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Sustainable HRM in International Business: A Research Agenda for Inequality and the SDGs
No full textThis perspective article addresses the grand challenge of reducing inequalities—aligned with Sustainable Development Goal 10 (SDG10; Reduced Inequalities)—in the context of multinational corporations (MNCs), positioning it as a critical research agenda for sustainable human resource management (S‐HRM) in international business (IB). Adopting a perspective‐based research design, it integrates a narrative integrative review, conceptual mapping, and problem‐focused and theory‐informed reasoning across a century‐long timeframe (1925–2024) to interrogate the underexplored S‐HRM–inequality nexus in IB. The analysis highlights that—despite growing global attention to inequality from governments, regulatory bodies, and business communities—this issue remains largely overlooked in the S‐HRM and IB literature, where it is often subsumed under the generic concept of “social sustainability,” thereby limiting both conceptual clarity and practical impact. If S‐HRM research is to remain at the forefront of global business scholarship, it cannot disregard the pressing challenge of inequality reduction. This article makes three contributions: (1) it identifies the conceptual boundaries of inequality within S‐HRM in IB, distinguishing it from traditional CSR and exposing overlooked theoretical and empirical blind spots; (2) it delineates major theoretical, empirical and methodological gaps; and (3) it advances a structured, forward‐looking research agenda that spans diverse institutional contexts, types of inequality, and theoretical lenses. By linking early legal and normative commitments to inequality eradication with contemporary organizational practices, the article builds a comprehensive foundation for advancing S‐HRM scholarship capable of addressing SDG 10 as both a moral imperative and a strategic necessity in global business. It calls on policymakers and international regulatory bodies to encourage MNCs to embed inequality‐reduction objectives into S‐HRM strategies, making SDG 10 a core element of corporate accountability frameworks to promote equitable socio‐economic outcomes in both host and home countries. Ultimately, this article extends the S‐HRM literature in IB, outlines practical and theoretical pathways for addressing the grand challenge of inequality, and establishes common ground between S‐HRM and inequality research by presenting a robust research agenda to advance knowledge in both domains
Integrating Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in Management Education: An Empathy Framework
No full textAre future managers well equipped to drive the transformation towards more inclusive and just societies? This paper presents the perspectives of business school students on integrating diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) principles into management education. We engage students as participants, co‐researchers and consultants in a student voice‐informed, multi‐method qualitative study taking place in the United Kingdom (East and West Midlands, South East and West and North regions) and in the United States (Midwest region), focusing on marketing as a case discipline. Findings illuminate student critiques of the prevalent normative coverage of DEI, to the detriment of applied knowledge and action‐oriented learning. We draw on the concept of empathy as a foundational lens for understanding and conceptualizing student expectations and develop a theoretical framework for holistically integrating DEI into management education. Our framework offers a theoretical understanding of shortcomings in current DEI learning in business schools and advances empathy as integral to both DEI and responsible management education. It proposes a novel direction for pedagogical innovations addressing social justice broadly and DEI specifically and showcases the value of student‐voice‐informed methodologies in education research for curriculum change
James Mackay
No full textJames Mackay, who was Lord Chancellor in Thatcher’s third term, was an incidental Thatcherite; that is to say, the extent to which his work in office was consistent with Thatcherism was primarily due to other aspects of his character, beliefs and experience rather than an ideological commitment to the Thatcher project. Mackay’s incidental Thatcherism comprises two strands: his Christian faith and his training and experience as an advocate and judge. The former was manifested through his social and moral conservatism (the neoconservative element of Thatcherism), with the latter being expressed through his support for neoliberal policies whilst in charge of the Lord Chancellor’s Department. Mackay was certainly ‘more judge first and politician second’, and it is argued here that he approached his political role like his judicial one: his duty was to interpret and apply the law or policy in line with established principles and not to pursue his own political ambitions
“She is pretty and sparkly; he is a good teacher” Is it the teacher or their gender that counts? England case study
No full textEngland's case study is presented in a progressive societal context that seeks to achieve gender parity, though it acknowledges some cultural and financial disparities. This chapter explores children aged 4–5 years and their perspectives of teachers as they begin their educational journey within the reception class. The setting of a primary school situated in a dense urban area in central England supported a higher-than-average population of ethnic minority children. It was larger than a typical primary school in England, which presented challenges and opportunities in navigating over 40 languages and associated cultural differences. Drawing helped emphasize the child's voice, and interviews with teachers helped contextualize this voice. In the study, it was observed that children tended to describe their female teachers as nurturing and caring, while their male teachers were seen as sporty and strict. However, upon closer observation, both male and female teachers were found to exhibit similar levels of care and nurturing towards all the children
Enhancing the aqueous solubility of hemin at physiological pH through encapsulation within polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofibres
No full textIron deficiency anaemia is a widespread global nutritional disorder, affecting almost a quarter of the global population and contributing to impaired cognitive development, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and weakened immune function. Despite its prevalence, oral iron supplementation remains problematic due to the poor solubility and low bioavailability of ferric supplements, coupled with the frequently experienced gastrointestinal side effects associated with ferrous iron salt supplements. Hemin, a chloride-ligated ferric analogue of heme, presents a potentially safer alternative. However, its poor solubility at neutral pH limits its practical application in oral supplementation. Here, we aimed to develop a novel formulation for hemin using electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanofibres, as a platform to enhance the aqueous solubility of hemin and thereby improve its bioavailability. Hemin at various concentrations was successfully encapsulated within PVP nanofibres. The nanofibres were characterised for their morphology, physicochemical properties, encapsulation efficiency and dissolution properties. Notably, the nanofibres dissolved rapidly in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4), forming hemin–PVP nanoparticles (10–80 nm in diameter) and larger aggregates (200–2000 nm in diameter) that maintained hemin in a soluble form. This approach achieved a total solubilised hemin concentration of 273 µM, representing an approximately 200-fold enhancement in solubility. These findings highlight the potential of electrospun hemin–PVP nanofibres as a promising component of an oral iron supplement, offering enhanced solubility and the potential of improved bioavailability for cellular uptake
Prospects for hydrogen energy and its production in India
No full textThis chapter examines potential Indian hydrogen energy development on three timescales: near-present, 2050, and 2070. The Net-Zero policy target date for much of the world is 2050, but for India it is 2070. The chapter presents hydrogen in India today. The chapter considers hydrogen manufacture, its uses, and the role of industrial clusters. Prospects for emerging hydrogen demand are assessed on each time horizon. Current and future hydrogen production approaches are described and linked to considerations of distribution. It gives much emphasis to the role of innovation, both globally and specifically within India, emphasizing the importance, and promise, of active Indian research into low carbon hydrogen production. The chapter observes that quite properly the development of a hydrogen economy in India could have a different set of working assumptions and industrial synergies than will be seen in the richest countries of the world. The extended time line and the economic and social realities of India bring particular trade-off considerations and these realities should permit a wider range of industrial approaches including, through the transition, fossil fuel related options. If the world is to decarbonize then India must decarbonize. A hydrogen economy is attractive to India and hence India can be expected to play a world-leading role in developing important technologies of wider utility
Reproductive Justice for Women and Girls with Learning Disabilities across the Life-course
No full textThe impact of painful sexual and reproductive health procedures: Lived experiences and priorities for change
No full textIntroduction
Physical pain is known to be a common feature of sexual and reproductive healthcare (SRH) encounters for women and other people with a uterus. Our aim was to understand experiences of painful procedures in SRH care and to identify priorities for change.
Methods
In January 2025, we conducted an online qualitative survey of people with lived experience of painful SRH procedures. Focused coding and thematic data analysis was supported by Nvivo 14.
Results
Analysis of the 149 qualitative responses highlighted four key thematic areas: how painful procedures felt at the time; how they made participants feel in the longer term; the impact on decisions around future procedures; and what, from participants’ perspectives, could be done differently. Our results illustrate the impacts of pain in the short and longer term, as well as ways in which painful experiences can shape future engagement with SRH care. Specifically, they highlight the distress, fear and distrust of health professionals and services which these experiences can generate.
Conclusions
While best practice guidance exists for some potentially painful SRH procedures, women and other people with a uterus in the UK continue to report highly negative experiences. Trauma-informed approaches – recognising the role of past experiences and supporting compassionate, respectful patient interactions – could improve training and awareness among health professionals, and broader shifts in attitudes and practice.
Keywords
Procedure pain, hysteroscopy, abortion, cervical screening, intra-uterine device (IUD), assisted conception, trauma-informed care
Key messages:
What is already known on this topic: Pain in SRH procedures is a known issue and, despite existing guidelines, highly negative experiences persist.
What this study adds: Our findings highlight short- and long-term impacts of painful procedures, including enduring fear of mistrust of SRH services which deterred future care; and that patients would value improved expectation-setting, pain-affirming communication, and better analgesia options.
How this study might affect research, practice or policy: Our analysis suggests that broader embedding of trauma-informed approaches could enhance training, attitudes, service organisation and practice
Sound propagation over periodically grooved convex surfaces
No full textA numerical Boundary Element Method is used to investigate the propagation of cylindrical sound waves over rigid, grooved, convex surfaces at audio-frequencies. Laboratory measurements with broadband excitation and corresponding predictions reveal peaks in excess attenuation spectra. With short pulse excitation, measurements and predictions show delayed signals or “tails” following the main pulse arrivals. The spectral content of these tails corresponds to the peaks on the excess attenuation spectra and can be attributed to organ pipe (or quarter wavelength) resonance in the grooves. Predictions of the two-dimensional distribution of sound at the frequencies of these peaks show that the pressure field is restricted to a thin layer above the curved grooved surface, indicative of a surface wave which is eliminated by a very high finite impedance
The scientific works of professor Keith Attenborough
No full textProf. Attenborough’s distinguished career spans over five decades during which he has made seminal contributions to the field of physical acoustics. His extensive research encompasses acoustic propagation in and above porous media, acoustic penetration into rigid frame and poro-elastic materials, and environmental noise control. This article celebrates his work highlighting its foundational basis, scientific impact, and practical applications