Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
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Effect of State Change of Liquid Crystalline Polymer on Dynamic Visco-Elasticity of Its Blends with Polyethylene-Terephthalate
No full textThe dynamic viscoelastic properties of liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET)\ud
blends were studied at two different temperatures: 265°C at which LCP was in solid state and 285°C at which LCP was in molten state. The PET was in molten state at both the temperatures. The storage modulus, G’, loss modulus, G’’, dynamic viscosity, h’, of blends with different compositions were evaluated and compared. The morphology of these samples was studied using scanning electron microscope, which exhibited composition dependency. A maxima was observed in the viscosity versus composition plot corresponding to 90/10 LCP/PET blend at 285°C. The G’ versus G’’ plots demonstrated the composition dependency of LCP/PET blend
CFD validation for flyash particle classification in hydrocyclones
Get PDFThe investigation pertains to establishing a simulation methodology for understanding the flyash classification characteristics of a 76 and 50 mm diameter hydrocyclone where the work was carried out using commercially available CFD software. Comparative results on the simulated and experimental water throughput, split values are presented. Results indicted that there is a good match in water split\ud
between the experimental and simulated values with error values below 10% at different hydrocyclone designs. Further a discussion is\ud
made on the flow features at comparable ratio of cyclone diameter to spigot opening in the 76 and 50 mm designs. The vertical core region around the cyclone axis having static pressure equal to or below the atmospheric pressure is examined to be increasing in diameter from bottom of the spigot opening till the interface where vortex finder joins the main cylindrical cyclone body and remains more or less\ud
similar at the vortex finder outlet. The diameter of this zone at the spigot outlet is 0.6 and 5.4 mm at 3.2 and 9.4 mm spigot openings in case of 50 mm diameter hydrocyclone. The diameter of the core at spigot outlet is found to be around 9.2 and 11 mm at 15 and 20 mm for spigot openings in case of 76 mm diameter hydrocyclone. Classification of flyash particulates is simulated through discrete phase modeling using particles injection technique and the simulated results are further validated with suitably performed experiments. With 50 mm diameter hydrocyclone, reasonable predictions are observed at 9.4 mm spigot opening. Considerable deviation in particle distribution points with this hydrocyclone is observed at narrowest\ud
spigot diameter of 3.2 mm. The simulated values of d50 in case of 50 mm diameter hydrocyclone are 8 and 10 lm at 9.4 and 3.2 mm diameter spigot openings. Better predictions are obtained with 76 mm diameter hydrocyclone at both 10 and 15 mm diameter spigot openings. Similarly, the simulated d50 values are 14 and 20 lm at 15 and 10 mm diameter hydrocyclones. Possible reasons for deviations in the results relating the spigot opening, solids concentration at the underflow and in turn role of slurry viscosity on the air core diameter are proposed
Estimation of Concentration of Particles in Polymerizing Fluid during Centrifugal Casting of Functionally Graded Polymer Composites
No full textThe concentration of uniformly distributed particles in a fluid changes with time in the direction of gravitational or\ud
centrifugal force to form a concentration gradient. The change in the concentration is an outcome of velocity variation of particles in a fluid. A modified equation for terminal velocity, vm of particles in polymerizing-fluid under centrifugal force is proposed to estimate the changes in the volume fraction of particles in the graded composites. The proposed equation introduces the effect of cure kinetics of polymer and its effect on particle movement in the model that was based on the modified Stoke_s law, considering the parameters related to particle hindrance, centrifugal force, particle dimensions, viscosity variation etc. The model predictions of concentration changes at the different locations of samples were compared with calcium carbonate filled polysulphide-modified-epoxy graded composites prepared by centrifugal casting.. The effect of particle size, delayed curing rate of matrix were explored. The simulated results are in good agreement with those of experiment
Development of UHMWPE modified PP/PET blends and their mechanical and abrasive wear behavior.
No full textOptimization of die angle and ram velocity for rod extrusion dynamic material modeling and genetic algorithm
No full textHigh stress abrasive wear study on bamboo Journal \ud of materials processing technology.
No full textHigh stress abrasive wear of bamboo in mainly two directions parallel and perpendicular to the fibre direction has been determined by using a Suga abrasion wear tester. Bamboo is a unidirectional natural composite. Unidirectional cellulosic fibres in bamboo provide unique directional wear properties. The anisotropic abrasive wear behaviour was observed due to difference in fibre vascular bundle orientation present in bamboo. Wear anisotropy of bamboo depended on load and abrasive grit size.\ud
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Wear anisotropy dependence on load can be represented by the following relation
High-Stress Abrasive Wear Response of 0.2% Carbon Dual Phase Steel: Effects of Microstructural Features and Experimental Conditions.
No full textEffects of heat treatment on the high-stress abrasive wear response of 0.2% carbon steel have been investigated at varying applied loads, abrasive (SiC) sizes and sliding distances. The heat treatment involved intercritical annealing at three different temperatures between Ac1 and Ac3 followed by ice water quenching in order to produce a dual phase microstructure consisting of varying quantities of ferrite plus martensite. The wear rate increased monotonically with applied load irrespective of the heat treatment schedule. Further, the wear rate increased drastically when the abrasive size was increased from 15 to 27 �m; a further increase in the abrasive size led to only a marginal increase in the wear rate. In general, the wear rate decreased with increasing sliding distance and attained a nearly stable value at longer sliding distances.Increasing intercritical annealing temperature resulted into higher martensite content, thereby leading to reduced wear rate. However, the extent of reduction in wear rate with martensite content has been found to change with the applied load and abrasive size. The present investigation clearly suggests that it is quite possible to attain desired combinations of bulk hardness and microstructure (ferrite plus martensite) that could greatly control abrasive wear\ud
properties in low carbon steel. The observed wear response of the samples has been explained on the basis of microconstituent–abrasive interaction during the course of abrasive action, degradation of the abrasive particles and the nature of various microconstituents, i.e. mechanical properties
Effect of operating variables on shape of ‘‘fish-hook’’ curves in cyclones
No full textExperiments have been carried out in a hydrocyclone and a Vorsyl separator using fine magnetite particles (less than 75 lm sizes). Although at all the experimental conditions ‘‘fish-hook’’ has been observed, the shape of the curves is found to be different. Therefore, in this paper a set of new nomenclature has been proposed to quantify the differences in various shapes. An attempt has also been made to describe the effects of variables on the shapes of ‘‘fish-hook’’ in terms of the proposed nomenclature. At a given operating condition, it is also shown that the shape of a ‘‘fish-hook’’ remains unchange
Solid wastes generation in India and their recycling potential\ud in building materials
No full textPresently in India, about 960 million tonnes of solid waste is being generated annually as by-products during industrial, mining, municipal, agricultural and other processes. Of this �350 million tonnes are organic wastes from agricultural sources; �290 million tonnes are inorganic waste of industrial and mining sectors and �4.5 million tonnes are hazardous in nature. Advances in solid waste\ud
management resulted in alternative construction materials as a substitute to traditional materials like bricks, blocks, tiles, aggregates, ceramics, cement, lime, soil, timber and paint. To safeguard the environment, efforts are being made for recycling different wastes and utilise them in value added applications. In this paper, present status on generation and utilization of both non-hazardous and hazardous solid wastes in India, their recycling potentials and environmental implication are reported and discussed in detail