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The Effect of Isolated and Combined Application of Menthol and Carbohydrate Mouth Rinses on 40 km Time Trial Performance, Physiological and Perceptual Measures in the Heat
Full text linkThe current study compared mouth swills containing carbohydrate (CHO), menthol (MEN)
or a combination (BOTH) on 40 km cycling time trial (TT) performance in the heat (32 ◦C, 40%
humidity, 1000 W radiant load) and investigates associated physiological (rectal temperature (Trec),
heart rate (HR)) and subjective measures (thermal comfort (TC), thermal sensation (TS), thirst, oral
cooling (OC) and RPE (legs and lungs)). Eight recreationally trained male cyclists (32 ± 9 y; height:
180.9 ± 7.0 cm; weight: 76.3 ± 10.4 kg) completed familiarisation and three experimental trials,
swilling either MEN, CHO or BOTH at 10 km intervals (5, 15, 25, 35 km). The 40 km TT performance
did not differ significantly between conditions (F = 0.343; p = 0.715; η2 = 0.047), yet post-hoc testing 2,14
indicated small differences between MEN and CHO (d = 0.225) and MEN and BOTH (d = 0.275). Subjective measures (TC, TS, RPE) were significantly affected by distance but showed no significant differences between solutions. Within-subject analysis found significant interactions between solution and location upon OC intensity (F28,196 = 2.577; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.269). While solutions containing MEN resulted in a greater sensation of OC, solutions containing CHO experienced small improvements in TT performance. Stimulation of central CHO pathways during self-paced cycling TT in the heat may be of more importance to performance than perceptual cooling interventions. However, no detrimental effects are seen when interventions are combined
Untitled, from the series everything that is not photographed is lost.
No full textUntitled, from the series Everything that is not photographed is lost, Is taken from a series of works exploring the skateboard culture at the Undercroft, Southbank Centre, London, England
Developing soft skills to produce work-ready international graduate diploma students in engineering: A comparative study
Full text linkThe final year project (FYP) in engineering provides an opportunity for students to both develop and
demonstrate their professional capabilities and interpersonal skills which are key graduate attributes
assessed by accreditors (in accordance with the Washington, International Engineering Alliance, or
Sydney Accord), as well as solve complex problems with open-ended projects (Rasul et.al 2009). “Soft
skills” are critical professional capabilities, required by the Engineering New Zealand professional
body, that must be integrated into the FYP to meet the graduate profile for Graduate Diploma
International (GDI) students. This demand comes at a time when engineers are increasingly called upon
to play an active role in addressing global challenges facing humanity in the twenty-first century
(Bernard 2019)
Rock and Rhapsodies: The Music of Queen
No full textSince 1973, Queen have captivated listeners through the intense sonic palette of voices and guitars, the sprawling and epic journeys of songs, and charismatic splendour of their live performances. Rock and Rhapsodies is the first book to undertake a musicological study of the band's output, with a fundamental aim of discovering what, exactly, gave Queen's songs their magical and distinct musical identity. Focusing on the material written, recorded, and released between 1973 and 1991, author Nick Braae provides readers with an in-depth and nuanced analytical account of the group's individual musical style (or "idiolect"), and illuminates the multifaceted stylistic and historical contexts in which Queen's music was created. Aspects of Queen's songs are also used as a springboard for exploring a range of further analytical and discursive issues: the nature of a musical style; the conceptual relationship between an artist, style, and genre; form in popular songs; and the character and identity of a singing voice.
Following an introduction and "primer" on Queen's idiolect, Rock and Rhapsodies presents ten further chapters, each of which offers a snapshot of a particular musical element (form, the voice), a particular subset of repertoire (Freddie Mercury's large-scale 1970s songs), or a particular era (post-1991), thus painting a rich overall picture of both the band's history and their ongoing presence in popular culture. Along the way, there is an underlying focus on interrogating and substantiating the themes and ideas that emerge from the writing, documentaries and other media on Queen, using a variety of analytical tools and close readings of songs, to demonstrate how aspects of critical reception align (or not) with musical details. Rock and Rhapsodies will reward any reader who has been enchanted by the myriad and complex musical components that make up any Queen song
Performing nature unnaturally: musique concrète and the performance of knowledge one seabird at a time
No full textMigratory seabirds are an unseen conduit between marine and terrestrial systems, carrying the nutrients they consume at sea into the forests where they breed. Acting as environmental sentinels, their health and reproductive success provide early warning signals of deteriorating marine eco-systems as the climate changes, and fish stocks decrease.
Aotearoa New Zealand is the seabird capital of the world, with ~25% of all species breeding here and ~10% exclusively so. They play a critical role in maintaining healthy ecosystems, with their long-term well-being is closely interconnected with our own prospects for a sustainable future.
Now predominantly restricted to off-shore islands due to predation and habitat destruction, seabirds and their familiar sounds have become less available in an age when the unprecedented global movement and planetary spread of the human population has culminated in unsustainable fishing, predators and habitat destruction. Inspiring mythology, song, poetry and stories, birds have been significant in shaping our understanding of how our natural environment has come to be known and understood.
This paper speculates upon how we learn to communicate and cooperate with these precious taonga, and what might be learned from such an exchange through creative practice. Reflecting upon what birds might tell us, musician Matthew Bannister and I, a visual artist, have taken our cue from seabirds sharing our local environment on the west coast of Aotearoa - from the petrel (peera) through to the gannet (tākapu). Working on the premise that bird vocalisation is a performed negotiation that includes defence of territory and mate attraction, a bird’s call is a form of communication that effectively says “Come here” or “Go away”, which arguably is true of music – marking a social space and time to invite or repel.
Rather than limiting bird calls to functionalist categories of explanation, we ask whether seabirds can communicate and exchange information about environmental changes using a malleable vocabulary, comprised of unique acoustic units arranged and re-arranged sequentially for greater communicative depth. Granting a high level of agency and creativity to birds as opposed to believing a bird only avails itself of stereotyped ‘speech’ to survive an accident-rich environment, places greater importance on responses that are improvised directly upon environmental stimuli as irritant rather than as a signal.
Matthew explores bird calls via musique concrète, sampling recordings of seabirds to abstract the musical values of bird song conventions – a human response to the ‘other’ in jointly formed compositions, reflecting a living evolving relationship between composer and bird.
In further developing our research into a multimedia artwork, I shall extend a technique used for electroacoustic composition (granular synthesis) to video portraits of composer/performer and bird. In applying granular synthesis techniques to video, tiny units of image and sampled sound are reassembled within the frames. Through the mixing of existing synthesised sequences, performer/composer and bird become active participants in the making and remaking of a shared environment, articulating the limits of space/territory to find new ways to be heard within it
Concert performances in Auckland and Hamilton by the Auckland Jazz Orchestra of selected, significant works (both new and existing) from my extensive library of compositions and arrangements for Jazz Big Band.
No full textI was invited by Mike Booth, Director of the Auckland Jazz Orchestra to participate in a series of concerts by the AJO in Auckland and Hamilton, the repertoire for which principally being selected from my personal library of compositions (both new and existing but not yet performed in NZ) and arrangements for big band (the concert may also include works by other members of the AJO). My role would involve provision of music and conducting the AJO during rehearsals and live performance
Evaluating the robustness of global diversified ETF-based investment portfolios
Full text linkInvesting has been recognized as a way to generate wealth. Investors are particularly interested in chasing the short-term top performing asset while they, in fact, should concern with the robustness of their investment portfolios.
This article explores the importance of formulating and following an investment strategy with a portfolio that preserves your capital while seeks to provide relevant returns considering the actual exposition to risks. Investing strategies and asset allocation are topics analysed by both industry and academia. In the article, we evaluate three global diversified portfolios build with ETFs (exchange traded funds) from the New Zealand Stock Exchange (NZX). Analysis of the last 5-years performance using historical data showed that the single Total World ETF has outperformed two other similar portfolios: an equal-weighted and a cap-weighted
Collaborating for a changing future in education
Full text linkAs technology and demand changes day by day, we as
educators must be up to date too in the area of education. We must adapt and grow our-self first in this environment. It is each teacher's accountability to
invest learners to adapt changes, face challenges, be
innovative and grab any opportunities that come their way.
So to collaborate in teaching for the future we teachers
must be ready and organised to be information accumulators, developers, predictors, curriculum professionals, researchers and problem-solvers
Perceptual and Physiological Responses to Carbohydrate and Menthol Mouth-Swilling Solutions: A Repeated Measures Cross-Over Preliminary Trial
Full text linkCarbohydrate and menthol mouth-swilling have been used to enhance exercise performance in the heat. However, these strategies differ in mechanism and subjective experience. Participants (n = 12) sat for 60 min in hot conditions (35 °C; 15 ± 2%) following a 15 min control period, during which the participants undertook three 15 min testing blocks. A randomised swill (carbohydrate; menthol; water) was administered per testing block (one swill every three minutes within each block). Heart rate, tympanic temperature, thermal comfort, thermal sensation and thirst were recorded every three minutes. Data were analysed by ANOVA, with carbohydrate intake controlled for via ANCOVA. Small elevations in heart rate were observed after carbohydrate (ES: 0.22 ± 90% CI: −0.09–0.52) and water swilling (0.26; −0.04–0.54). Menthol showed small improvements in thermal comfort relative to carbohydrate (−0.33; −0.63–0.03) and water (−0.40; from −0.70 to −0.10), and induced moderate reductions in thermal sensation (−0.71; from −1.01 to −0.40 and −0.66; from −0.97 to −0.35, respectively). Menthol reduced thirst by a small to moderate extent. These effects persisted when controlling for dietary carbohydrate intake. Carbohydrate and water may elevate heart rate, whereas menthol elicits small improvements in thermal comfort, moderately improves thermal sensation and may mitigate thirst; these effects persist when dietary carbohydrate intake is controlled for
Collaborating for a changing future in education
Full text linkAs technology and demand changes day by day, we as educators must be up to date too in the area of education.. We must adapt and grow our-self first in this environment. It is each teacher's accountability to invest learners to adapt changes, face challenges, be innovative and grab any opportunities that come their way. So to collaborate in teaching for the future we teachers must be ready and organised to be information accumulators, developers, predictors, curriculum professionals, researchers and problem-solvers