microglia-Derived Extracellular Vesicles from Alzheimer’s Disease Patients Carry miRNAs Driving a Neuroinflammatory Response
No full textAlzheimer’s disease (AD) represents the most common cause of dementia and urgently requires sensitive biomarkers and effective therapies. Extracellular vesicles represent membranous nano-sized particles secreted from cells, which serve as intercellular messengers participating in central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, but also are implicated in AD pathogenesis. In addition, EVs containing disease-specific signatures, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), are considered as potent tools for the diagnosis and treatment of AD and other brain disorders. In this study, we used TMEM119 antibody to immunocapture microglia-derived EVs from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AD patients and control subjects. EVs harvested from these CSF samples contained distinct disease-specific miRNA profiles, as assessed by small RNA sequencing. Using a HEK TLR reporter cell system, we found that these miRNA are potent activators of human TLR8, an established RNA sensor. Out of the miRNAs present in AD-associated EVs, selected oligonucleotides were synthesized and loaded into BV2 microglia-derived EVs. Exposure of primary murine microglia to these miRNA-loaded EVs led to TNF release from these cells, thereby driving a neuroinflammatory response. Taken together, putatively microglia-derived EVs from the CSF of AD patients contain miRNAs, which are capable of activating hTLR8 and inducing an inflammatory response from microglia
Modified Patankar Semi-Lagrangian Scheme for the Optimal Control of Production-Destruction Systems
No full textIn this manuscript, we present a comprehensive theoretical and numerical framework for the control of production-destruction differential systems. The general finite horizon optimal control problem is formulated and addressed through the dynamic programming approach. We develop a parallel in space semi-Lagrangian scheme for the corresponding backward-in-time Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. Furthermore, we provide a suitable conservative reconstruction algorithm for optimal controls and trajectories. The application to two case studies, specifically enzyme catalyzed biochemical reactions and infectious diseases, highlights the advantages of the proposed methodology over classical semi-Lagrangian discretizations
l’11 marzo 2026 organizza e modera la Tavola Rotonda dal titolo “Donne costruttrici di pace” in collaborazione con “Pellegrini di Pace”, “Comunità di Sant’Egidio”, “PianoTerra ONLUS”. Partecipano: Carla Masi, Francesca Marone, Flora Di Donato.
No full textL'evento si inserisce nella rassegna Marzo delle Pari Opportunità del Dipartimento di Giurisprudenza e si avvale della collaborazione della Clinica Legale (prof.ssa Di Donato), del premio "Pellegrini di Pace" dell'Augustissima Arciconfraternita dei Pellegrini di Napoli e dell'Associazione ONLUS PianoTerra e della Comunità di Sant'Egidi
Blockchain and business performance: paving the way to economic, social and environmental goals
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Supplements to the Bibliography of A.J. Toynbee, Part II, Works about Arnold Toynbee, nos. 623-800 (1980-2025) https://www.academia.edu/161255944/Supplements_to_the_Bibliography_of_A_J_Toynbee_Part_II_Works_about_Arnold_Toynbee_nos_623_800_1980_2025_
No full textADDITIONS, INTEGRATIONS, CORRECTIONS AND SUPPLEMENTS TO THE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ARNOLD JOSEPH TOYNBEE, Nos. 623-800, Supplements to Part II, Works about Arnold J. Toynbe
Artificial intelligence and international business: Theoretical challenges, strategic implications, and research agenda
Get PDFThis perspective article explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping the theoretical foundations and strategic dynamics of international business (IB). We distinguish between predictive AI, generative AI, and agentic AI, examining how each transforms the behavior of multinational enterprises (MNEs). Moving beyond viewing AI as merely transactional or infrastructural technology, we conceptualize it as a cognitive substrate that transforms how MNEs learn, innovate, develop resources and capabilities, and make decisions across borders. By augmenting and partially substituting managerial cognition, AI reconfigures firm-specific and location-specific advantages, while challenging core assumptions of established IB frameworks and altering the governance of cross-border activities. AI also transforms global value chains through enhanced coordination, resilience, and transparency, yet it simultaneously introduces new risks related to algorithmic bias, sustainability, and dependency on digital infrastructures. The paper discusses the implications of AI adoption for MNEs and argues that existing IB theories may need to be complemented by new perspectives to account for AI disruption. The paper concludes by proposing a research agenda that integrates theoretical, strategic, institutional, and methodological insights for understanding AI’s transformative impact on IB
AI-Assisted Recruitment in Hospitality: Drivers of Candidate Satisfaction and Perceptions of Recruiter Credibility
Get PDFPurpose – Artificial Intelligence (AI)-assisted recruitment is evolving in the hospitality industry. However, a critical gap persists in understanding what recruiters expect from AI tools and how to design them to meet those expectations. To address this gap, this study adopts a dual-perspective approach, examining the drivers and outcomes of AI-assisted recruitment logistics from the viewpoints of recruiters and recruits.
Design/methodology/approach – We employed a mixed-method approach across two studies. Study 1 consisted of 12 interviews with hospitality managers to explore their desired outcomes of using AI tools in the recruitment process. Study 2 involved the development of a chatbot-based scheduling system, followed by a survey with 256 participants to examine what drives the desired outcomes from the candidates' perspective.
Findings – Study 1 reveals that beyond operational efficiency, recruiters use AI tools to enhance candidate satisfaction with the recruitment experience and to improve recruiter trustworthiness and attractiveness. Study 2 demonstrates that the key drivers of these outcomes are perceived usefulness, trust, and enjoyment.
Practical Implications – AI tools that assist the recruitment process should be designed to enhance candidate satisfaction and positively influence perceptions of recruiter credibility. To achieve this, their design should prioritize perceived usefulness, address privacy and security concerns, and offer an enjoyable user experience.
Originality/Value – This study investigates real user interactions with a functioning scheduling chatbot, offering a more authentic and valid assessment. Moreover, it extends the application of AI tools in hospitality beyond customer service, shedding light on their role in recruitment logistics
Açaí management intensification impoverishes Amazonian avian assemblages in estuarine forests
Get PDFNon-timber forest product (NTFP) exploitation has emerged as an alternative to deforestation in human-modified landscapes, but their overexploitation can also reduce biodiversity if it leads to chronic habitat degradation. This study investigates the effects of management intensification on the taxonomic and functional diversity of bird assemblages in Amazonian floodplain forests. The management is directed at enhancing açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) density for fruit production in the estuarine floodplains of Pará, Brazil. We explored community change across a gradient of açaí palm density ranging from 11 to 1430 clumps.ha−1 and we used multimodel inference to assess its effects on the richness, abundance, and functional attributes of bird guilds. We found that increasing açaí density was negatively correlated with species richness at local and landscape scales, leading to shifts in richness and composition especially negatively impacting insectivores and ‘forest dependent species’, whilst only a few species benefitted from intensification, such as Pitangus sulphuratus. These changes in avian community structure associated with açaí management intensification indicate that demand for this NTFP is driving ecological degradation of Amazon estuarine forests at local and landscape scales. Our findings underscore the need to regulate açaí management intensity to safeguard estuarine forest biodiversity