Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
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Effect of thickening agent and foaming agent on the microarchitecture and deformation response of closed cell\ud aluminum foam.
No full textClosed cell aluminum foam was synthesized using different types of thickening agents. The effect of temperature,%foaming agent,%thickening agent and the type of thickening agent were varied in order to examine the influence of these parameters on the foam architecture\ud
and deformation behaviour. Attempts were also made to make a foam without using any thickening agent and the characteristics of these foams have been compared with the other foams which are made with the use of the thickening agent. It was observed that 0.6 wt.% calcium hydride was sufficient for foaming of aluminum and the relative density of aluminum foam did affected only marginally with an increase in calcium hydride beyond 0.6 wt.%. The increase in\ud
melt temperature decreases the relative density of aluminum foam. The relative density of aluminum foam, however, remained invariant to the % thickening agent. On the other hand the relative density of aluminum foam was found to be varied with the type of thickening agent. It was further observed that 10wt% silicon carbide could be the optimum amount as thickening agent considering the relative density and deformation response. Deformation response was\ud
found to be varying with the type of thickening agent. It was further noted that aluminum foam could be made without using any thickening agent
Die Profile Design for Tube Extrusion and its Experimental Verification.
No full textIn this study, experimental verification of a proposed extrusion die profile design approach, which aims to satisfy microstructural criteria at maximum production speed and\ud
minimum left out material in the die cavity, is presented. The design problem is formulated as a nonlinear programming problem, which is solved using genetic algorithm (GA).\ud
Selection of the processing parameters is carried out using dynamic material modeling (DMM). Microstructural study reveals considerable grain refinement in the extruded tube.\ud
Keywords: dynamic recrystallization, die profile, microstructure, processing parameters, extrusion, genetic algorithms
The Stretch, Limit and Path Forward for Particle Rein-forced Metal Matrix Composites of 7075 Al-Alloys.
No full textAl-based metal matrix composites [MMCs] have been the research interest of a wide spectrum of material scientists throughout the world for some over two decades now. The present paper has chosen one alloy sys-tem namely the 7xxx series and from an extensive literature review concluded that since the beginning of the new millennium nothing note worthy has been added to the knowledge already gained in the last quarter of the last century except confirm the earlier findings that MMCs if properly fabricated by choosing the proc-essing route and with appropriate size and volume fraction of dispersoids can improve most of the mechani-cal, corrosion and wear resistant properties of the base alloy. The author’s own research activities using this alloy system for making MMCs that include attempts to improve upon the properties by making composites, ageing and also secondary processing have been included. An attempt has been made to establish the stretch to which improvement is possible in the alloy system by making composites and trying all other routes known for meaningful improvement in properties. Further, the way forward for such particulate composites has been drawn to realise the material scientists’ dream of seeing such MMCs as engineering components. For this, the areas which now need research include mass production of composites, focus on its machining, joining, processing as also reduction in the size of dispersoids are some of the areas that have been identified and discussed in the paper
Effect of extrusion on properties of Al-based composite
No full textAn aluminium alloy and its composite with dispersed SiC particles made by liquid metallurgy route were extruded under optimized conditions. The properties were characterized in terms of microstructure, hardness and sliding wear behaviour and then compared between the extruded and cast alloys and composites, in order to understand the benefits of composite and extrusion on the\ud
alloy. It was observed that composites drastically increased the hardness and the extruded composites further increased this value. The advantage of composites was realized in sliding wear test
Uptake Capacity of ZN2+ by Natural Vietnamese Basalt and Their Application for Wastewater Treatment
Full text linkThe Influence of Lead Suspension in Oil Lubricant on the Sliding Wear Behaviour of Cast Iron
Full text linkThis investigation pertains to the analysis of the sliding wear response of a cast iron over a range of applied pressures in the presence of an oil lubricant. The effect of varying concentrations of lead particles suspended in the oil lubricant on the wear behaviour of the cast iron was also examined. The wear rate increased with pressure initially at a lower rate followed by a higher rate of increase beyond a specific pressure. Furthermore, the presence of suspended lead particles up to a specific concentration in the oil proved beneficial while the trend reversed at still higher concentrations. The extent of frictional heating increased with test duration at a high rate in the beginning of the tests. This was followed by a reduced rate of temperature increase at longer test durations. In some cases, the rate of temperature rise increased once again while it reduced in one case towards the end of the tests. The severity and extent of frictional heating also increased with pressure. Lead addition to the oil lubricant up to a specific concentration led to a reduced degree of heating while the trend reversed at still higher lead contents. Specimen seizure caused significantly high wear rate and frictional heating. The observed wear response of the samples has been explained in terms of specific characteristics like cracking tendency and lubricating and load bearing capacity of various microconstituents of the specimen material. Another important factor of concern affecting wear characteristics was observed to be lubricating film formation and its stability during sliding. The wear behaviour has also been substantiated through the characteristics of wear surfaces and subsurface regions
Influence of talc concentration in oil lubricant on the wear\ud response of a bronze journal bearing.\ud
No full textThis study pertains to the examination of the effects of dispersing talc particles in an oil lubricant towards\ud
controlling the sliding wear characteristics of a journal bearing (bush) fabricated using a leaded-tin bronze. Influence of the content of the suspended mass in the oil and applied load on the wear behavior was also investigated. Properties evaluated were wear loss, frictional heating and friction coefficient. Addition of talc particles to the oil lubricant decreased the wear loss, frictional heating and friction coefficient while the applied load produced a reverse effect. Further, increasing content of talc up to 3–5% led to a decrease in the observed properties; the trend reversed at higher concentrations of the suspended mass in the oil. The increasing test duration caused the frictional heating and friction coefficient to increase at a high rate initially. The rate of increase lowered down at longer test durations. The observed wear behavior of the samples has been substantiated through the characteristics of wear surfaces and subsurface regions. The latter also enabled to understand the operating wear mechanisms.\ud
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Immobilization of monoamine oxidase on eggshell membrane\ud and its application in designing an amperometric biosensor\ud for dopamine.
No full textAn amperometric biosensor for dopamine is described. It is based on the enzyme monoamine oxidase immobilized on a glutaraldehyde-activated eggshell membrane that was deposited on a glassy carbon electrode. The Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) is 0.087 mM. Optimum pH and temperature conditions were obtained at pH 7.0 and 37 °C, respectively. The sensor showed a detection limit of 20 μM, a linear range from 50 μM to 250 μM, and a storage stability of ~25 days. In order to further improve the performance, a Nafion coating was applied on the electrode surface which gave favorable results with respect to shelf life of the enzyme (~40 days), the limit of detection, and the selectivity over ascorbic acid and uric acid
Analysis of Mechanical, Thermal, and Dynamic Mechanical Behaviors of Different Polymer-Coated Sisal Fibers.
No full textCharacterization and Use of Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic Waste Powder as Filler in Styrene-Butadiene Rubber
No full textGlass fibre reinforced plastic (GRP) wastes are often disposed of in landfill, \ud
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incinerated or processed into powders. GRP waste powders can be recycled as filler in \ud
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virgin polymers and should be characterised before they are added to avoid processing \ud
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problems. A GRP waste powder was characterised using advanced measuring and \ud
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analytical techniques. These included, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier \ud
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transform infrared spectrometry, particle size analyser, differential scanning \ud
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calorimetry, X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray \ud
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microanalyser. The results showed that the waste powder consisted of irregular \ud
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shaped particles and glass fibre fragments up to 700 m in size. Moreover, the waste \ud
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powder was a thermoset polyester resin and its chemical constituents were calcium, \ud
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oxygen, aluminium, silica, chlorine, bromine and carbon. When up to 25 parts per \ud
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hundred rubber by weight of the GRP waste powder was mixed with a sulphur cure-\ud
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based styrene-butadiene rubber, the viscosity, scorch and optimum cure times \ud
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increased, and the rate of cure decreased. The tearing energy, elongation at break, \ud
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tensile strength, stored energy density at break, and Young’s modulus of the \ud
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vulcanisate improved as the loading of the waste powder was raised