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Effets de la Duree de Presence au Paturage sur le Comportement Alimentaire D\u27ovins en Crau
Get PDFEn elevage ovin, ii existe de nombreuses situations dans lesquelles !es brebis passent la nuit en bergerie et ne sortent que 8 heures par jour au paturage, avec ou sans gardiennage. Est-ce suffisant pour satisfaire !es besoins des brebis ? L\u27 o bjet de cette etude est de determiner dans quelle mesure cette pratique modifie le comportement alimentaire et le niveau d\u27ingestion des brebis par rapport a des animaux en liberte pouvant regler euxmemes leurs moments d\u27ingestion
The Use of Fertilizer Nitrogen and Increased Animals Production from New Zealand Hill Pastures
Get PDFIn New Zealand hill pastures, winter and early spring growth is often less than the maintenance of breeding ewes. In late spring and summer, pasture growth often exceeds requirements leading to pasture quality problems. It is usually uneconomic to overcome these problems by conservation, supplementary feeding or adjustement of animal numbers. An increased herbage accumulation in late winter as a result of fertiliser N application, should increase post-lambing ewe liveweights and hence lamb growth rates ; increase ewe mating weights and hence improve flock prolificacy with consequent improvements in the utilisation of summer pasture. Two experiments examined the effect of N fertiliser application rates at constant or differential stocking rates
Study of a Strategy to Intensify Sheep Production Systems with Merino Ewes Grazing Mediterranean Natural Pastures
Get PDFIn chilean arid and semiarid mediterranean ranges with a rainfall of 250 to 600 mm mainly during fall and winter and with a drought period of six to seven months per year natural pasture develops being the main forage source for sheep production. Productivity level is based on a 70-75 lambing percentage and 0.8-0.9 lambs/ewe/year, equivalent to 25-30 kg/ha/yr (at a stocking rate of 1 ewe/ha/yr). The first objective of this research was to quantify the reproductive and productive potential of Precocius Merino ewes, under intensive system with mating every eight months. The second objective was to study the performance of lambs weaned at different ages and under different nutritional and feeding systems
Grassland Farming Systems in South China
Get PDFSouth China lies between 15° and 30° northern latitude and 100° -125° eastern longitude in the subtropical zone. It is the chief grain or economic crops growing area of China. Most farmers are not accustomed to forage crop cultivation. Animal husbandry is limited owing to fodder problems. Since 1972-1974 and 1981-1987, the research works on grassland farming systems have been carried out in order to develop a suitable grassland agriculture in South China
Dairy Farming System on the West Slope Area of Mt. Fuji with Reference to Pasture Utilization
Get PDFAt the 15th International Grassland Congress held in 1985, the author presented a paper on the production and utilization of pasture and forage crops and land development programs currently in effect on the west slope of Mt. Fuji. Import of large amounts of concentrate and roughages from foreign countries was pointed out as a major problem. In the present study, farming was surveyed and analyzed to determine how dairy farming should best be conducted in the future. Particular attention is directed to pasture productivity and feed self-supply expressed in terms of UTDN for the conduct of farm business
Fonctions et Usages des Resources Herbacees: Un Exemple Dans Les Prealpes du Sud (France)
Get PDFL\u27observation de la mobilisation des ressources vegetales dans !es elevages ovins des Prealpes du sud ( 600-1000 m), associant prairies et parcours, conduit a constater la diversite des pratiques des agriculteurs ; nous illustrons nos reflexions a partir de l\u27etude de !\u27utilisation des prairies temporaires dans trois exploitations caracteristiques (1, 2 et 3) ayant respectivement des troupeaux de 320, 165 et 250 brebis. La surface en terre labourable et prairie permanente (37, 39 et 40 ha) est peu differente d\u27une exploitation a l\u27autre, mais !es exploitations 1 et 3 sont quasi specialisees en elevage alors que la 2 produit aussi des cereales. Le territoire des exploitations est complete par d\u27importantes surfaces de parcours (270, 140 et 220 ha) dont la maitrise fonciere n\u27est pas totale. Les surfaces fournissent l\u27essentiel de l\u27alimentation des troupeaux, !es aliments du commerce n\u27intervenant que pour l\u27engraissement des agneaux. La base fourragere est done contrastee au sein des exploitations (parcours et cultures) mais aussi entre exploitations (proportion des types de surface)
Elements Pour une Strategie D\u27Amenagement et de Gestion: Exemple de la Problematique Pastorale du Ferlo Senegalais (Sahel)
Get PDFLa communaute rurale de Labgar, au nord du departement de Linguere, couvre 70 000 hectares. Trois ethnies coexistent au sein de cette communaute: !es Maures qui vivaient de la chasse et ne pratiquent plus que l\u27elevage; !es Ouolofs qui pratiquent principalement !\u27agriculture et accessoirement l\u27elevage; !es Peulhs qui constituent la majorite de la population et vivent essentiellement de l\u27elevage. Ces populations vivent dans une region ecologique « marginale » particulierement vulnerable: deficits de pluies frequents; potentiels fourragers, agricoles et hydriques fluctuants, contraintes multiples affectant !es populations humaines, le cheptel et la vegetation. De nombreuses enquetes socio-economiques ont ete menees aupres de ces populations, qui soulignent les contraintes suivantes : - manque d\u27eau, pour l\u27alimentation humaine, animate et pour !es productions vegetales ; - crise alimentaire chronique pour !es hommes (cereales) et les animaux (paturages naturels, complements
The Grassland Vegetation Structure, Productivity and its Dynamics of Ningxia
Get PDFThe Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is situated in the semi-arid areas of northwest China, with an elevation of 1 100 m-2 200 m. The annual mean temperature is 7-9°C, the annual mean precipitation and evaporation are 118-660 mm and 1 400-2 400 mm respectively and the total hours of sunshine is 2 200-3 100 in a year (Guo Sijia et al., 1985). As Ningxia is located in the transitional section from semi-humid to semi-arid areas, there are multivarious types of native grassland in the region, but the zonal grasslands types are the steppe, desert-steppe and desert. During 1982-1986, observation stations were established in the typical sectors of different types of grassland to study their vegetation structure, productivity, regrowth ability and seasonal trends. The relationships between the productivity of grasslands and the climatic factors were analyzed by the method of regression. The possibility of forecasting the grassland productivity according to the climatic index was also discussed. These studies provided valuable information for the study of the vegetation structure productivity and its dynamics and also provided theoretical basis for the rational management and utilization of the semi-arid grassland in the similar regions
A Preliminary Study on the Relationships Between Biomass and Environmental Factors in Natural Grassland in Hulunbeir
Get PDFThe seasonal dynamic state of the above ground biomass (or herbage mass) of four main types of natural grassland were studied in Hulunbeir grassland. The four types were meadow steppe, Aneurolepidium chinense + Stipa grandis steppe, Aneurolepidium chinense steppe and tussock - small semi - shrubs steppe. The results of the research show that the herbage mass of all four types have strong positive correlations with the monthly accumulated temperature, mean temperature, and precipitation of the preceding month. Water is a major limiting factor to primary production in Hulunbeir grassland. This paper reports on the relationship between seasonal state of above ground herbage mass and the main environmental factors affecting natural grassland in Hulunbeir
The Influence of Environment and Fertilizers on the Yield and Floristic Composition of Grasslands in Serbia
Get PDFNatural grasslands in Yugoslavia cover about 6.400.000 ha or 44,5 % of agricultural lands ; in Serbia 1.650.000 ha and 28,5 % respectively. Livestock feeding in lowlands is based on food which gained from p!oughlands (maize, lucerne, red clover, etc.) while in mountainous regions it is gained from grasslands. The aim of this investigation is to find out the possibilities of production and floristic changes of natural grasslands in dependence of mineral fertilizers in ecological conditions of Serbia (in the east of Yugoslavia)