Centro de Documentación de las Artes Escénicas y de la Música
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Beyond Kotler and Böhme, towards postmaterialism? Tracing neglected theorisations of atmospheres and atmospherics
No full textIn this paper, we trace the thinking around atmospheres and atmospherics. Initially our focus is upon Franz Anton Mesmer. We next examine atmosphere construction in retailing during the nineteenth century. From this, the narrative unpacks outputs penned between 1900 and 1950 which depict advertising as fashioning ‘psychic’ atmospheres and ‘magic cloaks’ for products and services. We then explore publications stressing curatorial atmospheres in retail stores. Concurrently evolving with the managerial literature is a critical stream of writing which holds that advertising generates pathological atmospheres. The spotlight next moves to debates taking place between the 1950s and 1970s. Attention is subsequently shifted to the 1980s revivification of critical studies and discussions of ‘toxic climates’. Finally, multiple possible future directions are identified
Promoting Infant and Family Mental Health and Wellbeing: Early Relationships, Family Support and Professional Practice
No full textThis informative and accessible text invites readers to engage with the latest developments and debates in the field of infant and family mental health and wellbeing from a multi-disciplinary perspective.
Bringing together a rich collection of knowledge and experience, unique insights are provided into aspects of family life, from attachment, attunement and bonding to therapeutic interventions and compassion. Each chapter shines a light on the importance of respectful early interventions and provides ethical and evidence-based strategies to promote healthy development and to empower parents and caregivers to support their child's (and their own) emotional and psychological needs. Spotlights on research and practice, reflective questions, and case studies weave throughout to further consolidate knowledge and to bring theory to life.
Critically reflecting on current policy and practice, this book advocates for an inclusive approach and underscores the significance of early experiences in shaping a child's mental health and overall development. It will be key reading for early childhood students, educators, healthcare professionals, and anyone interested in supporting families during the crucial early years
Large language models for scholarly ontology generation: An extensive analysis in the engineering field
No full textOntologies of research topics are crucial for structuring scientific knowledge, enabling scientists to navigate vast amounts of research, and forming the backbone of intelligent systems such as search engines and recommendation systems. However, manual creation of these ontologies is expensive, slow, and often results in outdated and overly general representations. As a solution, researchers have been investigating ways to automate or semi-automate the process of generating these ontologies. One of the key challenges in this domain is accurately assessing the semantic relationships between pairs of research topics. This paper presents an analysis of the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in identifying such relationships, with a specific focus on the field of engineering. To this end, we introduce a novel benchmark based on the IEEE Thesaurus for evaluating the task of identifying three types of semantic relations between pairs of topics: broader, narrower, and same-as. Our study evaluates the performance of seventeen LLMs, which differ in scale, accessibility (open vs. proprietary), and model type (full vs. quantised), while also assessing four zero-shot reasoning strategies. Several models with varying architectures and sizes have achieved excellent results on this task, including Mixtral-8x 7B, Dolphin-Mistral-7B, and Claude 3 Sonnet, with F1-scores of 0.847, 0.920, and 0.967, respectively. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate that smaller, quantised models, when optimised through prompt engineering, can achieve strong performance while requiring very limited computational resources
What is in a “trophy” photograph? The evidentiary and symbolic function of perpetrator-generated images of Ustaša atrocities
No full textThis chapter examines the evidentiary, symbolic, and mnemonic functions of a specific sub‑genre of perpetrator‑generated atrocity imagery: the so‑called “trophy” photograph. Focusing on one of the most iconic and widely reproduced images of Ustaša violence—a staged scene in which soldiers simulate the sawing of a kneeling victim—the chapter explores how such photographs have shaped public understandings of the genocide perpetrated in the Independent State of Croatia during the Second World War. While the Ustaša cultivated a distinctive culture of performative brutality, the chapter argues that the enduring power of “trophy” photographs lies less in what they document than in how they have been repeatedly mobilised, interpreted, and mythologised. Through close visual analysis and reconstruction of the photograph’s post‑war circulation, the chapter shows how this image became a “vessel of memory”: a symbolic condensation of Ustaša sadism, a touchstone for narratives of Serbian victimhood, and a visual anchor for atrocity stories whose historical accuracy is often uncertain. The chapter also considers the methodological challenges posed by perpetrator photography—its ambiguous provenance, staged composition, and polysemic nature—and reflects on what such images can and cannot tell us about Ustaša violence. Ultimately, the chapter highlights the complex interplay between photographic evidence, cultural memory, and the politics of representing extreme violence
A 3D data processing pipeline to automatically estimate tree dendrometric parameters from a single mobile phone video
No full textMeasurement of tree dendrometric parameters, such as height or trunk diameter at breast height (DBH), has been facilitated in the last decade using handheld devices such as smartphones or tablet computers. However, the solutions so far often require manual interaction, specific expertise or advanced technology. We present a simple and fully automatic method to compute the height, DBH and crown volume of individual urban trees using a single RGB video taken with any kind of device. It uses Structure-from-Motion to build a 3D point cloud from the video, scale it, isolate the tree within the cloud and fit geometric models to the trunk and the crown. In testing with a variety of tree taxa and sizes, the method accurately measures DBH and height and is robust to most environmental and video-recording parameters. This makes it suitable for use by expert and non-expert surveyors and a wide range of applications, including in citizen or community science
Sexual abuse of Bangladeshi street-connected children: A mixed methods study
No full textBackground
Sexual abuse is a grave concern for millions of street-connected children in Bangladesh. Perpetrator-enabling street environments create heightened risks for children though their victimizations have barely been investigated.
Objective
This study aims to explore sexual victimization of street-connected children in Bangladesh.
Participants and setting
A total of 592 children from Dhaka city participated in the survey, and 32 of them participated in qualitative interviews.
Methods
A concurrent mixed-methods design, comprising a quantitative survey and phenomenological interview, was adopted to estimate magnitude, contexts, processes, and perpetrators of sexual abuse.
Results
Findings demonstrated a wide range of sexual abuse and rape. Seventy-five percent of the children were subjected to forced kissing, 99 % were victims of salacious talk, and 84 % were victims of rape. Linear regression analysis identified gender, shelter, age, and poverty as the significant predictors of sexual abuse (F = 64.262, p < 0.001). Logistic regression analyses identified age (children 13 years or older), night shelter, and gender were significant predictors of rape. The overall model was found to be significant (χ2(df = 3) = 54.301, p < 0.001). Qualitative findings showed that children were sexually assaulted by adults, older youth, police, and strangers. Though children could be victims at any time, “nights are most fearful of all time…” as shared by a participant.
Conclusions
Findings imply that sleeping in an unprotected place is a strong predictor of increased rape, and prevention requires immediate housing of these children in safe places of their choice
Contemporary Classrooms: The Role of Motivation and Teachers' Beliefs
No full textThis chapter examines why motivation and teachers' beliefs are an important part of contemporary and future educational practice. It starts with a focus on motivation, drawing from self-determination theory (SDT) and considers the positive influence this may have on students' learning, psychological functioning, and wellbeing. It also briefly considers the potential importance of teachers' motivation. It then considers the implications of teachers' epistemological beliefs for inclusive education as well as their responses to climate-change related disaster education. The authors argue that, in the context of contemporary classrooms, the motivational climate and teachers' epistemological beliefs shape and underpin the wellbeing of the whole class community. Conclusions are made regarding the need to support teachers' agency within the classroom and curriculum and to facilitate pedagogies that foreground social engagement in order to move towards healthier, more inclusive classrooms, that work well for teachers and pupils alike
English Language: The Basics
No full textThis lively and engaging book traces English’s remarkable journey from a small, local language to the global resource it is today.
The book follows the story of English from its earliest origins, through its growth and expansion over the last 1,500 years, to the part it plays in twenty-first century society. Along the way, the book explores the language’s complex ties to cultural identity, literature and politics. It tracks its evolving relationship with technology – from the invention of the printing press to the rise of artificial intelligence – and explains how it became the global lingua franca across almost every field of international activity.
Concise, clear and informative, the book offers an ideal introduction for anyone curious about the English language: how it developed, how it is used today, and what role it will likely play in the future of global communication