Centro de Documentación de las Artes Escénicas y de la Música
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Investigating the potential of exploiting the missing fundamental phenomenon for low frequency noise control at music events
No full textThe control of noise at outdoor events is an increasingly prominent area of focus, possibly precipitated by the rising levels of low frequency content associated with many genres of modern music, and by more festivals being hosted at venues in heavily populated areas. Although there are many techniques for controlling and mitigating noise from live music events, there is no one solution that works every time. This paper investigates the potential of exploiting the psychoacoustic ‘missing fundamental’ phenomenon as a method of low frequency noise control.
Following a review of current UK event noise management guidance, the deviations from that guidance that occur in practice are explored, revealing a large variation in the limits that are applied. The phenomenon of the ‘missing fundamental’ is then discussed, explaining how the perception of pitch is maintained even when the fundamental frequency is removed. For four different test spectra, theoretical calculations are presented which demonstrate a reduction in the overall Z-weighted and C-weighted levels at an offsite location when the fundamental frequency is either reduced in amplitude or completely removed at source. Outdoor propagation measurements carried out at a small music festival are shown to be consistent with the theoretical predictions and confirm the potential noise mitigation benefits for nearby residents of reducing the fundamental at source, while still maintaining the on-site experience of event attendees
Fostering deliberation and action in context: an analysis of implementation research among healthcare professionals in LMICs from a post-digital perspective
No full textStrengthening health systems through workforce development is central to combating health crises and inequalities in some of the world's poorest countries (Agyeman-Manu et al., 2023) and is a key objective for implementation research (IR). Workforce development programmes often include blended and online modalities, offering the means to reach relevant communities at scale, removing barriers in accessing lifelong learning opportunities (see Frenk et al., 2022). However, approaches that privilege issues of access, reach and scale are overlooking critical problems, such as the persistent gap between ‘what one knows’ and ‘what one practises’ (Penkunas et al., 2021; Davis et al., 2003). In this paper we describe the implementation of an EdTech innovation situated within a technology-supported health workforce development programme in two distinct public health systems: Nepal and Ghana. This work focused on the challenge of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), a critical area of health practice related to the burden of bacterial infections. We report on an embedded multiple case study of a health workforce development programme across participating health facilities (n=12; 6 in each country). Taking a postdigital positionality (Jandrić et al., 2018) and using critical analysis guided by Helfrich et al.’s (2007) adapted Framework for Complex Innovations, we examine contextual factors that facilitated or impeded implementation. We used an iterative process to collect and analyse qualitative data generated by healthcare workers (HCWs) leading implementation activities in their organisations. By bringing in the relevance of the health field perspectives on the EdTech, the analysis illustrates the impact on implementation climate and the fit between the innovation and the values of participants. It provides evidence of how the innovation supported HCWs in organising new spaces of action to negotiate wider work and learning arrangements and facilitate the move of knowledge into their practice, hence offering a potential pathway to address the ‘know-do’ gap. The paper offers a significant contribution in understanding and conducting EdTech implementation research in professional settings in complex, resource-constrained settings
A two‐step formula constant optimization strategy for minimal standard deviation and zero mean prediction error in IOL power calculation
No full textPurpose:
To investigate the precision and accuracy performance of a two‐step approach for optimizing lens formula constants (FC) with a refractive offset correction (RO) as a second tuning parameter.
Methods:
Using IOLMaster 700 biometric data from 4 datasets (886/613/821/467 eyes treated with the Hoya Vivinex/Johnson&Johnson ZCB00/Alcon SA60AT/Bausch&Lomb MX60 lens), and the power of the implanted lens and postoperative spherical equivalent refraction, FC and RO were optimized for SRKT, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, and Haigis formulae using an iterative nonlinear optimization for RMSPE and sequentially according to Gatinel, optimizing first FC for standard deviation prediction error (SDPE) and then RO by the resulting mean prediction error.
Results:
The simple two‐step approach yielded comparable results for the FC and RO for all four formulae and datasets under test. The differences in the formula prediction error were commonly in the third decimals comparing both optimization strategies without clinical relevance. Direct optimization of the FC for SDPE showed large offsets in the formula constant for all datasets and especially for the Hoffer Q and Haigis formulae, resulting in systematic refractive offset values in the formula prediction.
Conclusions:
This simple two‐step approach using FC with a second tuning parameter performs excellently for the four formulae and four datasets under test and allows for both reducing the scatter and zeroing the refractive offset. Multicentric studies with other populations and biometers are required to further investigate the clinical applicability
A bagging ensemble machine learning method for imbalanced data to predict anxiety disorders and analyze risk factors in older people: An observational study
No full textAnxiety disorders rank among the most prevalent mental health problems. Older people are more susceptible to anxiety disorders due to factors such as chronic illness and health conditions, financial insecurity, social isolation and loneliness. The high risk and prevalence of anxiety disorders underscore the need for effective mental healthcare. Artificial intelligence has gained popularity in the diagnosis and prediction of medical conditions and diseases, including mental health problems. In this study we developed an adapted bagging ensemble machine learning system that can be used for the diagnosis and prediction of anxiety disorders and can address the challenges posed by extremely imbalanced data from the Trinity-Ulster-Department of Agriculture (TUDA) study. Statistical techniques are used to identify the risk factors for anxiety disorders. Feature selection and feature engineering were conducted based on the analysis of biomarker risk factors. We constructed balanced subsets in the training dataset, and built weak learner models in parallel for each of the constructed balanced subsets. During the testing phase, a held-out test set was used to assess the system’s performance by passing through all the sub-models, concatenating the prediction results of all sub-models, and making a final prediction through voting based on a decision threshold. Five machine learning methods have been used in the developed system to build weak learner sub-models, yielding promising prediction results. Some risk factors were identified. These findings will benefit the early prediction of anxiety disorders in our future studies
Students’ use of digital technologies to support emotion regulation when learning online
No full textEffective emotion regulation is essential for successful learning experiences in higher education. However, limited research has examined how university students manage their emotions in online learning settings. In particular, the role of digital technologies in supporting online students’ emotion regulation remains largely underexplored. This paper addresses this gap by investigating how undergraduate students use digital technologies to regulate their emotions when studying online. Data was gathered from survey responses of 92 undergraduate students in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics faculty at The Open University UK. Specifically, three survey questions explored the frequency of digital technology use for emotion regulation, the specific tools employed, and examples of how these technologies support emotion regulation during online study. Findings indicate that many students use digital technologies to manage their emotions while studying online. A diverse range of technologies are utilised, including music and video streaming platforms, online games, meditation apps, and social media. This paper provides an initial exploration of digital emotion regulation among online learners, offering valuable insights for educators and learning designers aiming to create more emotionally supportive online learning environments
Devotion: a poetic inquiry into affective infrastructure
No full textThis poem and commentary explore how small, habitual gestures – such as a child waving at a rusted pipe on the walk to school – can constitute a form of affective infrastructure. Through a combination of poetry and critical commentary, it traces how everyday acts of noticing, repetition and relational attention shape our emotional experience of urban space. Drawing on recent work in emotional and affective geographies, the piece argues that such gestures are not trivial but infrastructural: they stabilise attachments, generate meaning and cultivate a form of urban care. The poem operates not as an illustration of theory but as a mode of inquiry in its own right, foregrounding embodied, situated knowledge that resists abstraction. The commentary situates this poetic practice within broader debates around creative methods, affect and the micrologics of the city, making the case for devotion – both as theme and as method – as a form of geographic understanding
‘It's Skin Cancer’… a Rollercoaster of a Journey for Teenagers, Young People and Their Significant Other
No full textAim: To explore the lived experience of young people aged 16–24 years diagnosed with melanoma and that of their significant other in England. Design: Interpretive phenomenological analysis.
Methods: Data were collected between August 2023 and January 2024 from one specialist cancer centre in England. Thirteen young people were approached, and 10 took part. Each young person was asked to nominate a significant other. Five nominated a significant other, and five nominated no one. Although interviews were offered face‐to‐face, virtual was the preferred method. In‐depth semi‐structured interviews were audio‐recorded with the participant's consent. Interview data were transcribed verbatim and analysed.
Findings: The core conceptual thread woven throughout the findings was ‘It's like being on a rollercoaster,’ which is representative of the ups and downs of the treatment trajectory, often without the support of age‐appropriate specialist care. Four superordinate themes were identified: ‘Is something wrong?’, ‘Suddenly it's serious’, ‘Out on a limb’ and ‘Finding our place’.
Conclusion: Although most young people were treated in a primary treatment centre for adults with cancer, their experience was challenging from route to diagnosis through their treatment and beyond. Few received age‐appropriate care to support their physical, emotional, and social wellbeing to help them navigate the experience.
Impact: There is limited evidence exploring the experiences of teenagers and young adults living with melanoma or that of their significant other. This enriched understanding supports improvement of the care pathway and service delivery for these young people and their families.
Patient and Public Involvement: One young person with lived experience was paid as a consultant to be part of the research team. He helped develop the grant application and research questions, data analysis, and writing this paper
Ubuntu and Environmental Security in Africa
No full textThis chapter examines the profound interconnection between the Ubuntu worldview and pressing environmental security issues in Africa and beyond. The Ubuntu worldview emphasises the interconnectedness of humanity and the environment. In the face of escalating environmental challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and resource depletion, this chapter examines how embracing Ubuntu can offer sustainable solutions for environmental security in Africa. Through an autoethnographic account, the chapter explores how traditional wisdom, passed down through oral history, promoted harmony with nature and constantly reminded people of their role as custodians of the environment. The chapter illustrates how Ubuntu can guide policies and practices toward environmental sustainability by highlighting the importance of community involvement, environmental education, and holistic conservation strategies.
Furthermore, the chapter discusses the role of Ubuntu in shaping ethical environmental policies, promoting social equity, and fostering international collaborations for environmental conservation in Africa. It emphasises the need for a paradigm shift in addressing environmental challenges, moving from conventional top-down approaches to inclusive, community-driven efforts that align with Ubuntu principles. By recognising the intrinsic value of all life forms and embracing the spirit of interconnectedness, Africa can pave the way for a more secure and sustainable environmental future for the continent and the world. This chapter contributes to the ongoing discourse on environmental security by presenting Ubuntu as a valuable ethical framework that offers profound insights and practical solutions, encouraging people to rethink their relationship with nature and advocate for a more sustainable and harmonious coexistence between humanity and the environment in Africa and worldwide