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Hegel and the Problem of Affluence
Get PDFIt is widely known that Hegel’s Philosophy of Right recognizes poverty as one of the central problems of modern Civil Society. What is much less well-known, however, is that Hegel sees yet another structural problem at the opposite side of the economic spectrum: a problem of affluence. Indeed, as I show in this paper, Hegel’s text contains a detailed – yet sometimes overlooked – discussion of the detrimental psychological and sociological effects of great wealth, as well as of how to counter them. By bringing this discussion to the fore, we get a more complete picture of Hegel’s theory of Civil Society (and of some of its central concepts, such as ‘the rabble\u27) and shed light on an aspect of Hegel’s social philosophy that speaks to problems we face today
Ficción y cientificismo: Opendoor y Paraísos de Iosi Havilio y La comemadre de Roque Larraquy” [Fiction and Scientism: Iosi Havilio’s Opendoor and Paraísos and Roque Larraquy’s La comemadre]
No full textLa presencia del cientificismo positivista de fines del siglo XIX es legible en novelas de Roque Larraquy (en particular, La comemadre, 2010) y Iosi Havilio (Opendoor, 2006 y Paraísos, 2011) ambientadas en parte o en su totalidad en el siglo XXI. Argumento que Larraquy encuentra en instituciones y archivos finiseculares un tono narrativo y un tipo de personaje y Havilio una motivación para una protagonista en general exenta de pasiones. Para ambos novelistas, el uso del archivo está más emparentado con el aprovechamiento narrativo que –por ejemplo, en las novelas del boom– con la búsqueda de saberes revelatorios y centros de significación. La presencia edilicia y textual del poco visitado cientificisimo positivista, por lo tanto, se presenta más emparentada con la casualidad que con la indagación. De este modo, tanto las instituciones creadas en esa época (un psiquiátrico, un sanatorio, un zoológico) como sus restos textuales (una enciclopedia de botánica, un discurso inaugural, un relato de viajeros, la revista Caras y Caretas) se recuperan en estas novelas contemporáneas desde respuestas afectivas leves, como la curiosidad y el interés, y espacios de la serendipia y el abandono, como el desván.
Abstract: The presence of late 19th century scientific positivism is evident in novels by Roque Larraquy (especially La comemadre, 2010) and Iosi Havilio (Opendoor, 2006 and Paraísos, 2011), set in part or entirely in the 21st century. I argue that Larraquy finds a narrative tone and character type in turn-of-the-century institutions and archives, whereas Havilio procures a motivation for a protagonist otherwise devoid of passions. For both novelists, the archive functions more as a narrative device than as a search for knowledge or meaning (as it does in boom novels). In this way, both the institutions created in the late 19th century (a psychiatric residence, a hospital, a zoo) and the textual remnants of the time (a botanical encyclopedia, an inaugural speech in a fin-de-siècle ward, a travel narrative, the magazine Caras y Caretas) are retrieved in these contemporary novels through light affective responses, such as curiosity and interest, and spaces of serendipity and abandonment, like the attic
An Exploratory Study of the Prosecution of Fatal Child Maltreatment: Criminal Charges Filed Against Presumed Perpetrators in the United States in 2017
Get PDFIn the United States child maltreatment fatalities (CMFs) do not usually meet the standard for manslaughter or murder, resulting in convictions of lesser crimes and little jail time. This exploratory study examined the charges brought against suspected CMF perpetrators in 2017. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted using data obtained from the Nexis Uni newspaper database, that has over 40,000 high quality media sources, for the year 2017. We found that the most frequently used charges were endangering the welfare of a child and murder, the former of which was more related to neglect-deaths and the latter to physical abuse-deaths. There was no difference between charges for male and female perpetrators. Practical implications for research, policy, and practice are discussed
Review of Rediscovering Political Friendship: Aristotle’s Theory and Modern Identity, Community, and Equality, written by Paul W. Ludwig
Get PDFBroadening the ecological mindset
Get PDFOver the past three decades, the Harvard Forest Summer Research Program in Ecology (HF-SRPE) has been at the forefront of expanding the ecological tent for minoritized or otherwise marginalized students. By broadening the definition of ecology to include fields such as data science, software engineering, and remote sensing, we attract a broader range of students, including those who may not prioritize field experiences or who may feel unsafe working in rural or urban field sites. We also work towards a more resilient society in which minoritized or marginalized students can work safely, in part by building teams of students and mentors. Teams collaborate on projects that require a diversity of approaches and create opportunities for students and mentors alike to support one another and share leadership. Finally, HF-SRPE promotes an expanded view of what it means to become an ecologist. We value and support diverse career paths for ecologists to work in all parts of society, to diversify the face of ecology, and to bring different perspectives together to ensure innovations in environmental problem solving for our planet
Probing exchange bias at the surface of a doped ferrimagnetic insulator
Get PDFWith the realization of stress-induced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, efficient spin-orbit torque switching, and room temperature topological Hall effect, interest in rare earth iron garnets has been revived in recent years for their potential in spintronic applications. In this study, we investigate the magnetic properties of micrometer-thick Bi and Ga substituted thulium iron garnets (BiGa:TmIG) grown by the liquid-phase epitaxy method. Above the magnetization compensation (MC) temperature, anomalous triple hysteresis is observed in BiGa:TmIG/Pt heterostructures by anomalous Hall effect measurements. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism and energy dispersive spectroscopy measurements reveal its origin as an internal exchange bias (EB) effect arising from inhomogeneities localized at the surface of the film. Possibly depending on the difference in thickness and defect realization of the EB layer, two types of magnetization reversal mechanisms, namely, the Stoner-Wohlfarth type and the reversible domain-wall motion type, are observed. Our results show that rich meta-magnetic phases exist in garnets close to MC, which can be robustly tuned by chemical composition engineering and conveniently probed by electrical transport measurements. With the realization of stress-induced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, efficient spin-orbit torque switching, and room temperature topological Hall effect, interest in rare earth iron garnets has been revived in recent years for their potential in spintronic applications. In this study, we investigate the magnetic properties of micrometer-thick Bi and Ga substituted thulium iron garnets (BiGa:TmIG) grown by the liquid-phase epitaxy method. Above the magnetization compensation (MC) temperature, anomalous triple hysteresis is observed in BiGa:TmIG/Pt heterostructures by anomalous Hall effect measurements. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism and energy dispersive spectroscopy measurements reveal its origin as an internal exchange bias (EB) effect arising from inhomogeneities localized at the surface of the film. Possibly depending on the difference in thickness and defect realization of the EB layer, two types of magnetization reversal mechanisms, namely, the Stoner-Wohlfarth type and the reversible domain-wall motion type, are observed. Our results show that rich meta-magnetic phases exist in garnets close to MC, which can be robustly tuned by chemical composition engineering and conveniently probed by electrical transport measurements
Pandemic, Plague, Pestilence and the Tropics: Critical Inquiries from Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences
Get PDFThe Tropics have long been associated with exotic diseases and epidemics. This historical imaginary arose with Aristotle’s notion of the tropics as the ‘torrid zone’, a geographical region virtually uninhabitable to temperate peoples due to the hostility of its climate, and persisted in colonial imaginaries of the tropics as pestilential latitudes requiring slave labour. The tropical sites of colonialism gave rise to urgent studies of tropical diseases which lead to (racialised) changes in urban planning. The Tropics as a region of pandemic, plague and pestilence has been challenged during the COVID-19 pandemic. The novel coronavirus did not (simply) originate in the tropics, nor have peoples of the tropics been specifically or exclusively infected. The papers collected in this Special Issue disrupt the imaginary of pandemics, plague and pestilence in association with the tropics through critical, nuanced, and situated inquiries from cultural history, ethnography, cultural studies, science and technology studies, Indigenous knowledge, philosophy, anthropology, urban studies, cultural geography, literature and film analyses, and expressed through distinctive academic articles, poetry and speculative fiction
Private Lives of Old Books
Get PDFCatalogue of an exhibition held at Bryn Mawr College September 24, 2021-December 14, 2021, curated by Kate Barnes with contributions from Catherine Conybeare, Eric Pumroy and Jason Scott-Warren and design by Nathanael Roesch.https://repository.brynmawr.edu/bmc_books/1044/thumbnail.jp
Implicating Buddhism in Madame Butterfly’s Tragedy: Japonisme and Japan-Bashing in Fritz Lang’s Harakiri (1919)
Get PDFThis chapter extensively examines Fritz Lang’s Harakiri (1919), an adaptation of the Madame Butterfly story made by Lang during his first year as a director. It studies the production and reception histories of the film, which was believed to be lost until a print was discovered in the Netherlands. In comparing the restored version of Harakiri with earlier versions of the story, the chapter observes that Lang’s film distinguishes itself by dramatizing the double hara-kiri of O-Take-San and her father and by transforming the Buddhist bonze (monk), who makes only a brief appearance in Puccini’s opera, into Butterfly’s principal antagonist. By portraying the bonze as evil, the film shifts the responsibility for Butterfly’s tragedy to Buddhism and, by extension, to Japanese culture itself. The chapter considers both historical and contemporary reasons for the harsh portrayal of Buddhism in the film, while recognizing that the negative projection of Japan stands in tension with the film’s own Japonisme, a product of Lang’s passion for East Asian art. Furthermore, a spectacular scene described in a contemporary review but missing from the restored version of the film alludes to the fact that Harakiri did not provide a vehicle for Lang’s preferred visual style