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Perpetual Edge Intelligence: Adaptive Hybrid Energy Harvesting and Reinforcement-Learning-Based TinyML for Autonomous IoT Sensors
No full textThe rapid advancement of Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) has enabled the deployment of intelligent inference capabilities on energy-constrained Internet of Things (IoT) devices. However, sustaining such computational workloads over extended operational lifetimes remains a critical challenge. This study presents a hybrid green energy-harvesting framework that integrates photovoltaic (PV) and ambient radio-frequency (RF) sources to power embedded TinyML workloads for air-quality monitoring applications. A comprehensive analysis of indoor energy sources is conducted to evaluate their suitability for autonomous sensing nodes. A dual-input power management architecture is developed, incorporating maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and supercapacitor-based energy buffering to achieve energy-neutral operation. The power consumption of three representative TinyML models: Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Tiny Neural Network, is profiled, with inference energy costs measured between 5 and 9 mJ per execution. Furthermore, a reinforcement learning (Q-learning) controller dynamically schedules inference events based on capacitor voltage and historical harvested power trends, optimizing the trade-off between predictive accuracy and energy availability. MATLAB-based simulations over a 12-hour indoor illumination cycle demonstrate that a 25 cm2 PV tile under 500 lux lighting, supplemented with ambient RF energy at −10 dBm, can achieve a mean harvested power of 1.2mW. The proposed system attains more than 95% probability of energy-neutral operation, as verified through Monte Carlo simulations. These findings establish a scalable methodology for self-sustaining, intelligent IoT nodes capable of continuous operation without battery replacement, contributing to sustainable and autonomous environmental sensing networks
Bromazolam Tablet Quantification and Analysis of Post‐Mortem Cases From the National Programme on Substance Use Mortality (NPSUM)
Get PDFBromazolam is a new psychoactive substance (NPS) benzodiazepine commonly identified by drug checking services and in post‐mortem toxicological analyses in the United Kingdom, Europe, and North America. At the time of writing, there are no studies that present quantitative analyses of bromazolam in street tablets. Here we describe the first quantitative analysis of bromazolam tablets, from samples submitted by UK drug checking services and police forces between 2022 and 2025. Using validated GC‐EI‐MS and 1H NMR methods, 47 tablet samples were quantified revealing a median bromazolam dose of 0.49 mg (interquartile range = 1.02 mg) per tablet, range of 0.09–5.4 mg. Over half of the tablet submissions (55%) mimicked the appearance of licensed pharmaceuticals alprazolam or diazepam, raising significant concerns around mis‐selling of street bromazolam tablets and the risks of unintentional high‐dose exposure to an NPS compound. To contextualise these findings, we also report post‐mortem data from the UK National Programme on Substance Use Mortality (NPSUM), in which bromazolam was detected in 396 drug‐related deaths between April 2021 and July 2024. Bromazolam detections in deaths rose from 28 deaths in 2021 to 160 deaths in 2023. Bromazolam was implicated in causing death in 82.8% of cases, with a median post‐mortem blood concentration of 43 ng/mL. Notably, bromazolam was co‐detected with an average of seven other substances per case, most commonly other central nervous system (CNS) depressants. These findings underscore the public health risks posed by bromazolam as an NPS benzodiazepine and highlight the urgent need for monitoring, harm reduction and forensic toxicology guidance
On the role of secondary aluminum use in minimizing environmental impact in the food packaging industry
No full textStabilizing high-efficiency perovskite solar cells via strategic interfacial contact engineering
No full textSurface passivation in perovskite solar cells can enhance device efficiency, yet incomplete interfacial functionality poses challenges to long-term reliability. Here we present a strategic interfacial engineering approach using sodium heptafluorobutyrate to fully functionalize the perovskite surface. Sodium heptafluorobutyrate acts as an ion shield that tunes the perovskite surface work function and increases the defect formation energy, resulting in an improved interface with the electron transport layer that minimizes recombination and boosts electron extraction under operation. We find that a sodium-heptafluorobutyrate-functionalized perovskite surface promotes a uniform, compact C60 layer that effectively blocks ion diffusion and stabilizes the device stack. This approach allows p–i–n perovskite solar cells to achieve a record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 27.02% (certified 26.96% with a maximum-power-point-tracking PCE of 26.61%). Devices with an active area of 1 cm2 deliver a PCE of 25.95%. Perovskite solar cells retain 100% of their initial efficiency following 1,200 h of continuous 1-sun illumination at the maximum power point. Devices also demonstrate exceptional thermal stability, retaining 92% of the initial PCE when ageing at 85 °C for 1,800 h and 94% after 200 thermal cycles between –40 °C and +85 °C
Broadband and Intense Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy for Investigating Liquid Solutions
No full textThe role of maternal prenatal attachment and postnatal stress on mother–infant bonding at 6 months
Get PDFAims
Maternal attachment mental state is critical in stress regulation and caregiving behaviours. However, most existing research relies on cross-sectional designs and self-reported attachment measures, which capture distinct but complementary aspects of attachment relative to interview measures. This longitudinal study examines the associations between maternal attachment mental states during pregnancy, postpartum stress and mother–infant bonding at 6-months postpartum.
Methods
The study followed 98 White expectant mothers in Italy, assessing attachment mental states during the third trimester of pregnancy (M = 35.20 gestational weeks, SD = 2.20; Time 1, T1) using the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). At 2-months postpartum (T2), maternal stress was measured via the Perceived Stress Scale, and at 6-months postpartum (T3), mother–infant bonding was evaluated using the Maternal Postnatal Attachment Scale. Of the initial sample, 91 mothers continued to T2, and 90 to T3. Mediation analyses examined whether postpartum stress mediated the relationship between maternal attachment coherence of mind and bonding.
Results
Mothers with lower coherence of mind during pregnancy─which is considered the single best indicator of attachment security in the AAI─reported higher postpartum stress at T2, which, in turn, was associated with lower-quality mother–infant bonding at T3.
Conclusion
Postpartum stress mediates the relationship between maternal attachment mental states and bonding quality. These findings suggest that addressing attachment-related vulnerabilities and stress during the perinatal period may help support positive mother–infant relationships and developmental outcomes, although future research is needed to directly evaluate the effectiveness of specific interventions
Crystallochromy and Reversible-Phase Transition in 2,6-Diamino-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]difuran-3,7-diethyl Ester Single Crystals: Experimental and Theoretical Insights
No full textThe benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]difuran core has emerged as a building block for the development of electronic and optoelectronic compounds, pharmacologically active molecules, and even antiproliferative tools for different cancer cell lines. In our past research articles, we analyzed the properties of a series of diaminobenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]difuran derivatives with different substituents, both from the functional and crystallographic points of view. We herein have investigated the effect of different crystallization conditions on 2,6-diamino-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]difuran-3,7-diethyl ester. We both obtained the known colorless crystalline structure 1a(RT) and another violet colored crystal form containing DMF as guest molecules, named 1b. On the other hand, we recorded the ability of 1a(RT) to change into another colorless crystal form named 1a(LT) at 100 K, undergoing a reversible-phase transformation accompanied by a reversible twinning/detwinning process. The solid-state assembly of the three crystal forms was deeply examined; specific absorption curves and colorimetric coordinates were studied, and the energetic characteristics were derived by computational methods
Appalti, livelli di trattamento e tecniche di tutela
No full textL'intervento ha riguardato le tecniche di tutela dei lavoratori negli appalti privati
Un modello di ricerca-intervento a supporto del disagio giovanile. Per riaccendere la speranza in un'epoca politraumatica.
No full textIn un’epoca politraumatica, tra pandemia, guerre e crisi climatica, la letteratura segnala un netto peggioramento del benessere psicologico nei giovani. Il presente lavoro racconta l’esperienza del laboratorio di psicoanalisi applicata rivolto a studenti universitari. Con un approccio interdisciplinare, esso mira a fornire strumenti di analisi e di comprensione della contemporaneità, utilizzando il trauma storico come lente di ingrandimento sul presente, dalla Shoah al trauma pandemico. La visione collettiva di film e la loro discussione è lo strumento per attivare un’analisi dei processi di massificazione, di disumanizzazione, ma anche di riumanizzazione. L’analisi delle dinamiche e il rinvenimento di spazi di resistenza supporta la riappropriazione di quella parte attiva che ciascuno può svolgere in un processo, riaccendendo la speranza di potervi incidere. L’accrescimento della consapevolezza ed intelligibilità sul reale, insieme alla fiducia nella propria agentività sono risorse preziose nella gestione delle situazioni complesse ed anche potenzialmente traumatiche
The PARG frontier: mechanisms of PAR turnover and opportunities in precision oncology
No full textADP-ribosylation is a versatile post-translational modification that governs fundamental processes, including DNA repair, transcription, and stress adaptation. Its homeostasis relies on the dynamic interplay between poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs), which assemble mono- or poly-ADP-ribose (PAR) chains on target macromolecules, and ADP-ribosyl hydrolases, which dismantle them. Disruption of this balance leads to the accumulation of toxic PAR and cell death, revealing vulnerabilities that can be therapeutically exploited. PARP inhibitors (PARPis) have revolutionised the treatment of homologous recombination-deficient cancers via synthetic lethality. Yet, emerging resistance limits their long-term efficacy, underscoring the need for novel targets within ADP-ribose signalling. The poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG), the principal enzyme involved in hydrolysing PAR, has emerged as a compelling candidate: its inhibition amplifies replication stress, drives mitotic catastrophe, and selectively kills cancer cells, particularly those reliant on PAR turnover for survival. Elevated PARG expression correlates with aggressive tumours and poor prognosis, positioning it as both a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. This review integrates recent structural and biochemical insights into PARG, highlighting the mechanisms of PAR reversal, regulatory control, and potential synthetic lethal interactions. We also discuss the discovery and development of selective PARG inhibitors, which promise to expand the therapeutic landscape, overcome PARPis resistance, and exploit vulnerabilities in replication-stressed cancers. By bridging mechanistic understanding with translational potential, targeting PARG represents a frontier in precision cancer therapy