Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
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Alternative flat coil design for electromagnetic forming using FEM
No full textElectromagnetic forming (EMF) is a high velocity forming process that uses impulse magnetic force. Coil is an important component of EMF system which needs to be designed depending on application. Flat spiral coils are generally used for electromagnetic forming of sheet metals. However, with this type of coil the central portion of the workpiece experiences marginal magnetic force. This leads to in-sufficient deformation at this portion and other problems like air entrapment. In this study, a conceptual design of flat coil was proposed for better distribution of magnetic forces over the workpiece. Comparative analysis of\ud
distribution of magnetic force, magnetic field and current density using the proposed and the existing coil designs were carried out using FEM. The result indicates that the proposed coil design produces comparatively better magnetic force distribution over the workpiece. Calculation of self-inductance of such coils was also carried out and was compared with FE simulatio
Synthesis of nano-structured 3C-SiC by carbothermal reduction of silicon bearing gel and carbon soot
No full textNano-sized 3C-SiC was synthesized using sol–gel method. The silica bearing sol was prepared using fumed silica and alkaline ethylene glycol which on hydrolysis resulted in a gel. The gel was mixed with nano-sized carbon particles (obtained from soot) and heat treated in 1300–1580 °C temperature range. The formation of 3C-SiC began at ~ 1400 °C and at 1580 °C it was observed to be the major phase while small amount of 2H-SiC was also present. The silicon carbide synthesized between 1400 and 1580 °C had particles in 30–50 nm range and crystallite size between 15 and 17 nm
Development of Environment Friendly Hybrid Layered\ud Sisal–Glass–Epoxy Composites
No full textSisal paper has been introduced as a new reinforcement form in natural fibre based polymer composites.\ud
Sisal fibre obtained from Agava sisalana was transformed to pulp with moderate beating to retain sufficient\ud
reinforcing strength in split fibres, and then was converted to handmade paper form. The paper so obtained\ud
was impregnated with epoxy resin, stacked one over the other and subjected to heat and pressure to make\ud
layered composites. Chopped StrandMat (CSM) of glass fibre was introduced in the composite to make high\ud
strength sisal–glass–epoxy composites. Sisal paper epoxy composites achieved 32.5 MPa tensile strength\ud
at 23.7 vol% of sisal paper that was further enhanced to 71.2 MPa by adding 14 vol% of glass CSM in the\ud
hybrid composite. The mechanical properties of hybrid layered sisal–glass–epoxy revealed that sisal paper\ud
can replace 84.5% of glass fibre in a moderate glass reinforcing epoxy composite to obtain an equivalent\ud
range of tensile modulu
Role of schorl’s electrostatic field in discoloration of methyl orange wastewater using schorl as catalyst in the presence of H2O2.
No full textDyeing wastewater containing methyl orange (MO) could be effectively discolored by schorl-catalyzed Fenton-like system. Experimental results indicated that the MO discoloration ratios could be increased by increasing schorl dosage, temperature, initial H2O2 concentration, and by decreasing solution pH. When the raw schorl and the schorl samples sintered at 750°C, 850°C, 950°C and 1050°C were used as catalyst in Fenton-like system, the MO discoloration ratios obtained were 82%, 31%, 30%, 31% and 7%, respectively. XRD results showed that samples sintered at 750°C, 850°C and 950°C had no change in structure and still held the crystal structure of schorl and quartz, but, the content of schorl crystal decreased. Whereas, schorl\ud
crystal completely disappeared in the sample sintered at 1050°C and two new crystal phases of hematite and spinel were formed, which resulted in disappearance of the spontaneous ‘electrostatic poles’. Hence, it was inferred that the electrostatic field of schorl crystal could enhance the MO discoloration by schorl-catalyzed Fenton-like reaction
Antibacterial Activity of Zn-Loaded Grafted Fibers—Mechanical Strength and Biocidal Action.
No full textApart from exhibiting excellent properties such as biocompatibility, feeling like human skin, sweat absorptivity, and comfort, cotton fabric also creates a suitable environment for microorganisms to grow because of their tendency to absorb moisture. Hence, in order to impart antibacterial properties to cotton fibers, in the current study microorganisms have been graft copolymerized with N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and acrylamide to produce micrometer-sized graft layer on the cotton fiber. The fibers have been loaded with Zn(II) ions to impart antibacterial character to them. The biocidal action of Zn(II) has been investigated as a function of percent grafting of polymeric chains on fibers and the concentration of Zn(II) ions in the immersion media, using zone inhibition method. Growth rates of bacterial colonies have been found to be appreciably low in the presence of Zn(II)-loaded grafted fibers. However, the grafting of cotton fibers has been found to decrease the mechanical strength of the resulting fibers
Tribology of maleic anhydride modified rice-husk filled polyvinylchloride.
No full textRice husk is an agricultural waste produced in bulk quantity as a part of rice milling. It is generally used as a fuel for heating which results in the production of rice husk ash, safe disposal of which is again an environmental issue. The high ash content due to combustion of rice husk leads to poor efficiency of carbon conversion. However, rice husk has proved to be efficient filler for developing polymer-based composites provided there is a good compatibility between rice husk and base polymer matrix. In the present work, a good interfacial interaction between rice husk and polyvinylchloride has been achieved by modifying the surface of the former using maleic anhydride as a compatibilizing agent. The positive effect of rice husk reinforcement as well as surface treatment has been reflected in the improved tribological and mechanical properties of the resulting PVC-based composite. Low filler concentration of rice husk, i.e. 10 wt% is proved to be the optimum concentration to achieve maximum strength as well as tribological properties. Scanning electron microscopy has been used to understand the wear mechanisms of MAH modified rice husk filled polyvinylchloride composites
Coupled Phenomenological and Fracture Mechanics Approach to Assess the Fracture Behaviour of TWC Piping Component
No full textThe present study demonstrates the numerical prediction of experimental specimen J-R curve using Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman phenomenologically based material model. The predicted specimen J-R curve is used to determine the geometric independent initiation fracture toughness (JSZWc) value that compares well with experimental result. Using the experimentally determined and numerically predicted JSZWc values and specimen J-R curves, the accuracy of predicting the fracture behaviour of the cracked component is judged. Thus the present study proposed a coupled phenomenological and fracture mechanics approach to predict the crack initiation and instability stages in cracked piping components using numerically predicted specimen J-R curve obtained from tensile specimens testing data