Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
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Classification studies of lead–zinc ore fines using\ud water-injection cyclone.
No full textClassification studies to recover liberated particles of lead and zinc minerals from a ground lead–zinc ore were carried out using a 100-mm water-injection cyclone. The effects of variables on the performance of water-injection cyclone are discussed. The results indicated that the injection water rate has a complex interaction with the other variables like spigot opening, feed inlet pressure, and vortex finder opening. A set of empirical equations for slurry throughput, corrected cyclone cut size, minimum distribution point, and reduced efficiency numbers was developed for predicting the performance of water-injection cyclone. Finally, the results obtained in water-injection cyclone are compared with the data obtained on a similar diameter (100 mm) hydrocyclone
Application of Neural Network in Sheet Metal Bending Process.
No full textThe sheet metal bending is an important form of sheet metal forming process, widely used\ud
in various industrial applications like aircraft, automobiles, household items, power industries,\ud
etc. This study predicts the responses of the sheet metal bending process using artificial neural\ud
network. Based on44 cases analysedusing finite element method, a neural network was trained.\ud
Sheet thickness and die radius were the input, and stresses, strains, springback, loads, etc were\ud
the output for the neural network. The trained neural network was tested for five new patterns.\ud
It was found that most ofthe results were quite close to the simulation results. Such a technique\ud
of response prediction helps in reducing the, computational time
Sliding Wear Response of a Zinc-Based Alloy and Its Composite and Comparison with a Gray Cast Iron: Influence of External Lubrication and Microstructural Features
No full textThe role played by an external lubricant and features of various material microconstituents towards controlling the wear behaviour of a zinc-based alloy reinforced with silicon carbide particles has been studied under varying load conditions, in this investigation. Testing the zinc-based matrix alloy under identical conditions enabled to assess the effect of the reinforcement particles on the wear characteristics of the alloy. The wear response of the samples was compared with that of a gray cast iron. In order to study the influence of the external lubricant,\ud
dry wear tests were also conducted on the materials.\ud
The study shows that the reinforcement of SiC particles substantially affected the wear response of the zinc-based alloy. The applied load and test duration influenced the wear characteristics of the samples in a mixed manner. The oil lubricant considerably improved the wear behaviour in terms of decreased wear rate, friction coefficient and frictional heating. The lubricant also narrowed down the difference in the wear performance of the zinc-based matrix alloy, composite and cast iron. In other words, the oil lubricant suppressed the effect of microstructural features of the samples on wear behaviour. Typical wear response under specific wear conditions has been discussed in terms of load bearing, lubricating and cracking characteristics\ud
of various microconstituents of samples and the effectiveness of oil lubricant to suppress the role played by the phases. The features of wear surfaces, subsurface regions and debris particles could further substantiate the observed wear response of the samples
Separation of lead ions from aqueous solutions by adsorption at talc surface.
No full textSeparation of lead ions from aqueous solutions containing 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 ppm lead was studied by adsorption at the surface of talc mineral of Indian origin. The effect of temperature (20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70oC) on adsorption phenomena was studied and the data was analyzed using Langmuir isotherm. The changes in enthalpy (H), free energy (G) and entropy (S) were evaluated. The negative values of G and H indicate the adsorption of lead ions on talc surface to be spontaneous and exothermic under the experimental conditions
Si-C particulate dispersed composite of am AlZn-Mg-Cu alloy: Property comparison With parent alloy.
No full textComposites have been formed by adding 15 wt.% of SiC dispersoids in the size range of 20–40 μm to Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy (corresponding to the 7075 series). The 7075 aluminium alloy and composites have been subjected to heat treatment in an attempt to optimize their properties. The present paper reports the improvement in the hardness, mechanical and sliding wear resistance properties attained as a result of heat treatment and forming composites. An attempt is made in the paper to understand the mechanism responsible for the improved behaviour of the 7075/SiC aluminium composite over the base alloy through microscopic/metallographic analysis
Coal combustion residues—environmental implications and recycling potentials.
No full textTo meet the electric power requirement, the world population is greatly dependent on fossil fuel. Presently in India, about 75% of the total electrical energy (i.e. ∼100,000 MW) is generated from fossil fuel and about 105 million tons of coal combustion residues (CCRs) as solid waste/by-product is being released annually during combustion of pulverised bituminous, sub bituminous, and lignite coal. Indian coal typically has ash content of 30–60%, which results in low calorific value however low in sulphur, radioactive elements and heavy metals content.\ud
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Mostly, the CCRs is being disposed to the ash pond as thin slurry, and more than 65,000 acres of land is occupied in India for storage of this huge quantity of ash which leads ecological and environmental problems. Presently about 27% of the total CCRs produced in India is being recycled and used in various applications. The major utilisation is in cement, concrete, bricks, wood substitute products, soil stabilisation, road base/embankment, and consolidation of ground, land reclamation and for agriculture. In this paper, an attempt has been made to assess the global generation of CCRs, present utilisation and acceptability in Indian context, implications and future potentials to achieve environmental sound management
Elastic-Plastic Fracture Mechanics based Prediction of fracture instability in a circumferentially through-wall cracked pipe in bending Trans.
No full text
Sliding Wear Behaviour of Bronzes under Varying Material Composition, Microstructure and Test Conditions.
No full textSliding wear behaviour of some leaded-tin and aluminium bronzes has been studied over a wide range of applied pressures and speeds using a pin-on-disc machine.Wear rate, frictional heating and surface roughness of the samples were monitored during the tests. The wear response of specimens has been correlated with the features of their wear surfaces, subsurface regions and debris particles, and explained in terms of varying elemental concentrations and specific characteristics of various microconstituents in terms of thermal stability, cracking and lubricating tendency, and load bearing capability. The study suggests that there is no direct correlation between mechanical properties (like hardness, tensile strength and elongation) and wear response of the samples. Rather the wear behaviour is better understood in terms ofmicrostructural features. Furthermore, irrespective of material composition and microstructure there exists a specific set of test conditions (e.g. load and speed) leading to best wear performance wherein the positive effects of load bearing capability, thermal stability and lubricating tendency of various phases predominate over the negative influence of cracking and vice versa. The study also indicates that mere presence of a (solid) lubricating phase (like lead in\ud
leaded-tin bronzes) does not always ensure improved wear performance of materials and that appropriate sliding conditions are needed to realise the benefits of the lubricating agent in true sense. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
