Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
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Adsorption Models for Sorption of Lead and Zinc on Françoise Mineral.
No full textSorption isotherms were constructed for the sorption of Cu, Pb and Zn by the surface horizons of three soils [a Humic Cambisol (G1), a Haplic Podzol (G2) and an Umbric Gleysol (G3)] and by fractions obtained by sequential removal of organic matter and oxides. All were of L-type except the H-type isotherms recorded for sorption of lead by whole G2, and all were fitted well by the Langmuir model, with determination coefficients > 0.91. Langmuir equation parameter beta correlated well (r(2) = 0.985) with experimentally maximum sorption capacity. For all soils, metal sorption capacities decreased in the order Zn > Cu > Pb. Sorption by organic matter was one of the main contributions to total sorption. Sorption by oxides was generally most substantial in G1, which had the largest total oxides content, while the sorption of lead by G3 was attributable to its high Mn oxides content. The clayey residue contributed significantly to sorption of zinc by G1, and G3 (due to their respective vermiculite and gibbsite contents) and to sorption of copper by G1 due to its vermiculite content
Abrasive Wear Characteristics of a Zinc-Based Alloy and Zinc-Alloy/ SiC Composite
No full textAn attempt has been made in this investigation to assess the contribution of various parameters towards governing the abrasive wear response of a zinc-based alloy under the conditions of varying applied loads and sliding distances. The factors whose contribution has been examined include deterioration in the cutting efficiency of the abrasive medium, role played by the SiC particles (dispersed in the alloy matrix) in terms of their degradation and resistance offered by them against the destructive action of the abrasive, subsurface hardening of the matrix and such other related aspects. Four types of abrasion tests were conducted on the samples to achieve the goal. The (abrasion)\ud
tests involved the use of (i) fresh as well as preworn surfaces of the samples and (ii) fresh and degraded abrasive media in four different combinations. The study suggests that the mentioned factors contribute to a varying degree towards controlling the (high-stress) abrasive wear behaviour of the specimens. However, degradation in the cutting efficiency of the abrasive medium (through capping, clogging, attrition and shelling) dominates over the influence of other parameters such as abrasion induced subsurface hardening of the matrix. Reinforcement of the SiC\ud
particles in the alloy matrix offered improved wear resistance (inverse of wear rate) under less severe conditions such as at low applied loads, wherein the dispersoid (SiC) particles could be retained by the matrix due to low cutting depths made by the abrasive particles. The dispersoid particles deteriorated the wear response of the matrix under more severe conditions of abrasion, such as at high loads, because of larger cutting depths causing fracturing and partial removal of the reinforcement (SiC) particles. The observed wear response of the samples has further been substantiated through the characteristics of wear surfaces, debris particles and abrasive medium after testing the matrix alloy and composite in a typical test condition expected to affect the abrasive medium and test specimens to the largest extent
Influence of Some Test Parameters on Dry Sliding Wear Characteristics of a Zinc-11.5% Aluminium Alloy
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Adsorption Models for Sorption of Lead and Zinc on Francolite\ud Mineral.
No full textThe low-grade (<15% P2O5) carbonate-substituted rock phosphate (francolite) of Jhabua, Madhya Pradesh (India), was investigated as an adsorbent for its possible application in the removal of aqueous lead and zinc from static systems. The effects of temperature on the sorption of lead and zinc ions and the applicability of the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models in each case of lead and zinc adsorption were studied separately at different temperatures. The sorption of the heavy metal ions was found to follow the order Pb2+ > Zn2+. Francolite was found to be\ud
most effective in removing Pb2+, with a lead removal of 82-99.9% and a maximum LRC (lead removal capacity) of 0.018 (g of Pb)/(g of francolite). The adsorption process was found to be exothermic, and the Langmuir adsorption model was found to represent the adsorption data at\ud
different temperatures more suitably
`Adsorption models for sorption of lead and zinc on francolite mineral’ \ud
No full textThe low-grade (<15% P2O5) carbonate-substituted rock phosphate (francolite) of Jhabua, Madhya Pradesh (India), was investigated as an adsorbent for its possible application in the removal of aqueous lead and zinc from static systems. The effects of temperature on the sorption of lead and zinc ions and the applicability of the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models in each case of lead and zinc adsorption were studied separately at different temperatures. The sorption of the heavy metal ions was found to follow the order Pb2+ > Zn2+. Francolite was found to be most effective in removing Pb2+, with a lead removal of 82−99.9% and a maximum LRC (lead removal capacity) of 0.018 (g of Pb)/(g of francolite). The adsorption process was found to be exothermic, and the Langmuir adsorption model was found to represent the adsorption data at different temperatures more suitably
Mahua-Oil Based Resins for the High-Temperature Curing of Fly Ash Coatings.
No full textWe attempted to prepare medium-oil-length glycerol alkyds based on Mahua oil. Fatty acids were isolated from the oil and used in the preparation of alkyds by the fusion method. The resins were characterized by IR spectroscopic analysis. The physicochemical and film properties of these resins were also studied. IR analysis of the resins revealed the formation of phthalate esters showing characteristic peaks at 1720 cm−1. The resin was modified with melamine formaldehyde, which cured at high temperatures. Alternatively, the resin was made to air dry with ester gum, and the curing behavior was studied. The suitability of these resins for high-temperature curing fly ash coating applications was established. Coatings were formulated with these resins and with 40% fly ash as an extender. The coatings were characterized by standard techniques, particularly for their anticorrosive and antiabrasive properties. Resistance to corrosion was evaluated in humidity and in salt-spray conditions. We conducted a high-stress (two-body) abrasion test to test the abrasive wear resistance of the coatings. The Mahua-oil-resin-based fly ash coatings were suitable for application in moderately corrosive and abrasive environments. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 110–120, 200
Cr (VI) removal in acidic aqueous solution using iron-bearing industrial solid wastes and their stabilization with cement.
No full textIn this study, iron-bearing industrial solid wastes iron filings, ETP sludge of steel and red mud of aluminium industries; were used for Cr(VI) removal at pH 3. A complete removal of Cr(VI) was found for initial 10 mg 1(-1) of 100 ml solutions in the presence of 2.5 g iron filings, 8 g ETP sludge and 10 g red mud for up to one hour of shaking at room temperature. After Cr(VI) removal, inclusion of chromium on the reacted iron filing surface was demonstrated by EDAX analysis. Leachability of chromium and iron from the reacted wastes was determined by using Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP). This test showed a very low level of leachability of chromium as Cr(III) and iron from the reacted wastes. To minimise their leachability further, Cr(VI)-reacted solid wastes were stabilised with Portland cement in their 3:1 ratio. Leachability tests of stabilised wastes by TCLP indicated a considerable decrease in leachability of chromium and iron compared with the that of reacted wastes alone. To explore the possibility of utilisation in building materials, bricks of cement-mixed Cr(VI)-reacted wastes were made and their comprehensive strength, durability and leachability under immersion conditions were measured
Dynamic Viscoelastic Properties of Organic / Inorganic Fibres\ud Reinforced lldpe Composites in Molten State
No full textDynamic rheological parameters such as storage modulus, G’, loss modulus, G’’, and dynamic viscosity, h’, at\ud
200°C were studied for Kevlar fibres, glass fibres and their hybrids reinforced linear low density polyethylene\ud
(LLDPE). Parallel plate rheometer was employed for these tests. G’, G’’ and h’ increased with the increased reinforcement\ud
and angular frequency, w. Two sets of reinforcement, 10 and 20 vol.% of fibres are used in LLDPE. The\ud
composition of fibres in hybrid composites was varied. The replacement of glass fibres with Kevlar increases the\ud
values of G’, G’’ and h’. The values of these rheological parameters also increased with the thickness of the composite.\ud
This increase was associated with the decreased average orientation of fibres present in the composite.\ud
The effects of the change in strain amplitude on G’ and G’’ is also studied and reported her
Abrasive wear behavior of zinc-aluminium alloy - 10% Al2O3 composite through factorial design of experiment
No full textTwo body abrasive wear behaviour of a zinc-aluminium alloy - 10% Al2O3 composite was studied at different loads (1–7 N) and abrasive sizes (20–275 μm) as a function of sliding distance and compared with the matrix alloy. The wear rate of the composite and the matrix alloy has been expressed in terms of the applied load, abrasive size and sliding distance using linear factorial design approach. The study suggests that the wear rate of the alloy and composite follow the following relations: Yalloy=0.1334−0.0336x1+0.0907x2+0.0296x1x2+0.0274x2x3−0.0106x3x1 −0.0201x1x2x3Ycomp=0.0726−0.028x1+0.062x2+0.03x3−0.024x1x2+0.028x2x3−0.016x3x1 −0.014x1x2x3 where, x 1, x 2 and x 3 are the coded values of sliding distance, applied load and abrasive size respectively. It has been demonstrated through the above equations that the wear rate increases with applied load and abrasive size but decreases with sliding distance. The interaction effect of the variables exhibited a mixed behaviour towards the wear of the material. It was also noted that the effect of load is less prominent for the composite than the matrix alloy while the trend reversed as far as the influence of the abrasive size is concerned